Chronic malnutrition: protein metabolism

Jackson, Alan A.

doi:10.1079/pns19930031

Cited by 32 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This relationship could reflect a control mechanism to prevent a loss of nitrogen, which could be retained via net incorporation into body proteins (17,23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of medium-chain fatty acids on body composition and protien metabolism in overweight rats

Simón

Fernández‐Quintela

Portillo

et al. 2000

J. Physiol. Biochem.

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The lack of efficiency of classical treatments for obesity has led to propose alternative strategies. In order to obtain information about the effects of dietary fatty acid composition on body fat and protein metabolism, overweight female rats were fed on isoenergetic diets, using either medium-chain (MCT) or long-chain (LCT) triglycerides as a lipid source. After 23 days, the MCT group had mildly decreased body weight but greatly reduced adipose tissue depots. All fat depots were significantly diminished. MCT-fed rats showed a decrease in some hormones involved in energy balance, such as leptin and triiodothyronine. Feeding MCT resulted in improvements in nitrogen balance. Muscle protein content was similar in both treatments despite an increase in protein degradation in the MCT group. The present data clearly show that a diet with MCT as lipid fuel depresses weight gain and fat stores, relative to a standard LCT diet.

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“…This relationship could reflect a control mechanism to prevent a loss of nitrogen, which could be retained via net incorporation into body proteins (17,23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of medium-chain fatty acids on body composition and protien metabolism in overweight rats

Simón

Fernández‐Quintela

Portillo

et al. 2000

J. Physiol. Biochem.

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“…Clearly, this would be insufficient to balance the fasting loss of 60 mg of N kg-1 and so the subjects would remain presumably in a marked daily negative N balance. This further assumes that the N loss is equivalent essentially to the rate of net urea production (or urea production from nonrecycled N), which we believe to be the case (41), but if the latter rate is higher, as some have suggested (42), then the subjects would be in even greater negative N balance. Thus, from these N excretion data, it can be concluded that a minimum intake of about 29 mg of lysine kg-1 during the day would be required, assuming the Proc.…”

Section: Other Considerations and Counterargumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can amino acid requirements for nutritional maintenance in adult humans be approximated from the amino acid composition of body mixed proteins?

Young

El-Khoury

1995

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The quantitative needs for the dietary indispensable amino acids in adult human protein nutrition are still poorly established. Tracer studies with 13C-labeled amino acids have been undertaken previously in our laboratories to reevaluate and further determine the minimum physiological needs for selected indispensable amino acids in healthy adult volunteers. For those amino acids that have not yet been studied by this approach we have proposed a tentative set of requirement figures based on considerations ofthe amino acid composition of body mixed proteins and the rate of obligatory amino acid losses (i.e., losses when the diet contains no proteins or amino acids). Here we provide an argument for, and a justification of, this approach as an interim measure until more comprehensive data become available on the quantitative aspects of amino acid metabolism in healthy humans.

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“…The factors which determine the rate of salvage have been outlined elsewhere, but in general can be characterized as being determined by the balance between the metabolic demand for amino acids and the dietary intake of protein (Jackson, 1993). For a fixed demand salvage increases as intake falls; for a fixed intake salvage increases as demand increases (Jackson & Wootton, 1990).…”

Section: Nitrogen F O R the Microfloramentioning

confidence: 99%

Salvage of urea-nitrogen and protein requirements

Jackson

1995

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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The metabolism of N in the colon is dominated in quantitative terms by the metabolic activity of the microflora. The microflora are not found exclusively in the colon, as there are increasing numbers in the terminal ileum towards the ileocaecal valve; however, the working approximation is that functionally significant activity is colonic. There is a complex, and as yet inadequately defined, interaction of the luminal, mucosal and intramucosal populations of bacteria which is almost certainly of functional relevance. As for all organisms, the metabolic profile of the microflora is determined by the availability of substrate, which gives rise to an interdependence of protein, amino acid and N metabolism with the availability of energy; but for the practical purposes of the present analysis the reasonable assumption has been made that for all the work quoted, energy and other nutrients are not limiting.In general bacteria utilize NH3 as their preferred source of N, and other forms of protein or amino acids are reduced to NH3 before being used metabolically. The microflora represent a complex ecosystem, with aspects of a continuous-flow culture.

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Chronic malnutrition: protein metabolism

Cited by 32 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of medium-chain fatty acids on body composition and protien metabolism in overweight rats

Effects of medium-chain fatty acids on body composition and protien metabolism in overweight rats

Can amino acid requirements for nutritional maintenance in adult humans be approximated from the amino acid composition of body mixed proteins?

Salvage of urea-nitrogen and protein requirements

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