Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Symptom Effects of Long-Term Cumulative Exposure to Ambient Levels of Total Oxidants and Nitrogen Dioxide in California Seventh-day Adventist Residents

Euler, Gary L.; Abbey, David E.; Hodgkin, John E.; Magie, Allan R.

doi:10.1080/00039896.1988.10545950

Cited by 77 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Therefore, as exposed workers in the employed Finnish population, we included only persons who regarded the welding fumes occurring in their workplaces as either considerably harmful or very harmful (prevalence 2.0% for men and 0.4% for women). Last, environmental tobacco smoke in the workplace has been associated with increased risk of symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (232)(233)(234). In a study of 36 800 Seventh-day Adventists (232), working in the same room with a smoker for at least 10 years increased the risk of symptoms of the disease by 11% (statistically significant increase).…”

Section: Respiratory Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Last, environmental tobacco smoke in the workplace has been associated with increased risk of symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (232)(233)(234). In a study of 36 800 Seventh-day Adventists (232), working in the same room with a smoker for at least 10 years increased the risk of symptoms of the disease by 11% (statistically significant increase). Seventh-day Adventists are similar to the general population in most of the pertinent life-style characteristics, except for alcohol intake, tobacco smoking, and in-home passive smoke exposure, which are extremely low.…”

Section: Respiratory Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large Swiss study (234) found an elevated risk of physician-diagnosed asthma (OR 1.4). In the longitudinal study (232) of nonsmoking California Seventh-day Adventists, the diagnosis was made on the basis of the diagnosis reported in a questionnaire (RR 1.45). In a Swedish population-based case-referent study (244), the diagnosis of asthma was based on clinical examinations (OR 1.5).…”

Section: Respiratory Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiologic estimate of the proportion of fatalities related to occupational factors in Finland

Nurminen¹,

Karjalainen²

2001

Scand J Work Environ Health

260

202

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Objectives This study attempts to estimate the proportion of annual deaths related to occupational factors in Finland and considers related methodological issues and associated uncertainties.Methods Statistics on causes of death, numbers of subjects exposed, and risk ratios obtained from the epidemiologic literature were used to estimate the population attributable fraction and disease burden for causes of death from work-related diseases. Gender-, age-and disease-specific numbers of deaths were provided by Statistics Finland for 1996. Information on the size of the population, broken down by gender, age, occupation, and industry, was acquired from population censuses. A Finnish job-exposure matrix supplied data on the prevalence of exposure for specific agents and the level of exposure among exposed workers. ResultsThe attributable fraction of work-related mortality in the relevant disease and age categories was estimated to be 7% (10% for men and 2% for women), and for all diseases and ages the fraction was 4%. For the main cause-of-death categories, the attributable fraction became 12% for circulatory system diseases, 8% for malignant neoplasms, 4% for respiratory system diseases, 4% for mental disorders, 3% for nervous system diseases, and 3% for accidents and violence. The following estimates were obtained for specific important diseases: 24% for lung cancer, 17% for ischemic heart disease, 12% for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 11% for stroke. Based on these fractions, the total number of work-related deaths that occurred in Finland in 1996 was calculated to be on the order of 1800 (employed work force of 2.1 million); 86% involved men.Conclusions High-quality epidemiologic studies and national survey data are essential for obtaining reliable estimates of the proportion of deaths attributable to occupational factors. The magnitude of work-related mortality is an insufficiently recognized contributor to total mortality in Finland, especially from circulatory diseases and other diseases caused by exposure to agents other than asbestos.Key terms attributable fraction, burden of disease, epidemiologic methods, health statistics, occupational exposure. Global estimates of the burden of disease due to occupational factors have been calculated through the application of Finnish rates of registered work-related diseases (1). The approach is subject to the following two fundamental uncertainties: (i) the validity of the data on disease incidence from the national reporting scheme and (ii) the validity of worldwide extrapolations to different regions with different exposure circumstances. With the exception of studies using workers' compensation records, only a few research projects have estimated the magnitude of morbidity or mortality induced by exposure to hazardous agents or stress factors in the work environment at a state or national level. The investigations conducted in this area have covered New York State (2), the whole of the United States (3), Canada (4), and Australia (5). Given the lack of ...

