Chronic Diarrhea: The Role of Magnesium

Ho, J-Ian; Moyer, Thomas P.; Phillips, Sidney F.

doi:10.4065/70.11.1091

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Since some side effects of orally administered V and Mg have been described in humans (Ho et al, 1995;Nordt et al, 1996;Domingo, 2000Domingo, , 2002Ranade and Somberg, 2001), we decided to study the changes in certain biomarkers of oxidative stress previously examined in the liver of rats (Ścibior et al, 2009) and explore them in the kidney of these animals both in in vivo and in vitro conditions to gain better knowledge of some of the toxicological effects of the two elements. Special attention has been paid to Mg because, although it is reported to be relatively nontoxic, in certain conditions it may also stimulate LPO (Niedworok et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid peroxidation in the kidney of rats treated with V and/or Mg in drinking water

Ścibior

Zaporowska

Niedźwiecka

2010

J of Applied Toxicology

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Spontaneous and stimulated lipid peroxidation (LPO) after vanadate and magnesium treatment was studied in kidney supernatants obtained from outbred 5-month-old, albino male Wistar rats. The 2-month-old animals daily received: group I (control), deionized water to drink; group II, water solution of sodium metavanadate, NaVO(3) (SMV, 0.125 mg V ml(-1)); group III, water solution of magnesium sulfate, MgSO(4) (MS, 0.06 mg Mg ml(-1)); and group IV, water solution of SMV-MS at the same concentrations as in groups II and III for V and Mg, respectively, over a 12-week period. FeSO(4), NaVO(3) and MgSO(4) were selected as agents that may modify LPO process in in vitro conditions. Spontaneous malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in kidney supernatants increased significantly in the rats in groups II and IV, compared with groups I and III; and they were also significantly higher in all the groups of rats compared with the liver supernatants. The total antioxidant status (TAS) in groups II and IV tended to be higher too. Vanadium concentration in the kidney of the rats in groups II and IV increased, whereas the kidney Mg content in groups II, III and IV decreased, compared with levels in the liver. As the two-way ANOVA indicated, the changes in the basal MDA level, TAS and Mg concentration in the liver of rats at combined V and Mg application only resulted from independent action of V. As far as the in vitro results are concerned, in the supernatants obtained from the rats in groups II and IV, a significant increase in MDA level was demonstrated in the presence of 30 microm of exogenous FeSO(4) as well as 30, 100, 200 and 400 microm NaVO(3) and 100, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 microm MgSO(4), compared with groups I and III. The 600, 800 and 1000 microm of exogenous MgSO(4) also significantly elevated MDA production in the supernatants obtained from the rats in group III, compared with spontaneously formed MDA in the same supernatants. The three-way ANOVA showed that the changes in LPO induced by in vitro treatment of kidney supernatants with exogenous Fe or V or Mg (600, 800 and 1000 microm) were a consequence of independent action of those metals and they also resulted from the interactions between exogenous Fe (Fe(exog)) and endogenous V (V(end)) and between V(end) and exogenous V (V(exog)). In conclusion, V (as NaVO(3)) consumed by the rats with drinking water at a dose of 12.9 mg V kg(-1) b.w. per 24 h for 12 weeks increased the basal LPO and markedly enhanced TAS in the renal tissue. Its pro-oxidant potential was also found in in vitro conditions. The Mg dose (6 mg Mg kg(-1) b.w. per 24 h) ingested by the rats together with V (12.7 mg V kg(-1) b.w. per 24 h) neither reduced nor intensified the spontaneous LPO, compared with V-only intoxicated animals; however, the stimulating effect of Mg on LPO was revealed in in vitro conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid peroxidation in the kidney of rats treated with V and/or Mg in drinking water

Ścibior

Zaporowska

Niedźwiecka

2010

J of Applied Toxicology

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“…Magnesium concentration may also be related to wet weight of faeces. Concentrations exceeding 100 mmol/kg are suggestive of magnesium abuse, 38,47 but the results from control patients overlap those from diarrhoea patients. 38 Fine et al 15 suggested a daily faecal magnesium output above 14´6 mmol as a cut-off.…”

Section: Analysis Of Faecal Magnesiummentioning

confidence: 91%

Screening for surreptitious laxative abuse

Duncan¹

2000

Ann Clin Biochem

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Purgative use, along with blood-letting, has been a mainstay of medical therapy for the last two millennia. Nowadays, prescription laxatives are usually reserved for treating severe constipation or as a bowel washout. 1 However, over-thecounter laxatives are freely available and sold in huge quantities. 2 Chronic laxative use is undoubtedly common and, if excessive, may cause symptoms, the most common being diarrhoea, abdominal pain, general weakness, weight loss, nausea and vomiting. 3 The only sign suggestive

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“…Persons ingesting significant amounts of magnesium-based antacids or high-potency multimineral-multivitamin supplements may have significant diarrhea with stool weights up to 2000 g/24 h [268,269]. Occasionally, magnesiumcontaining laxatives are a cause of surreptitious diarrhea [268][269][270].…”

Section: Magnesium-induced Diarrheamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Occasionally, magnesiumcontaining laxatives are a cause of surreptitious diarrhea [268][269][270]. Magnesium in tube-feeding preparations may play a role in the diarrhea of patients receiving high-volume liquid feedings [271].…”

Section: Magnesium-induced Diarrheamentioning

confidence: 99%

Approach to the Patient with Diarrhea

Powell¹

2008

Principles of Clinical Gastroenterology

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Chronic Diarrhea: The Role of Magnesium

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Lipid peroxidation in the kidney of rats treated with V and/or Mg in drinking water

Lipid peroxidation in the kidney of rats treated with V and/or Mg in drinking water

Screening for surreptitious laxative abuse

Approach to the Patient with Diarrhea

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