Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: The Present and Future

Krishnan, Aditya; Turner, Alice

doi:10.3390/biomedicines10020499

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The increasingly prevalent condition COPD, which is brought on by smoking, is expected to overtake all other causes of mortality in the next ten years. Small airway inflammation and increasing parenchymal damage are the main symptoms of the illness, which also cause lung tissue loss and obstructive pulmonary dysfunction because of gas entrapment, inadequate expiratory flow, and reduced gas exchange [ 287 ]. Currently, corticosteroid immunosuppression is the standard treatment for symptomatic relief of COPD.…”

Section: Applications Of Liposomes and Extracellular Vesicles In Pulm...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Liposomes or Extracellular Vesicles: A Comprehensive Comparison of Both Lipid Bilayer Vesicles for Pulmonary Drug Delivery

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The rapid and non-invasive pulmonary drug delivery (PDD) has attracted great attention compared to the other routes. However, nanoparticle platforms, like liposomes (LPs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs), require extensive reformulation to suit the requirements of PDD. LPs are artificial vesicles composed of lipid bilayers capable of encapsulating hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances, whereas EVs are natural vesicles secreted by cells. Additionally, novel LPs-EVs hybrid vesicles may confer the best of both. The preparation methods of EVs are distinguished from LPs since they rely mainly on extraction and purification, whereas the LPs are synthesized from their basic ingredients. Similarly, drug loading methods into/onto EVs are distinguished whereby they are cell- or non-cell-based, whereas LPs are loaded via passive or active approaches. This review discusses the progress in LPs and EVs as well as hybrid vesicles with a special focus on PDD. It also provides a perspective comparison between LPs and EVs from various aspects (composition, preparation/extraction, drug loading, and large-scale manufacturing) as well as the future prospects for inhaled therapeutics. In addition, it discusses the challenges that may be encountered in scaling up the production and presents our view regarding the clinical translation of the laboratory findings into commercial products.

show abstract

Section: Applications Of Liposomes and Extracellular Vesicles In Pulm...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Liposomes or Extracellular Vesicles: A Comprehensive Comparison of Both Lipid Bilayer Vesicles for Pulmonary Drug Delivery

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Since, COPD is a multifactorial condition influenced by a combination of genetic predisposition, environmental exposures (such as smoking or air pollution), and individual susceptibility [10]. The pathogenesis of COPD involves intricate and incompletely understood mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Inflammatory Dysregulation in Alveolar Macrophages: Implications for Novel Therapeutic Targets in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Adeyanju

2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a severe lung disease characterized by tissue destruction and limited airflow, mainly caused by exposure to harmful environmental substances. Primary symptoms of this lung disorder include dyspnea, sputum production, and cough, which leads to respiratory failure. Prevalence increases with age, making it the most common cause of death worldwide. The primary objective of this study was to identify novel therapeutic targets via gene expression meta-analysis and to utilize them for drug reprofiling of FDA-approved drugs in treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Multiple microarray and RNA-seq datasets from alveolar macrophages comprising healthy and diseased patients were processed to pinpoint significant dysregulated genes involved in this disease. Next, a meta-analysis was performed to identify the consistently differentially expressed genes in all datasets. Functional enrichment and protein-protein interaction analyses were conducted to single out the hub genes. Moreover, 3D structure prediction, virtual screening, and molecular dynamics simulations were utilized to explore the selected hub gene for drug repurposing. The number of significantly dysregulated genes identified via RNA-seq and microarray meta-analysis was found to be 104 and 57, respectively. Interestingly, VGLL3, ITIH5, ELOVL7, ACOD1, LAMB1, CXCL9, and GBP5 were common between the two sets revealing their significant association with the disease. CXCL9 and CCL3L3 were identified as the common hub genes between both sets. However, CXCL9, a chemokine, was prioritized for drug repurposing endeavors as it exhibits remarkable involvement in immune response and inflammation. Virtual screening of CXCL9 against selected drugs disclosed that CXCL9 has the highest binding affinity of -7.3 kcal/mol for Nintedanib, and binding affinities ranged from -2.4 kcal/mol to -7.3 kcal/mol. Moreover, Tepotinib and Crizotinib were found to be the second and third top-scoring drugs of -6.8 kcal/mol and -6.2 kcal/mol, respectively. Furthermore, the molecular dynamics simulation revealed that Crizotinib showed the most prominent results; however, its binding affinity is lower than Nintedanib. Therefore, Nintedanib is suggested as the better therapeutic agent to inhibit CXCL9 for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

show abstract

“…Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a one kind of respiratory disease that common in people,with the significant morbidity as well as the mortality.However,COPD is underdiagnosed with many that are not diagnosed until late in the clinical stage of the disease,especially in the current COVID-19 epidemic [1].The patients with this disease always show signsof persistent airflow restriction.Patients with COPD usually have cough,dyspnea,and expectoration,and can have sudden exacerbations (exacerbations),which is usually the result of respiratory infection [2].Evidence-based big data so far suggests that COPD is the preventable and the treatable diseases.Once diagnosed,patients need lifelong treatment.There are many pathogenesis factors are not clear enough,smoking and ageing are established as principal risk factors [3].There is no drug to cure COPD,most of the treatment is to alleviate the symptoms of patients,such as lowering blood pressure,airway relaxation,etc. β2 receptor agonists are a kind of agonists that can excite the distribution in airway smooth muscle β2 receptor is an asthma therapeutic drug that produces bronchodilation,which belong to bronchodilators and can quickly improve the symptoms of dyspnea,cough and so on.Long-acting β agonists (LABA),along with long-acting muscarine anticholinergic (LAMA),and LABA/ inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are common long-acting bronchodilators.Combination therapy of these drugs is usually used in patients with COPD(with moderate to severe severity of the disease) or other severe airway diseases to control symptoms such as dyspnea,cough and prevent exacerbation [4].When there is a need for two drugs,LAMA combines with LABA (LAMA+LABA) and LABA combines with ICS(LABA+ICS) are fairly appropriate decision,although there are needs for two kinds of drugs,they can be administered through a single drug device.However,what is still not clear is that which group of inhalers is better effective methods or whether any particular formulation is better than other inhalers in the same group or category.This paper aims to discuss the treatment progress of the combination therapy in COPD from the perspective of mechanism and treatment progress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination Therapy for COPD: Efficacy and Prospects of Multiple Therapy

Wei¹,

Wang²,

Zhao³

2022

HSET

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most popular respiratory diseases among the world.Due to the unclear pathogenesis of COPD,the current treatment direction is mostly to prevent and relieve the existing symptoms.The current direction oftreatment for COPD is to control the disease and delay its progression through medication,physical therapy,and surgery in severe cases. Inhaled glucocorticoids,long-acting β agonists (LABA) and long-acting muscarine anticholinergic (LAMA) are widely used in the treatment of COPD.This article discusses the specific symptoms of COPD,and discusses the feasibility and development level of combined therapy combined with the current situation of relevant drug therapy.

show abstract

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: The Present and Future

Abstract: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a highly prevalent condition associated with smoking and is predicted to become a leading cause of death in the current decade [...]

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Liposomes or Extracellular Vesicles: A Comprehensive Comparison of Both Lipid Bilayer Vesicles for Pulmonary Drug Delivery

Liposomes or Extracellular Vesicles: A Comprehensive Comparison of Both Lipid Bilayer Vesicles for Pulmonary Drug Delivery

Exploring Inflammatory Dysregulation in Alveolar Macrophages: Implications for Novel Therapeutic Targets in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Combination Therapy for COPD: Efficacy and Prospects of Multiple Therapy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About