Chronic inhalation study in rats, using cigarettes containing different amounts of cytrell tobacco supplement

Coggins, Christopher R. E.; Lam, R.; Morgan, K.T.

doi:10.1016/0300-483x(81)90023-8

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This relationship is further substantiated by the fact that in the cellulose group effects were similar to those observed in the 1R4F-high group-both test atmospheres contained a similar amount of irritative aldehydes, although the cellulose smoke was applied at a lower TPM concentration (500 mg=L instead of 750 mg=L). This is in contrast to a previous study performed by Coggins and colleagues showing weaker histopathological changes in the rat nose after cellulose smoke exposure than after tobacco smoke exposure [61].…”

Section: Cigarette Smoke-induced Lung Inflammation In Rats 171contrasting

confidence: 84%

Lung Inflammation in Rats Following Subchronic Exposure to Cigarette Mainstream Smoke

Friedrichs

Miert²,

Vanscheeuwijck³

2006

Experimental Lung Research

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Female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to mainstream smoke from standard reference cigarettes and a nontobacco cellulose cigarette for 35 days. Whole smoke and smoke fractions were investigated. Lung inflammation was evaluated by differentiation of bronchoalveolar lavage cells and lymphocytes in thoracic lymph nodes. Histopathological changes in the nose and larynx were assessed. Results showed that the particulate phase of cigarette mainstream smoke is mostly responsible for inflammation in the lung (neutrophil increase up to 240-fold) and hyperplastic and metaplastic epithelial changes in the larynx, whereas irritative volatile constituents in the gas phase are mostly responsible for changes in the nose.

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Section: Cigarette Smoke-induced Lung Inflammation In Rats 171contrasting

confidence: 84%

Lung Inflammation in Rats Following Subchronic Exposure to Cigarette Mainstream Smoke

Friedrichs

Miert²,

Vanscheeuwijck³

2006

Experimental Lung Research

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“…The histopathological changes and their incidences and severities were identical to those re orted previously (Coggins et al, 1982a. Consequently only b r i e f descriptions will be made.…”

Section: Histopathologymentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Sprague-Dawley rats were chosen as the experimental animal because they have been used frequently in inhalation studies with complex mixtures, so there is a large amount of background data available in the scientific literature (e.g., Coggins et al, 1982aCoggins et al, , 1982b). The test system has been described in detail elsewhere .…”

Section: Experimental Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Inhalation Study in Rats, Using a Second Prototype of a Cigarette that Heats Rather than Burns Tobacco

Coggins

Ayres

Mosberg

et al. 1989

Inhalation Toxicology

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Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed nose-only for 1 h/day on weekdays for 13 weeks to the smoke from test and reference cigarettes. The test cigarette was a new prototype: the tobacco is heated rather than burned. The University of Kentucky lR4F cigarette was used as a reference. The exposures used were around 25% higher than those used in earlier studies, and for the test cigarette the resulting blood carboxyhemoglobin concentrations approached those associated with death (62 + %). The smoke from the reference cigarette produced substantial reductions in breathing frequency, whereas the smoke from the test cigarette did not. The availability of nicotine from test and reference cigarettes was very similar. The histopathology seen (mucus-secreting cells; nasal, laryngeal, and bronchial hyperplasia and squamous metaplasia, pulmonary macrophages) indicated that most of the changes observed in the reference animals were absent in the test animals. When changes were seen in the test groups (primarily in the larynx), they were substantially reduced when compared with the reference groups and were completely reversible.The authors thank

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“…BAUMGARTNER and COGGINS considered their smoking/ inhalation machine to meet the requirements compiled at the 1974 Tobacco Smoke Inhalation Workshop (342). The machine was manufactured and marketed by Aeromechanique AMESA, Châtelaine, Geneva (Switzerland) and called -in later publications -Battelle Mk III (353,354) or AMESA Mark III (A) (355,356). 5 The elaborate chemical evaluation of the smoke in undiluted and diluted form, generated in this system (352), was reported by BRIGGS et al (357).…”

Section: Smoke Generation and Exposure In Inhalation Studies With Rodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a full tumorigenicity experiment with mice COGGINS et al (359) used cigarette smoke condensate, trapped in acetone, for skin painting for a period of 104 weeks. A chronic 18-month inhalation study was performed by COGGINS et al (353) with rats. In both studies, the reduction of toxicological effects was approximately proportional to the levels of included tobacco substitute.…”

Section: Smoke Generation and Exposure In Inhalation Studies With Rodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette Mainstream Smoke: The Evolution of Methods and Devices for Generation, Exposure and Collection

Klus¹,

Boenke-Nimphius²,

Müller

2016

Beiträge Zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research

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SUMMARYThe objective of this review is to support tobacco scientists when evaluating information published on smoking machines, and on cigarette mainstream smoke (in vivo and in vitro) exposure systems and collection devices. The intriguing development of smoking machines (mainly for cigarettes) is followed for more than 170 years -from the first simple set-ups in the 1840s to the sophisticated and fully automated analytical smoking machines available today. Systems for the large-scale production of smoke (condensate) for preparative work are equally considered. The standardization of machine smoking methods and test pieces has solved several technical problems and produced sensible rules but, at the same time, given rise to new controversies like the compatibility of artificial and human smoking, and the implementation of more intense machine smoking regimes. Adequate space is allotted for the discussion of configurations for in vivo smoke exposure of rodent and non-rodent species and the machines generating the required smoke (condensate). Covered as well is the field of in vitro toxicity testing, including the increasingly informative new techniques of air-liquid interface exposure, which are becoming more and more refined with the use of organotypic cultures and genetic analyses. The review is completed by the examination of the considerable variety of mainstream smoke collection devices (filters and traps) developed over time -some for very specific purposes -and refers to the perpetual problem of artifact formation by aging.

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Chronic inhalation study in rats, using cigarettes containing different amounts of cytrell tobacco supplement

Cited by 28 publications

References 6 publications

Lung Inflammation in Rats Following Subchronic Exposure to Cigarette Mainstream Smoke

Lung Inflammation in Rats Following Subchronic Exposure to Cigarette Mainstream Smoke

Comparative Inhalation Study in Rats, Using a Second Prototype of a Cigarette that Heats Rather than Burns Tobacco

Cigarette Mainstream Smoke: The Evolution of Methods and Devices for Generation, Exposure and Collection

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