Chronic fatigue syndrome is associated with chronic enterovirus infection of the stomach

Abstract

Enterovirus VP1, RNA and non-cytopathic viruses were detected in the stomach biopsy specimens of CFS patients with chronic abdominal complaints. A significant subset of CFS patients may have a chronic, disseminated, non-cytolytic form of enteroviral infection, which could be diagnosed by stomach biopsy.

Role of Infection and Neurologic Dysfunction in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

“…Several investigators have reported enteroviral involvement in some cases of CFS. [169][170][171][172][173][174][175][176] The most provocative recent report involved 165 consecutive patients with CFS accompanied by prominent gastrointestinal symptoms. Each of them had biopsies of the gastric antrum, as did 34 control volunteers without CFS.…”

Pancreatic Pathology in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

“…One such antibody (clone 5D8/1) is marketed commercially by Dako. The antibody is monoclonal in origin, was raised against the 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 VP1 protein of Coxsackievirus B5 and has provided particularly sensitive and specific detection opportunities such that it has now been used extensively to detect enterovirus in formalin fixed tissues [49][50][51][52][53][54][55]. In combination, therefore, the use of HIER and the availability of new antisera have enabled an increase in both the spectrum of enteroviral serotypes which can be detected in fixed tissues and an improvement in the sensitivity of their detection [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57] (and unpublished results…”

Chronic Enterovirus D68 Bronchiolitis Causing Severe Respiratory Insufficiency

“…Except in the cases of transplant-recipients, respiratory or stool specimens were rarely positive in our hospitalized adult patients with suspected acute enteroviral infections, even in cases proven by sero-conversion. Similar to chronic enterovirus infection of the stomach [7], the diagnosis of chronic lung infection may be difficult without special staining for viral protein or cultures of lung tissues. The sensitivity of transbronchial biopsies is likely inferior to open lung biopsy due to smaller sample size.…”

“…The lung tissue was cultured in WI-38 embryonic lung fibroblasts and enterovirus RNA was quantitated after 72 hours of incubation, as described [7]. Positive RNA samples were amplified with non-biotinylated primers and cloned into P-drive vector as described [6], and sequenced by Retrogen [San Diego, Ca].…”