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Background. The indicators of heart rate variability reflect the vital processes of managing the physiological functions of the body — autonomic balance and functional reserves of its management mechanisms, the adaptive capacity of the body, and stress resistance. At the expressed disturbances of autonomic nervous system homeostasis, the risk of emergence and progression of diseases increases. This is especially true for the elderly, who are characterized by comorbidity. The purpose of the study was to assess the state of adaptive capacity and autonomic regulation of the body in patients with precancerous conditions of the stomach with the thyroid gland pathology. Materials and methods. Seventy-two patients with chronic atrophic gastritis were divided into groups: group I consisted of 34 patients with nodules in the thyroid gland; group II included 23 patients with pathological changes of the thyroid gland and 15 patients of group III had a normal thyroid gland. The heart rate variability was assessed based on the results of PRECISE-diagnostics. To diagnose the functional state of the small intestinal microbiota, a hydrogen breath test was performed. Results. In 81.9 % of patients with chronic atrophic gastritis and thyroid pathology, an imbalance of the sympathetic and parasympathetic parts of the autonomic nervous system with a prevalence of vagotonia including the patients with thyroid nodules (64.7 %) and pathological changes in the thyroid gland (56.5 %) (р < 0.05). A significant violation of the body’s adaptive capacity was found in 63.2 % of patients with chronic atrophic gastritis. The frequency of reduced adaptive capacity of the organism was twice higher in patients with comorbid pathology (p < 0.05). 56.1 % of patients with chronic atrophic gastritis associated with thyroid pathology experienced a decrease in functional reserves of the body. In the spectrum of detected disorders, 68.8 % of patients presented with depletion of functional reserves of the body with increased central control and 31.2 % of patients — hormonal imbalance with a predominance of the humoral link with the inclusion of autonomous control (p < 0.05). The analysis of the stress index showed in half of the examined patients insufficient stress resistance with a probable increase in mean figures to (136.8 ± 7.4) m/s (p < 0.05). Correlations were found between the frequency of detection of excessive bacterial growth syndrome and maladaptation (r = 0.64; p < 0.05), imbalance of the sympathetic and parasympathetic parts of the autonomic nervous system (r = 0.59; p < 0.05). Conclusions. The course of chronic atrophic gastritis associated with thyroid pathology is associated with an imbalance of sympathetic and parasympathetic parts of the autonomic nervous system, depletion of adaptive mechanisms, reduced functional reserves of the body, and stress resistance. At the same time, disorders of the body’s adaptive potential and changes in autonomic balance are associated with the disorders of the small intestinal microbiota, which requires a multidisciplinary approach to the management of patients with comorbid pathology of the stomach and thyroid gland.
Background. The indicators of heart rate variability reflect the vital processes of managing the physiological functions of the body — autonomic balance and functional reserves of its management mechanisms, the adaptive capacity of the body, and stress resistance. At the expressed disturbances of autonomic nervous system homeostasis, the risk of emergence and progression of diseases increases. This is especially true for the elderly, who are characterized by comorbidity. The purpose of the study was to assess the state of adaptive capacity and autonomic regulation of the body in patients with precancerous conditions of the stomach with the thyroid gland pathology. Materials and methods. Seventy-two patients with chronic atrophic gastritis were divided into groups: group I consisted of 34 patients with nodules in the thyroid gland; group II included 23 patients with pathological changes of the thyroid gland and 15 patients of group III had a normal thyroid gland. The heart rate variability was assessed based on the results of PRECISE-diagnostics. To diagnose the functional state of the small intestinal microbiota, a hydrogen breath test was performed. Results. In 81.9 % of patients with chronic atrophic gastritis and thyroid pathology, an imbalance of the sympathetic and parasympathetic parts of the autonomic nervous system with a prevalence of vagotonia including the patients with thyroid nodules (64.7 %) and pathological changes in the thyroid gland (56.5 %) (р < 0.05). A significant violation of the body’s adaptive capacity was found in 63.2 % of patients with chronic atrophic gastritis. The frequency of reduced adaptive capacity of the organism was twice higher in patients with comorbid pathology (p < 0.05). 56.1 % of patients with chronic atrophic gastritis associated with thyroid pathology experienced a decrease in functional reserves of the body. In the spectrum of detected disorders, 68.8 % of patients presented with depletion of functional reserves of the body with increased central control and 31.2 % of patients — hormonal imbalance with a predominance of the humoral link with the inclusion of autonomous control (p < 0.05). The analysis of the stress index showed in half of the examined patients insufficient stress resistance with a probable increase in mean figures to (136.8 ± 7.4) m/s (p < 0.05). Correlations were found between the frequency of detection of excessive bacterial growth syndrome and maladaptation (r = 0.64; p < 0.05), imbalance of the sympathetic and parasympathetic parts of the autonomic nervous system (r = 0.59; p < 0.05). Conclusions. The course of chronic atrophic gastritis associated with thyroid pathology is associated with an imbalance of sympathetic and parasympathetic parts of the autonomic nervous system, depletion of adaptive mechanisms, reduced functional reserves of the body, and stress resistance. At the same time, disorders of the body’s adaptive potential and changes in autonomic balance are associated with the disorders of the small intestinal microbiota, which requires a multidisciplinary approach to the management of patients with comorbid pathology of the stomach and thyroid gland.
