Chronic ocular hypertension following episcleral venous occlusion in rats

Shareef, Shakeel; Garcia-Valenzuela, Enrique; Salierno, A.; Walsh, James; Sharma, S. C.

doi:10.1016/s0014-4835(05)80131-9

Cited by 264 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…17 General anaesthetics were shown to have resulted in a rapid and substantial decrease in IOP in all eyes, and so measurements of IOP in awake animals provide the most accurate documentation of IOP history for rat glaucoma model studies. 18 Shareef and colleagues 19,20 cauterized large veins draining the anterior rat eye and used the pneumatonograph to estimate the IOP. In order to produce an increased IOP, the limbus-draining veins were exposed by incising the conjunctiva.…”

Section: Experimental Glaucoma In Ratsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models of optic nerve diseases

Levkovitch-Verbin

2004

Eye

114

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Section: Experimental Glaucoma In Ratsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models of optic nerve diseases

Levkovitch-Verbin

2004

Eye

114

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“…When the scleral venous drainage is blocked, aqueous humor is secreted at a faster rate than it is reabsorbed, causing elevated pressure within the eye. 8 Reitsamer et al 9 established that IOP exhibits a linear relationship with ocular venous pressure using a rabbit model. Any significant rise in IOP, decrease in mean arterial pressure, or combination of the two can result in ischemic optic neuropathy or central retinal artery occlusion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Intranasal Pressure on Intraocular Pressure

Kumral¹,

Erden²,

Erçalık³

et al. 2017

Ophthalmol Open J

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Brief Research ReportABSTRACT Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate intraocular pressure (IOP) after the application of the nasal packing for sinonasal surgery. Methods: A total of 40 patients who underwent sinonasal surgery were enrolled in this prospective study. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups: gauze packing (group 1) and silicone nasal septal splint (group 2). All participants completed a comprehensive questionnaire and underwent an ocular examination including measurement of IOP by Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT). All the measurements were repeated before removing the nasal packings. IOP measurements before the operation and during the nasal packing were compared with each other. Results:The study group comprised 21 males (52.5 %) and 19 females (47.5%). The mean age was 29.10±8.18 years (median 27.50) (min-max=18-51). Twenty-three (57.5%) had silicone nasal packing while 17 (42.5%) had gauze nasal packing. Mean nasal packing duration was 2.575±0.712 days. The post-operative increase in the intraocular pressure of the both eyes were not statistically significant (p>0.05). IOPs of the patients' eyes showed no significant increase, compared to the pre-operative results according to the type of nasal packing used (p>0.05). Conclusions: Increased intranasal pressure due to nasal packing did not increase intraocular pressure. The type of the nasal packing also did not differ to increase the intraocular pressure.

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“…This is likely the result of the fact that no penetration of the sclera occurs when we ligate the episcleral veins, thereby avoiding damage to the underlying choroidal tissue secondary to the focal heating caused by cautery or laser treatments [41,49,50]. Our extensive histological examinations of the retina revealed no evidence of changes reflecting even the mildest of ischemic injury in the inner or outer nuclear layers, nor any shrinkage of overall retinal thickness, at any postischemic time-changes that would be expected with retinal ischemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival in Glaucoma by Hypoxic Postconditioning After Disease Onset

et al. 2015

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The neuroprotective efficacy of adaptive epigenetics, wherein beneficial gene expression changes are induced by nonharmful "conditioning" stimuli, is now well established in several acute, preclinical central nervous system injury models. Recently, in a mouse model of glaucoma, we demonstrated retinal ganglion cell (RGC) protection by repetitively "preconditioning" with hypoxia prior to disease onset, indicating an epigenetic approach may also yield benefits in chronic neurodegenerative disease. Herein, we determined whether presenting the repetitive hypoxic stimulus after disease initiation [repetitive hypoxic "postconditioning" (RHPost)] could afford similar functional and morphologic protection against glaucomatous RGC injury. Chronic elevations in intraocular pressure (IOP) were induced unilaterally in adult male C57BL/6 mice by episcleral vein ligation. Mice were randomized to an RH-Post [1 h of systemic hypoxia (11 % oxygen) every other day, starting 4 days after IOP elevation] or an untreated control group. After 3 weeks of experimental glaucoma, the 21-27 % reduction and 5-25 % prolongation in flash visual-evoked potential amplitudes and latencies, respectively, and the 30 % impairment in visual acuity were robustly improved in RH-Post-treated mice, as was the 17 % loss in RGC soma number and 20 % reduction in axon integrity. These protective effects were observed without RH-Post affecting IOP. The present findings demonstrate that functional and morphologic protection of RGCs can be realized by stimulating epigenetic responses during the early stages of disease, and thus constitute a new conceptual approach to glaucoma therapeutics.

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Chronic ocular hypertension following episcleral venous occlusion in rats

Cited by 264 publications

References 7 publications

Animal models of optic nerve diseases

Animal models of optic nerve diseases

The Effect of Intranasal Pressure on Intraocular Pressure

Enhanced Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival in Glaucoma by Hypoxic Postconditioning After Disease Onset

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