Chronic infections: causes and possible approach to treatment

Malyshkin, Alexander P.

doi:10.7243/2052-5958-2-3

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Only infectious microorganisms cause chronic infections. e normal micro ora is the most infectious microorganism, with all species becoming infected immediately a er birth because this micro ora is permanently required by the host (Malyshkin, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Bilateral Conjunctivitis in a Seven-Year-Old Shih-Tzu Dog

Saputra,

Widyastuti,

Putriningsih

2024

J. Appl. Vet. Sci. Technol

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Background: Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva that is common in dog, which also known as pink eyes. Conjunctivitis can be caused by infectious agents such as bacteria, chlamydia, and virus, and can also be induced by allergies or due to trauma. Bilateral infection may indicate they are caused by an infectious agent or allergy. Purpose: This study aims to provide veterinarians with insight into the treatment of conjunctivitis cases and the factors that hinder therapy. Case: A seven-year-old female Shih-Tzu dog has had eye problems for six months since April 2023. Physical examination revealed redness in the left and right eyes with mucopurulent exudate. Laboratory examination using an impression smear followed by cytology confirmed inflammation in the eye with many neutrophil cells and coccus-shaped bacteria. The dog was diagnosed with bacterial conjunctivitis with a good prognosis. Case Management: The therapy consisted of the administration of topical antibiotics in the form of Erlamycetin plus® (chloramphenicol and dexamethasone) eye drops for five days, followed by Erlamycetin® (chloramphenicol) eye ointment. Conclusion: After 12 days of therapy, there was no redness in the dog’s eyes and only a small amount of exudate was observed. However, on day 14, the owner reported that exudates were observed in the dog’s eyes. The therapy resulted in improvements but was not optimal because the owner did not consistently follow the recommendations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Bilateral Conjunctivitis in a Seven-Year-Old Shih-Tzu Dog

Saputra,

Widyastuti,

Putriningsih

2024

J. Appl. Vet. Sci. Technol

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“…Meetoo [3] notes that chronic noncommunicable diseases are the leading causes of death in most of the industrialized countries, and despite the burden from these diseases globally, the responses and the efforts geared towards preventing them have been slow, both nationally and worldwide. Chronic diseases are the main worry for community/public health [17].…”

Section: Chronic Diseases' Burdensmentioning

confidence: 99%

University Students’ Health: Case of Chronic Diseases

Mwangi

Anapapa

Koech

2022

SAJSSE

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The percentage of university students currently nursing chronic infections/diseases is alarming, and for a long time, these students are ever thought to be healthy. However, research shows otherwise and management of students’ health should be recognized and efforts be directed towards the same. This paper aimed to review the work done by other researchers concerning university students when it comes to chronic diseases and their health, make general comments and emphasize the need to have stakeholders focus on university students in terms of acquiring the right and modern technology meet for dealing with the elephant in the room. About 25 published papers were selected from the internet as they came across and a summary was made from each on what the researchers found concerning the university students’ health and chronic diseases. It was found that no researcher didn’t find unhealthy students and up to 30% of the students can be found infected in a given university. All concluded that the health of the students is deteriorating with time. Therefore, there is a need for stakeholders such as university managements, governments, non-governmental organizations among others to deal with the situation before it’s too late. University students are the next-immediate workforce and their health should not be left to fate. Once this workforce is maimed, there shall be a big problem in the future when things slip out of hand: and this work suggests that all stakeholders to come together and arrest the situation on time.

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“…This explanation, however, seems insufficient. There are grounds to believe that the necessity of interaction with microorganisms stems from the usefulness of microbial activities per se rather than immune stimulation [1]. For example, the normal intestinal microflora, which is the most necessary microbial community of the human body, synthesizes vitamins, contributes to food digestion, etc.…”

Section: Correspondencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of disease prevention and treatment strategies in the context of the hygiene hypothesis requires identification of the ambient microorganisms that are essential for normal human physiological functions. Given the wide diversity of microorganisms, this is a difficult task; however, the search can be narrowed down by considering that the necessary microorganisms can only be found among infective ones [1].…”

Section: Correspondencementioning

confidence: 99%