Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a review

Mair, T. S.; Derksen, F. J.

doi:10.1111/j.2042-3292.2000.tb01762.x

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 65 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, veterinary recommendations regarding changes to environmental management practices in an effort to limit dust exposure often receive poor owner compliance because of challenges with implementation, and medical treatment, primarily corticosteroids to decrease airway inflammation is the preferred option for many clients …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nebulized dexamethasone on the respiratory microbiota and mycobiota and relative equine herpesvirus‐1, 2, 4, 5 in an equine model of asthma

Bond

Workentine

Hundt

et al. 2019

Veterinary Internal Medicne

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Prolonged exposure to environmental antigens or allergens elicits an immune response in both healthy horses and those with mild asthma. Corticosteroids often are used to treat lower airway inflammation.Objective: To investigate the changes in equine herpesvirus (EHV)-1,2,4,5 glycoprotein B gene expression and changes in respiratory bacterial and fungal communities after nebulized dexamethasone treatment of horses with asthma.Animals: Horses with naturally occurring mild asthma (n = 16) and healthy control horses (n = 4).Methods: Prospective, randomized, controlled, blinded clinical trial. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of EHV-1,2,4,5 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and 16S (microbiome) and ITS2 (mycobiome) genes with subsequent sequencing was performed on DNA extracted from nasal swabs and transendoscopic tracheal aspirates before and after 13 days treatment with nebulized dexamethasone (15 mg q24h) and saline (control).Results: Nebulized dexamethasone treatment decreased microbial diversity; relative abundance of 8 genera in the upper respiratory tract were altered. For both the microbiota and the mycobiota, environment had a dominant effect over treatment.Alternaria, an opportunistic pathogen and allergen in humans recognized as a risk factor for asthma, asthma severity, and exacerbations, was increased with treatment.Treatment affected relative quantification of the equine gamma herpesviruses (EHV-2 and -5); EHV-2 DNA levels increased and those of EHV-5 decreased.Conclusions: Nebulized dexamethasone treatment affected the upper respiratory tract microbiota, but not the mycobiota, which was overwhelmed by the effect of a sustained dusty environment. K E Y W O R D S equine herpesvirus, mild equine asthma, qPCR, respirable dust, REST analysis Abbreviations: EHV, equine herpesvirus; BALF, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; OTU, operational taxonomic unit; PCoA, principal coordinates analysis.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nebulized dexamethasone on the respiratory microbiota and mycobiota and relative equine herpesvirus‐1, 2, 4, 5 in an equine model of asthma

Bond

Workentine

Hundt

et al. 2019

Veterinary Internal Medicne

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In horses, IDT has been used to evaluate the role of allergens in atopic dermatitis, 5–7 insect bite hypersensitivity, 8–10 urticaria, 6,7,11,12 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/recurrent airway obstruction, 7,11,13,14 and head shaking 15 . A significant limitation of equine IDT has been a high frequency of apparent false positive reactions, as detected in clinically normal (control) horses 6,7,11,16–18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4 Thus, IDT may allow identification of allergens responsible for, or contributing to, type 1 hypersensitivity conditions and subsequent selection of allergens for immunotherapy for affected individuals. 3,4 In horses, IDT has been used to evaluate the role of allergens in atopic dermatitis, [5][6][7] insect bite hypersensitivity, [8][9][10] urticaria, 6,7,11,12 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/recurrent airway obstruction, 7,11,13,14 and head shaking. 15 A significant limitation of equine IDT has been a high frequency of apparent false positive reactions, as detected in clinically normal (control) horses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of threshold concentrations of multiple allergenic extracts for equine intradermal testing using normal horses in three seasons

Baxter

Vogelnest

2008

Veterinary Dermatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Forty-one normal horses were evaluated for reactivity to intradermally injected aqueous allergens to determine allergen threshold concentrations (TC), with potential relevance to equine intradermal testing (IDT). Horses were tested three times over 1 year to assess seasonal variation in reactivity, using three to five serial dilutions of 27 allergens each time. Injection sites were evaluated after 15 min, 1 h, 4 h and 24 h. The highest allergen concentration at which < 10% of horses demonstrated positive reactivity (subjective score of > or = 2, scale of 0 to 4) at 15 min was considered the TC. The TC was determined for nine pollens (2000 to > 6000 PNU mL(-1)), four moulds (4000 to > 6000 PNU mL(-1)), seven insects (ant, horse fly 125 PNU mL(-1); house fly, cockroach 250 PNU mL(-1); moth 60 PNU mL(-1); mosquito 1000 PNU mL(-1); Culicoides nebeculosis 1 : 5000 w v(-1)) and three of four storage mites (1 : 10,000 w v(-1)). The TC was not determined due to excessive reactivity at the lowest concentrations tested for dust mites (Dermatophagoides farinae [< 1 : 12,000 w v(-1)], D. pteronyssinus [< 1 : 30,000 w v(-1)]), and Acarus siro (< 1 : 10,000 w v(-1)). Minor variation in the TC for specific allergens occurred in different seasons. Progressive sensitization with repeat testing occurred for grain mill dust mix. Positive reactivity at 1 h and 4 h occurred in > 10% of horses for nine of 19 allergens (pollens, mosquito, storage mites) at their determined TC. Positive reactivity was rare at 24 h. This study in normal horses suggests that appropriate testing concentrations of allergens for equine IDT in atopic horses may be > or = 1000 PNU mL(-1) for pollens and moulds, 60 to 250 PNU mL(-1) for most insects and < 1 : 12,000 w v(-1) for dust mites; and that reactions at 1-4 h may be insignificant.

show abstract

“…The exposure of susceptible horses to hay and straw containing dust can initiate inflammation in the lower airways (Fairbairn et al 1993). Tracheal aspirates contain a large number of immune cells, particularly neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes (Hoffman 1999, Mair andDerksen 2000). In the current report, recurrent airway obstruction was diagnosed due to the respiratory clinical signs (Snapper 1986, Mair andDerksen 2000), and may predispose the horse to N. nova infection.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Tracheal aspirates contain a large number of immune cells, particularly neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes (Hoffman 1999, Mair andDerksen 2000). In the current report, recurrent airway obstruction was diagnosed due to the respiratory clinical signs (Snapper 1986, Mair andDerksen 2000), and may predispose the horse to N. nova infection. Although human asthma and recurrent airway obstruction in horses do not share the same characteristics, the former is considered one of the main factors predisposing humans to pulmonary nocardiosis (Beaman and Beaman 1994).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Nocardia nova identification in a transtracheal wash of a horse with recurrent airway obstruction

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a review

Cited by 22 publications

References 65 publications

Effects of nebulized dexamethasone on the respiratory microbiota and mycobiota and relative equine herpesvirus‐1, 2, 4, 5 in an equine model of asthma

Effects of nebulized dexamethasone on the respiratory microbiota and mycobiota and relative equine herpesvirus‐1, 2, 4, 5 in an equine model of asthma

Determination of threshold concentrations of multiple allergenic extracts for equine intradermal testing using normal horses in three seasons

Nocardia nova identification in a transtracheal wash of a horse with recurrent airway obstruction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About