Chronic or recurrent Campylobacter enteritis in primary immunodeficiency: A UK national case-series and review of the literature

Grammatikos, Alexandros P.; Thomas, Moira; Johnston, Sarah; Moghaddas, Fiona; Albur, Mahableshwar; Yong, Patrick; Buckland, Matthew; Grigoriadou, Sofia; Whyte, Andy; Herwadkar, Archana; Gompels, Mark

doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2023.05.046

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Poor adherence to treatment and gastrointestinal protein loss probably contributed to the inadequate IgG levels. Decreased T cell levels have also been observed previously [ 14 , 19 ], suggesting the presence of T cell dysfunction in CVID patients. The patient’s immunodeficiency and the use of concomitant immunosuppression may also contribute to T cell depletion, increasing susceptibility to infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Such immunocompromised patients are more likely to develop severe complications after C. jejuni infection, to suffer from a chronic carrier status, or to have recurrent symptomatic episodes over years [ 13 ]. To date, the available literature is mainly limited to individual reports or series of CVID patients suffering from chronic or recurrent C. jejuni infection and/or complications such as bacteremia [ 9 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. However, a cohort study of CVID patients with Campylobacter infection has recently been published [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to the other previously reported cases, the patient presented with diarrhea, other gastrointestinal symptoms, and weight loss. Reduced or undetectable IgA and long-term average IgG levels below baseline are other typical features found [ 9 , 13 , 19 ]. IgA deficiency is considered one of the risk factors contributing to the susceptibility of CVID patients to gastrointestinal bacterial infections due to its key role in the intestinal mucosal defense [ 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Possible Role of Cytomegalovirus in Gastric Cancer Development and Recurrent Macrolide-Resistant Campylobacter jejuni Infection in Common Variable Immunodeficiency: A Case Report and Literature Discussion

Díaz-Alberola,

Espuch-Oliver,

Fernández-Segovia

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most common symptomatic immunodeficiency in adults. It comprises a group of syndromes whose etiology involves genetic, epigenetic, microbiota, and environmental factors. We present the case of a 46-year-old Caucasian male patient with CVID and an immune dysregulation phenotype. The particular elements of the case consisted of an atypical clinical course, which undoubtedly demonstrates the great variability of clinical manifestations that these types of patients can suffer from, including bacterial and viral infections, autoimmune phenomena, and neoplasia. Notably, the patient suffered from recurrent gastrointestinal infection with macrolide-resistant Campylobacter jejuni and gastroduodenal disease and viraemia by cytomegalovirus (CMV). In addition, CMV was postulated as the main pro-oncogenic factor contributing to the development of early-onset intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma, for which the patient underwent gastrectomy. The patient’s evolution was difficult, but finally, as a result of the multidisciplinary approach, clinical stabilization and improvement in his quality of life were achieved. Based on our brief literature review, this is the first reported case of this clinical complexity. Our experience could help with the management of future patients with CVID and may also update current epidemiological data on CVID.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%