The aim of the paper is to study the clinical and morphological characteristics of H. pylori-associated gastroduodenal zone diseases, depending on patients’ age. Materials and Methods. Three groups of patients of various ages with H. pylori-associated gastroduodenal zone diseases were formed in the course of a prospective clinical study. We studied the clinical picture, and morphological characteristics of the gastroduodenal zone before and after eradication therapy. Average length of the observation period was 172 days. All patients underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy. Results. Severe dyspeptic disorders were diagnosed in all young patients belonging to group 1 (100 %). The dyspeptic index corresponded to a high degree of severity. Morphological changes in the gastric mucosa were more significant in patients with a less pronounced clinical picture (Groups 2 and 3). In group 3, atrophic transformations of the gastric corpus were found in 30.5 %, atrophic transformations of the pylorus – in 11 %, and intestinal metaplasia – in 2.8 % of patients. Unlike young and middle-aged patients with pronounced dyspeptic syndrome, elderly patients were characterized by a low-symptom clinical picture, which was accompanied by morphological gastroduodenal zone transformations with the possible progression. Conclusions. Effective eradication therapy contributes to clinical, endoscopic and morphological remission of the gastroduodenal zone and prevents the progression of the inflammatory cascade. Key words: Helicobacter pylori, gastroduodenal diseases, eradication therapy, age characteristics. Цель исследования – изучить клинико-морфологические особенности H. рylori-ассоциированных заболеваний гастродуоденальной зоны в зависимости от возраста пациентов. Материалы и методы. В процессе проспективного клинического исследования были сформированы три группы пациентов разного возраста, имеющих H. pylori-ассоциированные заболевания гастродуоденальной зоны. Изучали клиническую картину, морфологические особенности гастродуоденальной зоны до и после эрадикационной терапии. Период наблюдения больных составил в среднем 172 дня. Всем пациентам выполнялась ззофагогастродуоденоскопия с биопсией. Результаты. У 100 % пациентов молодого возраста (I группа) установлены выраженные диспепсические расстройства. Диспепсический индекс соответствовал высокой степени тяжести. Для пациентов II и Ш групп при менее выраженной клинической картине морфологические изменения слизистой оболочки желудка оказались более существенны. В старшей группе (Ш группа) атрофические преобразования тела желудка выявлены у 30,5 % пациентов, привратника желудка – у 11 %, кишечная метаплазия – у 2,8 %. В отличие от пациентов молодого и среднего возраста, имеющих выраженный диспепсический синдром, для пациентов пожилого возраста характерна малосимптомная клиническая картина, которая сопровождалась морфологическими преобразованиями гастродуоденальной зоны с возможностью прогрессирования. Выводы. Эффективная эрадикационная терапия способствует достижению клинико-эндоскопической и морфологической ремиссии состояния гастродуоденальной зоны и создает условия для предотвращения прогрессирования воспалительного каскада. Ключевые слова: Helicobacter pylori, заболевания гастродуоденальной зоны, эрадикационная терапия, возрастные особенности.
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