Chronic inflammation and the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis

Witkowska–Sędek, Ewelina; Pyrżak, Beata

doi:10.5114/ceji.2020.103422

Cited by 33 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Interactions between IGF‐I and the immune system are complex, bidirectional, and have not been fully explained. Evidence suggests that IGF‐I could modulate the inflammatory response and the activity of systemic inflammation in males (O'Connor et al, 2008 ; Witkowska‐Sędek & Pyrżak, 2020 ) and a cooperation between peripheral and central IGF‐1 has been described in a male mouse traumatic brain injury model. Nonetheless, only when additional exogenous administration of IGF‐1 was provided, the sensorimotor function was fully restored (Santi et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IGF‐1 regulates astrocytic phagocytosis and inflammation through the p110α isoform of PI3K in a sex‐specific manner

Pinto‐Benito

Paradela-Leal

Ganchala

et al. 2022

Glia

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Insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) signaling plays a key role in neuroinflammation. Here we show that IGF‐1 also regulates phagocytosis of reactive astrocytes through p110α isoform of phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K), differentially in both sexes. Systemic bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐treatment increased the expression of GFAP, a reactive astrocyte marker, in the cortex of mice in both sexes and was blocked by IGF‐1 only in males. In primary astrocytes, LPS enhanced the mRNA expression of Toll‐like receptors (TLR2,4) and proinflammatory factors: inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), chemokine interferon‐γ‐inducible protein‐10 (IP‐10) and cytokines (IL‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐10) in male and female. Treatment with IGF‐1 counteracted TLR4 but not TLR2, iNOS, and IP10 expression in both sexes and cytokines expression in males. Furthermore, reactive astrocyte phagocytosis was modulated by IGF‐1 only in male astrocytes. IGF‐1 was also able to increase AKT‐phosphorylation only in male astrocytes. PI3K inhibitors, AG66, TGX‐221, and CAL‐101, with selectivity toward catalytic p110α, p110β, and p110δ isoforms respectively, reduced AKT‐phosphorylation in males. All isoforms interact physically with IGF‐1‐receptor in both sexes. However, the expression of p110α is higher in males while the expression of IGF‐1‐receptor is similar in male and female. AG66 suppressed the IGF‐1 effect on cytokine expression and counteracted the IGF‐1‐produced phagocytosis decrease in male reactive astrocytes. Results suggest that sex‐differences in the effect of IGF‐1 on the AKT‐phosphorylation could be due to a lower expression of the p110α in female and that IGF‐1‐effects on the inflammatory response and phagocytosis of male reactive astrocytes are mediated by p110α/PI3K subunit.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IGF‐1 regulates astrocytic phagocytosis and inflammation through the p110α isoform of PI3K in a sex‐specific manner

Pinto‐Benito

Paradela-Leal

Ganchala

et al. 2022

Glia

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“…While both, tnfa and tnfb , were postulated to be clearly involved as pro-inflammatory cytokines in the lymphocyte-mediated adaptive immune response of Nile tilapia by initiating apoptosis ( 96 ), more specific data are required in the future in a comparative approach. So far, Tnfa has been proposed in human patients as potential antagonistic pro-inflammatory cytokine counteracting some beneficial effects of Igf1 and impairing the activity of the Gh/Igf axis, e.g., in neurological and immunological disorders (reviewed by 97 , 98 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of seawater and freshwater challenges on the Gh/Igf system in the saline-tolerant blackchin tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron)

