Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Copd) and Complications With Covid-19: An Integrative Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: COPD is presented as the third cause of death, with about 300 million people diagnosed in the world, defined as the presence of persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation due to abnormalities in the airways and/or alveoli. Associated with Covid19, carriers may have lung complications and heart muscle atrophy, allowing the virus to invade the heart and compromise lung function. Goal: The present study aims to describe the complications found in patients with COPD contaminated by the coronavirus. Materials and methods: This is an integrative literature review, using electronic databases: National Library of Medicine (PubMED), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), in combination with the Boolean operator: "COPD complications AND covid 19", after being evaluated, 09 articles were selected for the sample composition. Results and Discussion: It is noticed that in the scientific literature, patients associated with complications of COPD and with a prognosis of COVID-19, had decreased lung function, with signs of emphysema and pneumonia. Consequently, there is the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines correlated with the frequent diffuse alveolar lesions, with implications for a greater amount of hypoxemia, tachypnea and confusional symptoms, with the presence of snoring and wheezing on pulmonary auscultation. The integration of these elements refer to a worse prognosis for patients and a higher mortality rate. Final considerations: Therefore, existing COPD worsens in its progression and the prognosis in the presence of COVID-19 due to the inability to circulate air and capture oxygen, caused by lung abnormalities, impairing lung ventilation, leading to a series of complications and even heart failure. multiple organs.