Chronic Illness and Developmental Vulnerability at School Entry

Bell, Megan F.; Bayliss, Donna M.; Glauert, Rebecca; Harrison, Amanda; Ohan, Jeneva L.

doi:10.1542/peds.2015-2475

Cited by 81 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Defining sarcopenia without assessing muscle function is not optimum, as muscle strength is not linearly related to muscle mass . Reduced muscle function may be directly impacted by delays in fine motor, gross motor, and cognitive development in early childhood or vice versa, especially in children with chronic diseases . There is currently no gold standard tool to assess motor function impairment in children being assessed for sarcopenia .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Sarcopenia: A Paradigm in the Overall Definition of Malnutrition in Children?

Ooi

Thompson‐Hodgetts

Pritchard

et al. 2019

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

119

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Background Malnutrition is a common complication in children with chronic diseases. Sarcopenia is one component of malnutrition, characterized by reduced skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and muscle function. The presence of sarcopenia is associated with adverse outcomes in children. Although there is growing research interest in sarcopenia, no review has been done on this novel concept in pediatrics. The purpose of this review was to explore current evidence in sarcopenia with and without obesity and to evaluate the knowledge gaps in the assessment of childhood sarcopenia. Methods A total of 12 articles retrieved from PubMed or Web of Science databases were included. Results Limited studies have elucidated sarcopenia in pediatrics. Challenges in sarcopenia assessment include heterogeneity in definition and absence of standardized body composition methods used to measure SMM and muscle function tests. There is a lack of age‐specific and gender‐specific normative data for SMM, particularly in young children and infants. None of the studies incorporated muscle function assessment, causing potential bias and misclassification of sarcopenia. The research in childhood sarcopenia is also hampered by low study quality, limited number of outcomes‐based research, and lack of longitudinal data. Conclusion Consensus needs to be reached in methodological approaches in sarcopenia diagnosis, body composition measurements, and age‐appropriate muscle function tests in pediatrics. Careful considerations on growth, neurocognitive status, and factors influencing development in various clinical populations are warranted. Early identification of sarcopenia is crucial to enable targeted treatment and prevention to be carried out across the pediatric clinical populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Sarcopenia: A Paradigm in the Overall Definition of Malnutrition in Children?

Ooi

Thompson‐Hodgetts

Pritchard

et al. 2019

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

119

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“…Previous research has shown that children who experience chronic illness are at risk of developmental vulnerability 28. Child chronic illness diagnoses (corresponding to the list used by Bell and colleagues28) were therefore identified to account for intergenerational health disadvantage.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Child chronic illness diagnoses (corresponding to the list used by Bell and colleagues28) were therefore identified to account for intergenerational health disadvantage. Child diagnoses were identified from the same datasets as parent diagnoses, from birth until the end of 2009.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental vulnerabilities in children of chronically ill parents: a population-based linked data study

Bell

Bayliss

Glauert

et al. 2019

J Epidemiol Community Health

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BackgroundCurrently, there is mixed evidence regarding the effects on children when a parent is chronically ill. Research has also primarily been conducted with adolescent samples. This study investigated developmental vulnerabilities in young children of parents with chronic illness.MethodsThis study used linked administrative data. The study population included children born in Western Australia during 2003–2004 (n=19 071; mean age 5.5 years). The outcome measure was a score in the bottom 25% on any of the five developmental domains (physical, social, emotional, communicative and cognitive) of the Australian Early Development Census (2009 collection). Parental chronic illnesses were identified from hospital and cancer registry records, during the period from 1 year prior to the child’s birth and until the end of 2009.ResultsHigher odds of developmental vulnerabilities in physical, social, emotional and communication domains were observed for daughters of chronically ill mothers. Sons of chronically ill mothers had increased odds of language and cognitive difficulties. Risk level increased with each additional year of exposure to maternal chronic illness. Results also indicated increased odds of developmental vulnerabilities for children of mothers experiencing multiple compared with single chronic conditions; however, results were not statistically significant (all p>0.05). No association between fathers’ chronic illness and children’s developmental outcomes was found.ConclusionsMaternal chronic illness is associated with an increased risk of poor developmental outcomes for children, particularly daughters. Healthcare services have an important role to play in linking families into appropriate family-centred services to best support the needs of chronically ill mothers.

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“…Children are particularly vulnerable to complications of chronic disease, and symptoms of severe acute complications can often be missed in these patients . Central venous catheter (CVC)‐related complications can be life‐threatening, with an estimated 12.5%–25% mortality associated with catheter‐related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence‐Based Strategies and Recommendations for Preservation of Central Venous Access in Children

Baskin

Mermel

Saad

et al. 2019

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

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Children with chronic illness often require prolonged or repeated venous access. They remain at high risk for venous catheter–related complications (high‐risk patients), which largely derive from elective decisions during catheter insertion and continuing care. These complications result in progressive loss of the venous capital (patent and compliant venous pathways) necessary for delivery of life‐preserving therapies. A nonstandardized, episodic, isolated approach to venous care in these high‐need, high‐cost patients is too often the norm, imposing a disproportionate burden on affected persons and escalating costs. This state‐of‐the‐art review identifies known failure points in the current systems of venous care, details the elements of an individualized plan of care, and emphasizes a patient‐centered, multidisciplinary, collaborative, and evidence‐based approach to care in these vulnerable populations. These guidelines are intended to enable every practitioner in every practice to deliver better care and better outcomes to these patients through awareness of critical issues, anticipatory attention to meaningful components of care, and appropriate consultation or referral when necessary.*

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Chronic Illness and Developmental Vulnerability at School Entry

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study examined the association between chronic illness and school readiness, by using linked administrative population data.

Cited by 81 publications

References 32 publications

Pediatric Sarcopenia: A Paradigm in the Overall Definition of Malnutrition in Children?

Pediatric Sarcopenia: A Paradigm in the Overall Definition of Malnutrition in Children?

Developmental vulnerabilities in children of chronically ill parents: a population-based linked data study

Evidence‐Based Strategies and Recommendations for Preservation of Central Venous Access in Children

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