et al. 2022

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Prolactin (Prl) and growth hormone (Gh) as well as insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf1) are involved in the physiological adaptation of fish to varying salinities. The Igfs have been also ascribed other physiological roles during development, growth, reproduction and immune regulation. However, the main emphasis in the investigation of osmoregulatory responses has been the endocrine, liver-derived Igf1 route and local regulation within the liver and osmoregulatory organs. Few studies have focused on the impact of salinity alterations on the Gh/Igf-system within the neuroendocrine and immune systems and particularly in a salinity-tolerant species, such as the blackchin tilapia Sarotherodon melanotheron. This species is tolerant to hypersalinity and saline variations, but it is confronted by severe climate changes in the Saloum inverse estuary. Here we investigated bidirectional effects of increased salinity followed by its decrease on the gene regulation of prl, gh, igf1, igf2, Gh receptor and the tumor-necrosis factor a. A mixed population of sexually mature 14-month old blackchin tilapia adapted to freshwater were first exposed to seawater for one week and then to fresh water for another week. Brain, pituitary, head kidney and spleen were excised at 4 h, 1, 2, 3 and 7 days after both exposures and revealed differential expression patterns. This investigation should give us a better understanding of the role of the Gh/Igf system within the neuroendocrine and immune organs and the impact of bidirectional saline challenges on fish osmoregulation in non-osmoregulatory organs, notably the complex orchestration of growth factors and cytokines.

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“…Происходит синтез белков с нарушенной конформацией и биологической активностью, что способствует развитию апоптоза клетки и формированию биологической реакции воспаления. На начальных этапах воспалительных процессов продуцируются провоспалительные цитокины ФНО-α, ИЛ-1β, ИЛ-6 [23]. Кроме того, висцеральная жировая ткань способна экспрессировать гены, кодирующие синтез биологически активных веществ, таких как цитокины, ростовые факторы и компоненты комплемента [24].…”

Section: Neonatologyunclassified

Vitamin D status and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in newborns born to mothers with endocrine diseases

Verisokina

Klimov²,

Захарова

et al. 2022

Medicinskij sovet

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Introduction. Vitamin deficiency states are found in 50–80% of pregnant women. Vitamin D deficiency is hazardous because it significantly increases the risk of complications during pregnancy, childbirth, as well as its effect on the child’s condition. Aim. To analyse the relationships between vitamin D status and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6) in children born to mothers with endocrine pathology.Materials and methods. Clinical-anthropometric and laboratory examination included 218 newborns: 98 (45.0%) infants of obese mothers, 32 (14.7%) infants of gestational diabetic mothers with underlying obesity, 22 (10.1%) infants of gestational diabetic mothers, 31 (14.2%) infants of mothers with type I diabetes mellitus and 35 (16.0%) infants of mothers without obesity and signs of impaired glucose tolerance.Results. Severe calcidiol deficiency is more often recorded in infants born to mothers with obesity, gestational diabetes mellitus and type I diabetes mellitus than in infants born to mothers without endocrine pathology. Serum IL-1β level was 2.6 times higher in newborns born to mothers with obesity than in the newborns from the control group — 14.6 (4.7; 36.5) and 5.6 (1.5; 13. 8) pg/ml, respectively (p = 0.04), 2.8 times higher in those born to women with gestational diabetes mellitus with underlying obesity —15.7 (6.5; 54.3) pg/ml (p = 0.02), 4.5 times higher in those born to mothers with gestational diabetes — 25.4 (5.0; 40.5) pg/ml (p = 0.035), and 6.1 times higher in those born to mothers with type I diabetes — 34.3 (3.8; 61.3) pg/ml (p = 0.01). Newborns born to mothers with type 1 diabetes mellitus had a higher serum IL-6 level as compared to the control group — 48.2 (21.3; 75.6) and 20.2 (5.1; 53.2) pg/ml (p = 0.006).Conclusion. Overweight and impaired glucose tolerance in the mother negatively affect the vitamin D sufficiency status, and if a fetus experiences vitamin D deficiency, provoke excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in newborns.

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Chronic inflammation and the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis

Cited by 33 publications

References 101 publications

IGF‐1 regulates astrocytic phagocytosis and inflammation through the p110α isoform of PI3K in a sex‐specific manner

IGF‐1 regulates astrocytic phagocytosis and inflammation through the p110α isoform of PI3K in a sex‐specific manner

Effects of seawater and freshwater challenges on the Gh/Igf system in the saline-tolerant blackchin tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron)

Vitamin D status and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in newborns born to mothers with endocrine diseases

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