Chronic immune challenge is detrimental to female survival, feeding behavior, and reproduction in the field cricket Gryllus assimilis (Fabricius, 1775)

Limberger, Guilherme Martins; Esteves, Kathellen Pintado; Halal, Lamia Marques; Nery, Luíz Eduardo; Fonseca, Duane Barros da

doi:10.1007/s00360-022-01431-y

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…All experimental procedures were done under standard controlled conditions in the rearing room, with food and water provided ad libitum. Wet cotton balls were used for water consumption and as standard oviposition substrate (Limberger et al 2021;2022).…”

Section: Bioassaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To determine food consumption, we followed the protocols from our previous work (Limberger et al 2022), in which a known weight of standard dry ground cat food (high protein content: 36.5%) (GoldeN, PremieRPet®, São Paulo, Brazil) was daily replaced for each female (virgins, n = 15; mated, n = 14). After 24 allowing consumption, the uneaten food was identified and stored in an oven for the next 24h to obtain a dry weight.…”

Section: Bioassaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To compare the immune response of virgin (n = 20) and mated (n = 20) females against a nylon monofilament, new mated and virgin treatments were reestablished and maintained under standard conditions of experimentation as described earlier. In this experiment, mated females were allowed to mate ad libitum for 72h in a large plastic container (65 × 44 × 40 cm) with virgin males (2:1) of the same age, following immunological experiments of Limberger et al (2022) using this species. Specimens were cold anesthetized on ice for circa 15 min, then we inserted an aseptic implant of nylon (5-mm long × 0.3mm diameter) using a sterile pin to make a wound on the left ventral side of each cricket, in the pleural membrane between the second and third sternites where half (2.5-mm) of filament was left outside the body to be removed later (Bascuñán-García et al 2010;Limberger et al 2022).…”

Section: Bioassaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Insect females, particularly crickets, are a very useful model to understand the dynamics of reproductive trade-offs and have been contributing to this purpose for decades (Zera et al 1998;Shoemaker & Adamo 2007;Park & Stanley 2015;Miyashita et al 2020;Limberger et al 2021;2022;Treidel et al 2021). Resource allocation and acquisition are processes that underlie trade-off dynamics that are closely related to environmental profile but not restricted to that.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to keep in mind that the encapsulation response against a foreign material (e.g., nylon monofilament) can be interpreted as immune defense strength, as it includes activation of both cellular and humoral components of the immune system (Siva-Jothy et al 2005). For this reason, this method is widely employed in studies regarding the costs of life history traits in insects by simulating the invasion of a novel intruder (Schmid-Hempel 2005;Limberger et al 2022). The degree of immune response can be easily quantified by calculating the melanin covering the implant in photographs, which darkness of the implants reflects the efficiency of the immune response (Fedorka et al 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mating status affects females feeding behavior but does not the encapsulation response in the field cricket, Gryllus (Gryllus) assimilis (Fabricius, 1775)

2022

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Mating can trigger different effects on the physiology and behavior of animals, especially in females. These effects can be either beneficial, such as boosting the immune response, or harmful, such as decreasing survival, for example. Cricket females are among the most used models for understanding these life history trade-offs. We recently demonstrated that mated females have a slight cost of reproduction in survival that could be explained if they differed in resource consumption compared to unmated, being able to avoid putative damages of reproduction on self-maintenance. To test whether mating status modulates feeding behavior and self-maintenance (i.e., immunity), we performed two experimental blocks: In the first, we measure the food intake of both virgin and mated females of Gryllus (Gryllus) assimilis (Fabricius, 1775). In the second, we compared the ability to mount an acute immune response (encapsulation) against a nylon filament implant, a widely used method to challenge the insect immune system. Results showed that mated females did not increase food consumption compared to pre-mating period, however, the virgin group (control) drastically decreased the amount of food ingested. Furthermore, no difference in immune response was found between mating status. As mated females ingested more food than those virgins of the same age, we suggest the feeding behavior (i.e., resource acquisition) as one of the used behavioral strategies to maintain immune ability, high oviposition rates, and survival of mated females of G. (G.) assimilis when fed ad libitum.

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Section: Bioassaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bioassaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bioassaymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mating status affects females feeding behavior but does not the encapsulation response in the field cricket, Gryllus (Gryllus) assimilis (Fabricius, 1775)

2022

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Roundup and immune challenge have different effects on a native field cricket and its introduced competitor

Mullins

Brown

Lovsey

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Crickets face many natural selection pressures, and humans have added to this burden by applying potentially harmful herbicides and unintentionally introducing competitors. We examine recently introduced Vela ctorus micado Japanese burrowing crickets which share a microhabitat and season with native Gryllus pennsylvanicus eld crickets. In this study, we assess the combined effects of Roundup (glyphosate-based herbicide) and a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) immune challenge on both crickets. In both species, an immune challenge reduced the numbers of eggs that female laid, however, this effect was much larger in G. pennsylvanicus. Conversely, Roundup caused both species to increase egg production, potentially representing a terminal investment strategy. The combined effect of immune challenge and herbicide harmed G. pennsylvanicus fecundity more than V. micado fecundity. Further, V. micado females laid signi cantly more eggs than G. pennsylvanicus, suggesting that introduced V. micado may have a competitive edge in fecundity over native G. pennsylvanicus. LPS and Roundup each had differing effects on male G. pennsylvanicus and V. micado calling effort. Overall, introduced male V. micado spent signi cantly more time calling than native G. pennsylvanicus, which could potentially interfere with G. pennsylvanicus mate-location behavior in their shared natural habitat. Despite the population-level spread of introduced V. micado, in our study, this species did not outperform native G. pennsylvanicus in tolerating immune and chemical challenge. Although V. micado appears to possess traits that make this introduced species successful in colonizing new habitats, it may be less successful in traits that would allow it to outcompete a native species.

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Juvenile responses to immune challenges are not carried through to subsequent life stages in an insect

Silva,

Viol,

Elliot

2024

Sci Rep

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Chronic immune challenge is detrimental to female survival, feeding behavior, and reproduction in the field cricket Gryllus assimilis (Fabricius, 1775)

Cited by 5 publications

References 68 publications

Mating status affects females feeding behavior but does not the encapsulation response in the field cricket, Gryllus (Gryllus) assimilis (Fabricius, 1775)

Mating status affects females feeding behavior but does not the encapsulation response in the field cricket, Gryllus (Gryllus) assimilis (Fabricius, 1775)

Roundup and immune challenge have different effects on a native field cricket and its introduced competitor

Juvenile responses to immune challenges are not carried through to subsequent life stages in an insect

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