Chronic Moderate Hypoxia and Protein Malnutrition Both Induce Growth Retardation, But Have Distinct Effects on Arterial Endothelium-Dependent Reactivity in the Chicken Embryo

Ruijtenbeek, K.; Kessels, Lilian; Mey, Jo G. R. De; Blanco, Carlos E.

doi:10.1203/01.pdr.0000055770.07236.98

Cited by 51 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Hypoxia directly impairs endothelial cell function including the expression of vasoactive substances and matrix proteins involved in vascular tone (6). Our finding that chronic hypoxia increased ventricular afterload represented by input and peripheral impedance is consistent with dysregulated angiogenesis and the increase in arterial resistance noted following hypoxia in the fetus (3,4,6,50). One paradox of developing CV systems is that the structurally and functionally immature embryonic myocardium is coupled to an immature vasculature with relatively high impedance versus the mature circulation (10).…”

supporting

confidence: 63%

Impact of Hypoxia on Early Chick Embryo Growth and Cardiovascular Function

et al. 2006

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Oxygen tension is a critical factor for appropriate embryonic and fetal development. Chronic hypoxia exposure alters cardiovascular (CV) function and structure in the late fetus and newborn, yet the immature myocardium is considered to be less sensitive to hypoxia than the mature heart. We tested the hypothesis that hypoxia during the period of primary CV morphogenesis impairs immature embryonic CV function and embryo growth. We incubated fertile white Leghorn chick embryos in 15% oxygen (hypoxia) or 21% oxygen (control) until Hamburger-Hamilton stage 21 (3.5 d). We assessed in ovo viability and dysmorphic features and then measured ventricular pressure and dimensions and dorsal aortic arterial impedance at stage 21. Chronic hypoxia decreased viability and embryonic wet weight. Chronic hypoxia did not alter heart rate or the ventricular diastolic indices of end-diastolic pressure, maximum ventricular -dP/dt, or tau. Chronic hypoxia decreased maximum ventricular ϩdP/dt and peak pressure, increased ventricular end-systolic volume, and decreased ventricular ejection fraction, consistent with depressed systolic function. Arterial afterload (peripheral resistance) increased and both dorsal aortic SV and steady-state hydraulic power decreased in response to hypoxia. Thus, reduced oxygen tension during early cardiac development depresses ventricular function, increases ventricular impedance (afterload), delays growth, and decreases embryo survival, suggesting that a critical threshold of oxygen tension is required to support morphogenesis and cardiovascular function in the early embryo. (Pediatr Res 59: 116-120, 2006)

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confidence: 63%

Impact of Hypoxia on Early Chick Embryo Growth and Cardiovascular Function

et al. 2006

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“…The CAM arrested its growth after ED 14 for the hypoxia group, which is in accordance with Ruijtenbeek et al (2003) who found that chronic hypoxia has a negative impact on growth and birth weight.…”

Section: Complexities On the Influence Of Hypoxiasupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Chronic hypoxia during prenatal development is one of the possible factors which will lead to intrauterine growth retardation and influence the susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases (Ruijtenbeek et al, 2003). Even without long-term hypoxic incubation conditions, the chicken embryo may suffer from a period of critical hypoxia in the second half of the incubation.…”

Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chicken embryo is often used as a model to investigate the different mechanisms in the developmental origins of health and disease in humans, since early development of mammalian and bird embryos is very similar. The advantage of working with chicken embryos is the feasibility of development independent of the mother, in incubators in which the environmental parameters can be controlled (Ruijtenbeek et al, 2003). This methodology might be useful in for example studies investigating the mechanisms of placental hyperoxia which causes intrauterine growth retardation (Ancar and Chardonnens, 2003).…”

Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fetal origin of adult disease paradigm describes the importance of the conditions during development on health in adult life (Barker, 1995;Gluckman and Hanson, 2004;Ruijtenbeek et al, 2003). Moreover, due to selection for rapid growth and the associated reduction in slaughter age, the embryonic period becomes a relative greater proportion of the chicken life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a fast, objective, quantitative methodology to monitor angiogenesis in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane during development

Verhoelst¹,

Ketelaere²,

Bruggeman³

et al. 2011

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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Recent research investigates the role of different gas concentrations during incubation, on chicken growth, quality and health post hatch. One of the parameters of chicken development which changes under different gas concentrations is angiogenesis in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). To be able to perform large incubation experiments under different conditions, angiogenesis in the whole CAM must be quantified objectively and easily. In this paper, a fast, objective, quantitative methodology to assess changes in the overall vascular development in the CAM of chicken embryos is presented. Samples were taken with minimal disturbance by emptying the egg, so that the CAM stayed attached to the shell, which was then cut in pieces. We employed a commercial digital camera and a macro lens set at 5x magnification to take pictures with sufficient contrast and resolution (2.64 m/pixel). These were processed with computer algorithms to calculate the vascular fraction (VF) and the fractal dimension (FD) automatically on binary images. The ratio of the repeatability and reproducibility variation compared to the parts variation was 0.32 for VF and 0.21 for FD. In a validation experiment (n=284), one group was incubated under hypoxic conditions and the other under normoxic conditions. It was shown that early hypoxia stimulated angiogenesis, while chronic hypoxia impeded growth with significant differences between both groups, which is in accordance with literature data. Thus, we report here a method to asses overall angiogenesis in the CAM under different incubation conditions.

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The effect of early prenatal hypercapnia on the vascular network in the chorioallantoic membrane of the chicken embryo

Verhoelst

Ketelaere

Decuypere

et al. 2011

Biotechnology Progress

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Over the last decade, the poultry sector has sought to develop novel ways to monitor chicken embryonic growth, health, and quality to control and optimize egg incubation conditions, particularly the concentration of dissolved gases (O(2), CO(2)). One of the parameters, which may change under different gas concentrations, is the angiogenesis in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), the organ for gas exchange of the chicken embryo. In this study, a newly developed methodology was used to quantify the angiogenesis in the CAM under normal and early hypercapnic conditions (i.e., increased CO(2) concentrations). Two experiments were conducted in which the same CO(2) profile was applied. The development of the vascular system was monitored from embryonic day (ED) 10 until ED 14 in Experiment 1, and until ED 16 in Experiment 2. This development was characterized by two different parameters-the vascular fraction (VF) as a measure for the density of the vascular network and the fractal dimension (FD) as a measure for the degree of branching of the vascular network. Moreover, in Experiment 2, embryo weights were compared between both groups. The proposed methodology showed that differences in the development of the vascular system could be observed across groups but also as function of the ED. Both VF and FD and the embryo weights were shown to be higher in the hypercapnia group compared to the control group.

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Chronic Moderate Hypoxia and Protein Malnutrition Both Induce Growth Retardation, But Have Distinct Effects on Arterial Endothelium-Dependent Reactivity in the Chicken Embryo

Cited by 51 publications

References 34 publications

Impact of Hypoxia on Early Chick Embryo Growth and Cardiovascular Function

Impact of Hypoxia on Early Chick Embryo Growth and Cardiovascular Function

Development of a fast, objective, quantitative methodology to monitor angiogenesis in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane during development

The effect of early prenatal hypercapnia on the vascular network in the chorioallantoic membrane of the chicken embryo

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