Chronic hepatitis B in pregnant women: Current trends and approaches

Abstract

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a significant public health problem worldwide. The aim of the present review is to summarize the actual trends in the management of CHB in pregnant women. The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in pregnant women is usually comparable to that in the general population in the corresponding geographic area. All women have to be screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) during pregnancy. Additional examinations of pregnant women with CHB may include maternal hepatitis B e antigen, HBV viral load, alanine aminotransferase level, and HBsAg level. The management of pregnancy depends on the phase of the HBV infection, which has to be determined before pregnancy. In women of childbearing age with CHB, antiviral therapy can pursue two main goals: Treatment of active CHB, and vertical transmission prevention. During pregnancy, tenofovir is the drug of choice in both cases. A combination of hepatitis B immunoglobulin and vaccine against hepatitis B should be administered within the first 12 h to all infants born to mothers with CHB. In such cases, there are no contraindications to breastfeeding.

Prevalence and Determinants of Hepatitis B Virus Antigenemia among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Some Hospitals in Bauchi Metropolis

“…The prevalence of hepatitis B Virus infections varies in different parts of the world from country to country, from one region to another region, and from one population group to another in a country [23,31], and since pregnant women have depressed immunity; infections of HBV are of clinical importance.…”

Nghiên Cứu Tình Hình, Kiến Thức, Thái Độ, Thực Hành Về Phòng Ngừa Lây Nhiễm Vi Rút Viêm Gan B Ở Phụ Nữ Mang Thai Tại Bệnh Viện Vũng Tàu Năm 2021-2022

“…Ngoài đường lây truyền chung của vi rút VGB bao gồm lây truyền qua đường máu, đường tình dục, lây truyền dọc từ mẹ sang con trong thời kỳ chu sinh là đường lây truyền quan trọng và chủ yếu nhất, đặc biệt ở các khu vực có tỷ lệ lưu hành cao của vi rút VGB trong đó có Việt Nam. Tỷ lệ lây truyền vi rút VGB từ mẹ sang con rất cao, từ 40% đến trên 90% phụ thuộc vào tình trạng HBeAg và tải lượng HBV DNA của bà mẹ [1], [3], [8], [10]. Xu hướng chung của thế giới là tập trung phòng ngừa lây nhiễm với mục tiêu hàng đầu là chặn đường lây truyền vi rút VGB từ mẹ sang con.…”

Predictive Values of Programmed Death-1, CC Chemokine Ligand 20, and Treg/T Helper 17 Cytokines for Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-Related Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure

“…Chronic hepatitis B (CHB), as a clinically common viral infectious disease of liver tissues, is defined as positive results in CHB virus testing, duration of disease > 6 months, and manifestations of chronic hepatitis (1,2). Currently, the pathogenesis of CHB has not been clarified, but viral infection and immune factors have been considered the main risk factors (3,4).…”