Chronic Inflammation and Progressive Calcification as a Result of Fat Necrosis

Mineda, Kazuhide; Kuno, Shinichiro; Kato, Harunosuke; Kinoshita, K.; Doi, Kentaro; Hashimoto, Ichiro; Nakanishi, Hideki; Yoshimura, Kotaro

doi:10.1097/prs.0000000000000097

Cited by 130 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…4B, black) surrounded by inflammatory infiltrate (Fig. 4B, red nuclei) (Hanami, Hiraiwa and Yamamoto, 2012;Mineda et al, 2014;Misumi et al, 2019). H&E staining also showed that IL-1R -/-vWAT had large, acellular regions surrounded by inflammatory infiltrate (Fig 4C).…”

Section: Il-1 R Signaling Protects Adipose and Liver From Acute Pathomentioning

confidence: 87%

Cachexia and fibrosis are costs of chronic IL-1R-mediated disease tolerance inT. gondiiinfection

Melchor

Hatter

Castillo

et al. 2019

Preprint

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IL-1R signaling drives a disease tolerance program that protects mice from tissue pathology during acute Toxoplasma gondii infection. However, extended IL-1R signaling drives chronic cachexia and perivascular fibrosis in the liver and skeletal muscle. AbstractCachexia is an immune-metabolic disease of progressive muscle wasting that impairs patient survival and quality of life across a range of chronic diseases. T. gondii is a protozoan parasite that causes lifelong infection in many warm-blooded organisms, including humans and mice. Here we show that mice infected with T.

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Section: Il-1 R Signaling Protects Adipose and Liver From Acute Pathomentioning

confidence: 87%

Cachexia and fibrosis are costs of chronic IL-1R-mediated disease tolerance inT. gondiiinfection

Melchor

Hatter

Castillo

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Neuber was the first author to describe the use of autologous fat as a filling material in 1893, and since the first attempts, the results of free fat autotransplantation have been disappointing [20]. Implanted fat resorbs at an unpredictable rate that ranges from 20% to 90%, requiring overcorrection and additional grafting [21]. Various studies have been performed to increase the survival of free fat grafts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Breast Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Transfected with the Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 Receptor CXCR4 Exhibit Enhanced Viability in Human Autologous Free Fat Grafts

Yin

et al. 2014

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background: The main complication of autologous free fat tissue transplantation is fat resorption and calcification due to the ischemic necrosis of fat. The promotion of transplant neovascularization soon after autologous free fat grafts may reduce these outcomes. In adulthood, stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and its membrane receptor C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) are involved in the homing and migration of multiple stem cell types, neovascularization, and cell proliferation. We hypothesized that CXCR4 may improve the long-term survival of free fat tissue transplants by recruiting endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and may therefore improve graft revascularization. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of human breast adipose-derived stem cells (HBASCs) transfected with the CXCR4 gene on the survival rate of human autologous free fat transplants in nude mice. Methods: Human breast adipose-derived stem cells (HBASCs) were expanded ex vivo for 3 passages, labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) and transfected with CXCR4 or left untransfected. Autologous fat tissues were mixed with the GFP-labeled, CXCR4-transfected HBASCs (group A), GFP-labeled HBASCs (group B), the known vascularization-promoting agent VEGF (group C), or medium (group D) and then injected subcutaneously into 32 nude mice at 4 spots in a random fashion. Six months later, the transplanted tissue volume and histology were evaluated, and neo-vascularization was quantified by counting the capillaries. CXCR4 and SDF-1α mRNA expression in the transplants was determined using real-time quantitative PCR analysis (qPCR). Results: The data revealed that the control (group D) transplant volume survival was 28.3 ± 4.5%. Mixing CXCR4-transfected (group A) and untransfected (group B) HBASCs significantly increased transplant volume survival (79.5 ± 8.3% and 67.2 ± 5.9%, respectively), whereas VEGF-transfected HBASCs (group C) were less effective (41.2 ± 5.1%). Histological analysis revealed that both types of HBASCs-treated transplants consisted predominantly of adipose tissue, unlike the control transplants, and also presented significantly less fat necrosis and fibrosis. The CXCR4-transfected HBASCs-treated transplants had a significantly higher capillary density than did the other transplants and showed GFP and CD31 double-positive cells (i.e., ASCs-derived endothelial cells). The mRNA expression of CXCR4 and SDF-1α was much higher in the CXCR4-transfected HBASCs transplants than in the other three transplants. Conclusions: Our data demonstrated that HBASCs can enhance the survival and quality of transplanted free fat tissues. Moreover, CXCR4 transfection of these HBASCs could augment this effect. Stimulation of angiogenesis and decreased fat cell apoptosis due to the recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and an increase in graft revascularization are potential mechanisms underlying the improved long-term survival of free fat transplants following CXCR4-transfected HBASCs treatment.

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“…Es besteht jedoch ein höheres Risiko für Nekrosen, chronische Entzündungen und die Entwicklung von sog. Ölzysten [67,68], insbesondere bei zu oberflächlichen Injektionen. Hinzu kommt ein gesteigertes Risiko für Nebenwirkungen, die mit der Gewinnung der Fettzellen einhergehen, wie z.…”

Section: Autologer Fetttransferunclassified

Body contouring

2015

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In our contemporary postmodern society, a modified perception of the human body is accompanied by an increasing demand for body shaping procedures. The treatment needs to be effective but it is just as important that they are safe and can be easily integrated into the daily working and routine schedule. While the options for minimally invasive volume addition are largely limited to injectable implants based on hyaluronic acid or autologous fat, a multitude of options are available for volume reduction. Before deciding on the method of choice, the following needs to be considered: which indications need to be treated, the extent of the reduction in volume and how much pain and possible undesired reactions the patient is prepared to accept.

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Chronic Inflammation and Progressive Calcification as a Result of Fat Necrosis

Abstract: Therapeutic, V.

Cited by 130 publications

References 21 publications

Cachexia and fibrosis are costs of chronic IL-1R-mediated disease tolerance inT. gondiiinfection

Cachexia and fibrosis are costs of chronic IL-1R-mediated disease tolerance inT. gondiiinfection

Human Breast Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Transfected with the Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 Receptor CXCR4 Exhibit Enhanced Viability in Human Autologous Free Fat Grafts

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