Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and COVID-19: interrelationships

Singh, Dave; Mathioudakis, Alexander G.; Higham, Andrew

doi:10.1097/mcp.0000000000000834

Cited by 57 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Studies have been suggested that an increase in the abundance of Actinobacteria and Firmicutes and reduction in Bacteroidota and Proteobacteria trigger chronic respiratory diseases, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), as well as respiratory virus infection in smokers than non-smokers [ 76 , 77 ]. COPD enhances the risk of serious illness in COVID-19 patients [ 78 , 79 ]. Whittle et al performed a comprehensive evaluation of the blood microbiome in healthy and asthmatic individuals and found, at the phylum level, the blood microbiome was predominately composed of Proteobacteria , Actinobacteria , Firmicutes , and Bacteroidetes [ 64 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Microbiome in COVID-19 Subjects: An Indicator of Gut Barrier Defects and Dysbiosis

Prasad

Patton

Floyd

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The gut is a well-established route of infection and target for viral damage by SARS-CoV-2. This is supported by the clinical observation that about half of COVID-19 patients exhibit gastrointestinal (GI) complications. We aimed to investigate whether the analysis of plasma could provide insight into gut barrier dysfunction in patients with COVID-19 infection. Plasma samples of COVID-19 patients (n = 146) and healthy individuals (n = 47) were collected during hospitalization and routine visits. Plasma microbiome was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing and gut permeability markers including fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2), peptidoglycan (PGN), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in both patient cohorts. Plasma samples of both cohorts contained predominately Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroides, and Actinobacteria. COVID-19 subjects exhibit significant dysbiosis (p = 0.001) of the plasma microbiome with increased abundance of Actinobacteria spp. (p = 0.0332), decreased abundance of Bacteroides spp. (p = 0.0003), and an increased Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio (p = 0.0003) compared to healthy subjects. The concentration of the plasma gut permeability marker FABP2 (p = 0.0013) and the gut microbial antigens PGN (p < 0.0001) and LPS (p = 0.0049) were significantly elevated in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy subjects. These findings support the notion that the intestine may represent a source for bacteremia and contribute to worsening COVID-19 outcomes. Therapies targeting the gut and prevention of gut barrier defects may represent a strategy to improve outcomes in COVID-19 patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Microbiome in COVID-19 Subjects: An Indicator of Gut Barrier Defects and Dysbiosis

Prasad

Patton

Floyd

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…While it has been shown that a wide range of comorbidities has an impact COVID-19 outcomes; there has been a great effort to define the specific contributions of comorbidities in their impact on COVID-19 morbidity and mortality rates ( 4 – 7 ). Comorbidities such as hypertension ( 8 ), diabetes mellitus ( 9 ), chronic kidney disease (CKD) ( 10 ), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) ( 11 ), and cardiovascular disease or coronary heart disease (CHD) ( 12 ) among others, have important repercussions on COVID-19 outcomes. However, there are also a variety of reasons for which to consider some sociodemographic factors as deleterious.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comorbidities, sociodemographic factors, and determinants of health on COVID-19 fatalities in the United States

Gerken

Zapata

Kuivinen

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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Previous studies have evaluated comorbidities and sociodemographic factors individually or by type but not comprehensively. This study aims to analyze the influence of a wide variety of factors in a single study to better understand the big picture of their effects on case-fatalities. This cross-sectional study used county-level comorbidities, social determinants of health such as income and race, measures of preventive healthcare, age, education level, average household size, population density, and political voting patterns were all evaluated on a national and regional basis. Analysis was performed through Generalized Additive Models and adjusted by the COVID-19 Community Vulnerability Index (CCVI). Effect estimates of COVID-19 fatality rates for risk factors such as comorbidities, sociodemographic factors and determinant of health. Factors associated with reducing COVID-19 fatality rates were mostly sociodemographic factors such as age, education and income, and preventive health measures. Obesity, minimal leisurely activity, binge drinking, and higher rates of individuals taking high blood pressure medication were associated with increased case fatality rate in a county. Political leaning influenced case case-fatality rates. Regional trends showed contrasting effects where larger household size was protective in the Midwest, yet harmful in Northeast. Notably, higher rates of respiratory comorbidities such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) diagnosis were associated with reduced case-fatality rates in the Northeast. Increased rates of chronic kidney disease (CKD) within counties were often the strongest predictor of increased case-fatality rates for several regions. Our findings highlight the importance of considering the full context when evaluating contributing factors to case-fatality rates. The spectrum of factors identified in this study must be analyzed in the context of one another and not in isolation.

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“…While it has been shown that a wide range of comorbidities has an impact COVID-19 outcomes; there has been a great effort to define the specific contributions of comorbidities in their impact on COVID-19 morbidity and mortality rates 4–7 . Comorbidities such as hypertension 8 , diabetes mellitus 9 , chronic kidney disease 10 , chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 11 , and cardiovascular disease 12 among others, have important repercussions on COVID-19 outcomes. However, there are also a variety of reasons for which to consider some sociodemographic factors as deleterious, such as lacking healthcare insurance, being of a specific racial background 7,13 , or even voting patterns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comorbidities and sociodemographic factors on COVID-19 fatalities

Gerken

Zapata

Kuivinen

et al. 2022

Preprint

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IntroductionPrevious studies have evaluated comorbidities and sociodemographic factors individually or by type but not comprehensively. This study aims to analyze the influence of a wide variety of factors in a single study to better understand the big picture of their effects on case-fatalities.MethodsCounty-level comorbidities, social determinants of health such as income and race, measures of preventive healthcare, age, education level, average household size, population density, and political voting patterns were all evaluated on a national and regional basis. Analysis was performed through Generalized Additive Models and adjusted by CCVI.ResultsFactors associated with reducing COVID-19 case fatality rates were mostly sociodemographic factors such as age, education and income, and preventive health measures. Obesity, minimal leisurely activity, binge drinking, and higher rates of individuals taking high blood pressure medication were associated with increased case fatality rate in a county. Political leaning influences case case-fatality rates. Regional trends showed contrasting effects where larger household size was protective in the Midwest, yet harmful in Northeast. Notably, higher rates of respiratory comorbidities such as asthma and COPD diagnosis were associated with reduced case-fatality rates in the Northeast. Increased rates of CKD within counties were often the strongest predictor of increased case-fatality rates for several regions.ConclusionOur findings highlight the importance of considering the full context when evaluating contributing factors to case-fatality rates. The spectrum of factors identified in this study must be analyzed in the context of one another and not in isolation.

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and COVID-19: interrelationships

Cited by 57 publications

References 74 publications

Plasma Microbiome in COVID-19 Subjects: An Indicator of Gut Barrier Defects and Dysbiosis

Plasma Microbiome in COVID-19 Subjects: An Indicator of Gut Barrier Defects and Dysbiosis

Comorbidities, sociodemographic factors, and determinants of health on COVID-19 fatalities in the United States

Comorbidities and sociodemographic factors on COVID-19 fatalities

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