Chronic hypoxia and Cu2+ exposure induce gill remodeling of largemouth bass through endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial damage and apoptosis

Li, Qiao; Wang, Hong; Ge, Jiayu; Li, Lisen; Luo, Jie; He, Kuo; Yan, Haoxiao; Zhang, Xin; Tahir, Rabia; Luo, Wei; Chen, Shiyi; ZHANG, Cheng; Zhao, Liulan; Yang, Song

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106373

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…A higher respiratory rate enhances the exchange of gas between the gills and the water, helping the fish to get more oxygen from the environment [ 40 ]. The discovery of this adaptation mechanism, which is crucial for the survival of fish in low-oxygen environments, was the subject of a study in zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoxia induces pyroptosis and inflammation in the liver of fat greenling (Hexagrammos otakii)

Zhan,

Gao,

Peng

et al. 2024

Comparative Immunology Reports

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoxia induces pyroptosis and inflammation in the liver of fat greenling (Hexagrammos otakii)

Zhan,

Gao,

Peng

et al. 2024

Comparative Immunology Reports

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“…Reduction of the interlamellar cell mass (ILCM) was the main factor of hypoxia-induced gill remodeling, which was associated with apoptosis (Liu et al, 2023;Shuang et al, 2022), but cell detachment could not be excluded, further work is required to identify the mechanism of hypoxia-induced gill remodeling. Gill remodeling increased the respiratory surface area of sh, which will help the sh to get more oxygen (O 2 ) and increase the chances of sh survival in the hypoxia conditions.…”

Section: Gill Remodelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of acclimation to chronic intermittent hypoxia in the gills of Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)

Liu,

Wang,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Anthropogenically induced hypoxia in water bodies has been a stressor for fish for many years and is expected to persist in the future. In order to investigate the acclimation response of fish gills to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) stress, we conducted a study using largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) exposed to intermittent hypoxia (dissolved oxygen level: 2.0 mg·L− 1) for either one or three hours per day, over a period of 8 weeks. Our findings indicate that exposure to CIH induced remodeling of the gills and an increase in gill surface area. We also observed significant up-regulation of genes related to glycolysis (fba, pgam1, pepck, atp-pfk, pfk-2, g6pi, gapd-1, and pk), while genes associated with cholesterol synthesis (3β-hsd, cyp51, dsdr-x1, dsdr, and dhcr7) were down-regulated following CIH exposure. Furthermore, we observed the presence of elongated megamitochondria in mitochondria-rich cells within the gills of fish exposed to hypoxia. Additionally, numerous genes involved in calcium signaling pathways were up-regulated in the gills of largemouth bass, suggesting an enhanced sensitivity of gills to environmental cues in hypoxia conditions. However, the expression levels of certain genes related to innate and adaptive immune responses were inhibited following CIH exposure. Moreover, the number of mucous cells decreased, potentially making the gills more susceptible to pathogen infections. These findings highlight the potential vulnerability of gills to pathogenic organisms in the presence of CIH. Overall, our study contributes to a better understanding of how fish acclimate to CIH.

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“…However, for energy homeostasis, the nuclear mitochondrial biogenesis program augmented the copy number of mitochondrial DNA in genome maintenance and mitochondrial biogenesis in mice by activating the nuclear regulation of Nrf2 with prc to target genes via the transcription factor tfam, which is required for mtDNA replication [46,55,56]. When largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) were exposed to hypoxia and Cu 2+ contamination, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial damage induced gill apoptosis via the caspase activity pathway, while tfam expression was downregulated [57]. Splice-modifying morpholinos resulted in the knockdown of zebrafish embryonic tfam, a decrease in the mtDNA copy number and a decrease in ATP production [58].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of PGC-1α of the Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism Pathway in the Gills of Indian Medaka (Oryzias dancena) under Hypothermal Stress

Ranasinghe,

Chen,

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Ectothermic fish exposure to hypothermal stress requires adjusting their metabolic molecular machinery, which was investigated using Indian medaka (Oryzias dancena; 10 weeks old, 2.5 ± 0.5 cm) cultured in fresh water (FW) and seawater (SW; 35‰) at room temperature (28 ± 1 °C). The fish were fed twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening, and the photoperiod was 12 h:12 h light: dark. In this study, we applied two hypothermal treatments to reveal the mechanisms of energy metabolism via pgc-1α regulation in the gills of Indian medaka; cold-stress (18 °C) and cold-tolerance (extreme cold; 15 °C). The branchial ATP content was significantly higher in the cold-stress group, but not in the cold-tolerance group. In FW- and SW-acclimated medaka, the expression of genes related to mitochondrial energy metabolism, including pgc-1α, prc, Nrf2, tfam, and nd5, was analyzed to illustrate differential responses of mitochondrial energy metabolism to cold-stress and cold-tolerance environments. When exposed to cold-stress, the relative mRNA expression of pgc-1α, prc, and Nrf2 increased from 2 h, whereas that of tfam and nd5 increased significantly from 168 h. When exposed to a cold-tolerant environment, prc was significantly upregulated at 2 h post-cooling in the FW and SW groups, and pgc-1α was significantly upregulated at 2 and 12 h post-cooling in the FW group, while tfam and nd5 were downregulated in both FW and SW fish. Hierarchical clustering revealed gene interactions in the cold-stress group, which promoted diverse mitochondrial energy adaptations, causing an increase in ATP production. However, the cold-tolerant group demonstrated limitations in enhancing ATP levels through mitochondrial regulation via the PGC-1α energy metabolism pathway. These findings suggest that ectothermic fish may develop varying degrees of thermal tolerance over time in response to climate change. This study provides insights into the complex ways in which fish adjust their metabolism when exposed to cold stress, contributing to our knowledge of how they adapt.

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Chronic hypoxia and Cu2+ exposure induce gill remodeling of largemouth bass through endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial damage and apoptosis

Cited by 15 publications

References 86 publications

Hypoxia induces pyroptosis and inflammation in the liver of fat greenling (Hexagrammos otakii)

Hypoxia induces pyroptosis and inflammation in the liver of fat greenling (Hexagrammos otakii)

Mechanisms of acclimation to chronic intermittent hypoxia in the gills of Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)

Regulation of PGC-1α of the Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism Pathway in the Gills of Indian Medaka (Oryzias dancena) under Hypothermal Stress

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