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Section: Respiratory Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Respiratory Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Respiratory Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiologic estimate of the proportion of fatalities related to occupational factors in Finland

Nurminen¹,

Karjalainen²

2001

Scand J Work Environ Health

260

202

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“…EPA, 1996 ). A limited number of studies suggest that long -term exposure to PM has adverse effects on respiratory health ( Euler et al, 1987;Schwartz, 1993;Abbey et al, 1995 ). Few studies have focused on children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood respiratory symptoms, hospital admissions, and long-term exposure to airborne particulate matter

Hrubá¹,

Fabiánovà²,

Koppová³

et al. 2001

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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The effects of long -term exposure to air pollution on respiratory symptoms and respiratory hospitalization ( for asthma, bronchitis or pneumonia ) were assessed in a cross -sectional study of children ( ages 7 ± 11 years, N = 667 ) living in a moderately industrialized city in Central Slovakia. Individual health, residence and family history data obtained through the CESAR study were coupled, using Geographic Information System ( GIS ) technologies, with total suspended particulate ( TSP ) exposure estimates derived from dispersion modeling of almost all local stationary sources. These data were used to assess, at the intra -city level and child -specific level, the potential for TSP as a risk factor for respiratory disease in children. TSP, PM 10 , and PM 2.5 monitored ambient concentrations are highly correlated in the study location. Modeled TSP concentrations resulting from local source emissions are dominated by a large wood processing facility, suggesting variation in exposures among children. The prevalence of respiratory non -asthmatic symptoms and hospitalizations was associated with increased TSP. No association between long -term exposure to TSP and asthma diagnosis or wheeze symptoms was found. Logistic regression modeling indicated a significant increase in hospital admissions for asthma, bronchitis or pneumonia associated with increasing air pollution ( OR 2.16, CI, 1.01 ± 4.60 ) , doctor -diagnosed bronchitis ( OR 1.53, CI, 1.02 ± 2.30 ) , and parent -reported chronic phlegm ( OR 3.43, CI, 1.64 ± 7.16 ) , expressed as odds for a 15 g / m 3 increase in estimated TSP exposure, and these increases are not due to differences in socio -economic, health care or other identified factors.

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“…Une étude épidémiologique longitudinale portant depuis dix ans sur une large cohorte issue de la population califomienne est actuellement en cours (HODGKIN et al, 1984 ;EULER et al, 1987EULER et al, , 1988. Un suivi à la fois des concentrations des polluants atmosphériques (particules totales et ozone) et des symptômes respiratoires sur une sous-cohorte de 3 914 individus non fumeurs a été réalisé pendant 10 années (1 977-1987).…”

Section: B) Effets Chroniquesunclassified

Effets respiratoires de l'ozone chez l'homme

Bignon¹,

Zmirou²,

Brochard³

1994

Pollution Atmosphérique

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RÉSUMÉIl est souvent difficile de cerner les priorités dans le champ des relations entre " pollution et santé " . Dans les sociétés industrielles modernes , les problèmes de santé respirato ire liés à la pollution atmosphérique sont devenus plus comple xes , dans la mesure où ils concernent souvent des expositions moins apparentes et souvent à doses modérées. En effet, la pollution par les fumées noires et le dioxyde de soufre provenant de la combustion de charbons et fuels est actuellement relativement bien contrôlée dans la majorité des Etats Membres de la CEE . Par contre , la croissance de la circulation automobile~permis le développement très insidieux d'un nouveau type de nuisance respiratoire: la pollution photooxydante. Mis à part certains pics de pollution ressentis comme une gêne pour les citadins , la moyenne des concentrations est relativement modérée , de telle sorte que le risque est banalisé , le danger immédiat ne paraissant pas suffisamment menaçant pour que l'on envisage de se passer de son automobile. Néanmoins, afin de diminuer le rejet des polluants, une limitation de la circulation automobile et de la vitesse a été mise en place dans certaines villes de la CEE (Athènes , Milan , Rome ...).L'ozone d'origine anthropique provient essentiellement dans nos régions de la transformation des gaz d'échap-pement automobile. La toxicité biologique de ce gaz est connue depuis sa découverte en 1851 (Bates, 1989).Malgré cela, les incertitudes concernant ses effets chez l'homme illustrent bien les difficultés et limites rencontrées dans le champ des sciences de l'environnement, quand il s'agit d'étudier les retombées sanitaires pour la population générale de l'exposition à doses modérées d'un polluant spécifique. Et pourtant , pour l'ozone, il est devenu prioritaire de cerner la réalité du ou des risques! L'ozone, un paradoxe: pas assez en haut, trop en bas! L'ozone est un problème de grande actualité en raison de sa diminution dans la stratosphère . La presse scientifique, amplifiée par les médias , fait des commentaires , parfois contradictoires, mais

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Symptom Effects of Long-Term Cumulative Exposure to Ambient Levels of Total Oxidants and Nitrogen Dioxide in California Seventh-day Adventist Residents

Cited by 77 publications

References 36 publications

Epidemiologic estimate of the proportion of fatalities related to occupational factors in Finland

Epidemiologic estimate of the proportion of fatalities related to occupational factors in Finland

Childhood respiratory symptoms, hospital admissions, and long-term exposure to airborne particulate matter

Effets respiratoires de l'ozone chez l'homme

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