Chronic Exposure to High Levels of Dietary Iron Fortification Increases Lipid Peroxidation in the Mucosa of the Rat Large Intestine

Lund, Elizabeth K.; Fairweather‐Tait, Susan J.; Wharf, S G; Johnson, Ian T.

doi:10.1093/jn/131.11.2928

Cited by 70 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It has been suggested that chronic iron intake can affect intestinal homeostasis by altering intestinal microbial composition, oxidative stress, inflammation, etc. [13,15,16,[17][18][19] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Iron Overload on Growth and Intestinal Mucosa in Rats

Jiang¹,

Sun²,

Gong³

et al. 2017

ijSciences

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Objective: To detect the mechanism of excess iron intake on growth and intestinal mucosa in rats. Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: Low Iron Group, Normal Iron Group, Medium Iron Group and High Iron Group upon daily iron intake of 7mg/kg, 16.8mg/kg, 35mg/kg, 70mg/kg respectively via fodder for eight weeks. The general condition, body weight and food intake were documented simultaneously. Serum level of Ferritin, IL-6 and IL-10 were detected using ELISA. The observation of morphology of intestine was also included concurrently. Results: The weight obtained was significantly lower in the High Iron Group compared with the other three groups while the average weight of the rats in the High Iron Group was lower than the Normal Iron Group. Meanwhile, the average amount food uptake of the High Iron Group had slightly decreased in the eighth week. In addition, the level of IL-6 in small intestine of the High Iron Group is higher than that of the Normal Iron Group (P<0.05), while the level of IL-10 in small intestine of the High Iron Group is lower than that of the Normal Iron Group (P<0.05). The histopathology results showed that normal morphology was found in Low Iron Group and Normal Iron Group, but the mucosa showed a slight injury in the Medium Iron Group with apical microvilli slightly off. Irregular shape of microvilli and necrosis were found in some epithelial cells of intestinal mucosa in the High Iron Group. Conclusion: Excessive dietary iron intake plays a negative effect on the normal growth and development, and resulted in intestinal inflammatory injury in rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Iron Overload on Growth and Intestinal Mucosa in Rats

Jiang¹,

Sun²,

Gong³

et al. 2017

ijSciences

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“…Red meat components hypothesized to be contributory factors to colon cancer etiology include DNA-reactive heterocyclic amines formed during cooking [23,29]; animal fat, which may act by increasing intracolonic concentrations of membrane-damaging bile acids and fatty acids [30][31][32][33]; and, iron content of red meat [34][35][36][37][38]. Most dietary iron is not absorbed but is concentrated in the feces at levels that may be up to 10-fold higher than that found in tissues [39].…”

Section: Risk Factors For Crcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of colonic aberrant crypt foci: Review and analysis of existing studies

2007

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Since first described in a rodent model in 1987, aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in the colon have been shown to exhibit many of the molecular features of the more advanced colonic neoplasms including cancer. Therefore, they may be early lesions with potential for progression, and be valuable biomarkers for reduction of risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). For this review, we searched PubMed, and reference lists of recent publications, for studies which reported on associations of features of ACF in humans, such as number or size, with subject characteristics, such as age or family history of CRC. Over 150 papers have reported on ACF in humans. However, the vast majority of these publications are concerned with molecular and morphological features of biopsied lesions, and not their epidemiology. None of the epidemiological studies were of optimum design, primarily due to their absence of a well-defined subject sampling frame or method. Given their 'first-generation' nature, consistent findings were of increased ACF number with age and with synchronous advanced colonic neoplasia. One study reported a higher mean number of ACF in subjects with a family history of CRC than in those without. The strongest evidence on the ability of ACF to predict a diagnosis of CRC will be from prospective studies with baseline ACF assessment in a large sample of diseasefree persons (many thousands) who are followed carefully for many years. In the interim, because ACF are asymptomatic, well-designed cross-sectional studies are feasible and will yield valuable information on the relation of ACF to the known risk factors for CRC. This information can then be used to improve the design of prospective studies, and of clinical intervention trials that use ACF as an intermediate endpoint.

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“…Therefore, it was assumed that orally taken iron which fails to be absorbed and reaches the colon may damage mucosa by intensifying formation of free radicals to a critical level (71,76). Impact of prolonged intake of iron on mucosal lipid peroxidation and production of free radicals in the colon and cecum was analyzed in male Wistar rats by Lund and others and demonstrated to be able to elevate the both measured variables in large intestine and cecum (77).…”

Section: Colorectal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dual Nature of Iron in Relation to Cancer: A Review

et al. 2016

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Background: Although iron is essential for all cells, it could be potentially hazardous. This is mostly due to iron participation in oxidation-reduction reactions. In terms of cancer risk, the role of both iron deficiency and overload can be studied in two directions, protective or therapeutic effects, and carcinogenic effects. Materials and Methods:PubMed, Science direct, Ovid, Proquest, Medline, and Google scholar databases were used to obtain articles identified by using the key words "Iron", "Iron deficiency", "Iron overload", "Cancer", and "Neoplasm" without any time limit. The relevance of studies was identified by reviewing the titles and the abstracts. 185 articles published in English, including experimental, observational, molecular and cellular studies were reviewed. Results and Conclusion:Considering the dual nature of iron, maintaining an optimal iron level in the body is important. This can be achieved when regulatory mechanisms of body iron level work properly and the amount of iron input is within the physiological range. Current evidence generally supports this possibility that higher animal-derived (heme) iron may increase the risk of some cancers. The release of iron or nitrosyl heme from iron complexes during some processing of meat may increase production of cancer promoter lipoperoxides. On the other hand, use of iron chelation or iron mediated oxidative assault for the treatment or prevention of cancer appears to be promising; but further research is required. Considering this background, this article reviews the literature and evidence, focusing on the role of iron overload and deficiency in developing and treatment of various cancers.

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Chronic Exposure to High Levels of Dietary Iron Fortification Increases Lipid Peroxidation in the Mucosa of the Rat Large Intestine

Cited by 70 publications

References 29 publications

Effects of Iron Overload on Growth and Intestinal Mucosa in Rats

Effects of Iron Overload on Growth and Intestinal Mucosa in Rats

Epidemiology of colonic aberrant crypt foci: Review and analysis of existing studies

The Dual Nature of Iron in Relation to Cancer: A Review

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