Chronic exposure to 60‐Hz electric fields: Effects on pineal function in the rat

Wilson, Bary W.; Anderson, Larry E.; Hilton, Donald; Phillips, Richard D.

doi:10.1002/bem.2250020408

Cited by 168 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The normal melatonin rhythm in humans has characteristics that may be relevant to breast cancer risk (19 (22) reported that exposure of rats to a 60-Hz electric field suppressed the normal nocturnal rise in pineal melatonin production in male Sprague-Dawley-derived rats.…”

Section: Light Effects On Melatoninmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Melatonin Hypothesis: Electric Power and Breast Cancer

Stevens¹,

Davis²

1996

Environmental Health Perspectives

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Section: Light Effects On Melatoninmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Melatonin Hypothesis: Electric Power and Breast Cancer

Stevens¹,

Davis²

1996

Environmental Health Perspectives

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“…Electromagnetic fields have adverse effects on biological systems. Oxidative stress occurs as a result of increase in ROS concentrations in cells leading to various pathological damages (10,11). Cellular metabolisms and other exogenous environmental sources such as electromagnetic fields could cause ROS production in cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Effects of Allium cepa and Cinnamon on Sex Hormones and Serum Antioxidant Capacity in Female Rats Exposed to Power Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields

Mansouri¹,

Keshtkar²,

Khaki³

et al. 2016

IJWHR

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“…Studies of rodents (e.g., Wilson et al, 1981), humans , baboons (Rogers et al, 1991), and this study of sheep suggest interspecies differences in melatonin suppression from electric and magnetic fields. Of possible interest in this regard are differences between rodents and sheep in the functions of pineal alpha and beta adrenergic receptors (Morgan et al, 1989;Howell and Morgan, 1991).…”

Section: Melatoninmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Results provide no evidence to support such an effect in lambs under conditions of this study. Results of some early studies of rodents showed that the normal melatonin elevation in rats was essentially abolished by exposure to 50-Hz electric fields (Wilson et al, 1981). In theory, if such a large effect occurred in sheep and no nighttime melatonin elevation occurred, there could be a significant effect on the timing of the reproductive cycle in sheep.…”

Section: Melatoninmentioning

confidence: 98%

Seasonal Patterns of Melatonin, Cortisol, and Progesterone Secretion in Female Lambs Raised Beneath a 500-kV Transmission Line

Lee¹

2000

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There is ongoing controversy about the possibility of adverse biological effects from environmental exposures to electric and magnetic fields. These fields are produced by all electrical equipment and appliances including electrical transmission lines. The objective of this environmental science study was to investigate the possible effects of a high voltage transmission line on domestic sheep (Ovis aries L,), a species that can often be found near such lines.The study was primarily designed to determine whether a specific effect of electric and magnetic fields found in laboratory animals also occurs in livestock under natural environmental conditions. The effect is the ability of fields, at levels found in the environment, to significantly depress the normally high nocturnal concentrations of the pineal hormone melatonin.Melatonin mediates the reproductive response to changes in photoperiod in seasonal breeders such as sheep. Factors which modify the production of nocturnal melatonin in sheep can have important effects on the timing of seasonal reproduction including the onset of puberty in this species.Ten female Suffolk lambs were penned for 10 months directly beneath a 500-kV transmission line near Estacada, Oregon. Ten other lambs of the same type were penned in a control area away from the transmission line where electric and magnetic fields were at ambient levels.Serum melatonin was analyzed by radioimmunoassay (RIA) from 6618 blood samples collected at 0.5 to 3-hour intervals over eight 48-hour periods. Serum progesterone was analyzed by RIA from blood samples 3 collected twice weekly beginning when the lambs were 23 weeks old. This hormone was used to measure the onset of puberty.Serum cortisol was also assayed by RIA from the blood samples collected during the 48-hour samples. This was done to assess whether exposure to the transmission line produced stress in the growing lambs.Other supplemental biological data collected included body weight gain, wool growth, and behavior.1 extensive study was conducted by engineers from the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) to measure electric and magnetic fields and noise to which the lambs were exposed. Tnis was accomplished by installing permanent monitors near both the control and line pens.Results showed that lambs in both the control and line groups had the typical pattern of melatonin secretion consisting of low daytime and high nighttime serum concentrations. There were no statistically significant differences between groups in melatonin levels, or in the phase or duration of the nighttime melatonin elevation. Age at puberty and number of reproductive cycles also did not differ between groups.Serum cortisol showed a circadian rhythm with highest concentrations during the day. Cortisol concentrations also seemed to reflect effects of known stressors on livestock, e.g., weaning, introduction to new housing, and vehicle transport. There were, however, no differences in cortisol concentrations between groups.Statistical analyses on other biological parameter...

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Chronic exposure to 60‐Hz electric fields: Effects on pineal function in the rat

Cited by 168 publications

References 18 publications

The Melatonin Hypothesis: Electric Power and Breast Cancer

The Melatonin Hypothesis: Electric Power and Breast Cancer

Antioxidant Effects of Allium cepa and Cinnamon on Sex Hormones and Serum Antioxidant Capacity in Female Rats Exposed to Power Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields

Seasonal Patterns of Melatonin, Cortisol, and Progesterone Secretion in Female Lambs Raised Beneath a 500-kV Transmission Line

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