Chronic complications in newly diagnosed patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in India

Abstract

Background:Prevalence of diabetes is on an increase in India, currently there is limited nation-wide data regarding the prevalence of chronic complications in diabetic patients at diagnosis. This information will help health-care professionals approach management more aggressively to prevent complications.Objective:To determine the prevalence of chronic complications in newly-diagnosed Type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients in India.Design and Methods:This was a cross-sectional survey of T2D patients, diagnosed within 3 months of their first visit to the centers doing the survey. Each patient was screened for diabetic complications, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and body mass index. Family history was recorded. Standard protocols were used to make the diagnosis of retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy. Data analysis was carried out using the standard statistical techniques.Results:Of the total 4,600 (males 67%, females 33%) newly diagnosed patients with T2D, majority were from the age group 41-50 years (40%). 13.15% of newly detected India T2D had neuropathy 6.1% had retinopathy and 1.06% had nephropathy. Risk factors of macro vascular complication such as hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia were observed in 23.3%, 26%, and 27% of patients respectively. Ischemic heart disease was noticed in 6%.Conclusion:High prevalence of micro vascular complications was present at diagnosis along with association of CV cardiovascular risk factors among Indian T2D. In view of this, screening must be instituted for all diabetics for complications at the time of diagnosis itself.

Clinical Study to Evaluate the Association Between Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Diabetes Mellitus in Poorly Controlled Patients Whose HbA1c >8

“…These complications are the cause of considerable morbidity and mortality and negatively affect the quality of life in individuals with diabetes [4]. A high prevalence of such complications, if documented, will help to convince the physicians of the importance of screening for these complications in all Type 2 diabetics (T2D) at presentation, for appropriate implementation of treatment without delay [3]. One of the known complications of DM is hearing impairment, especially hearing loss and tinnitus, which leads to a decreased quality of life among those affected [4].…”

Glycaemic status is an important risk factor for the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients

“…12 The prevalence of any diabetic retinopathy among people with newly diagnosed type-2 diabetes was 28%, which is less than the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, 35-39%, 13 . With best of my knowledge this is the only study to screen diabetic retinopathy at tertiary health care in north India in newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus.…”

Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Clinical Practice: Impact beyond Glycemic Control

“…To make matters worse, the onset of diabetes is a decade earlier among Indians and generally associated with a poor and inadequate beta cell reserve due to a delay in diagnosis. 6,7 The prevailing therapies in the management of type 2 diabetes have several limitations and flaws like weight gain, risk of hypoglycemia, gastrointestinal side effects, and the inability to maintain effective and persistent longterm glycemic control. However, with the advent of this novel class of SGLT-2 inhibitors, the shortcomings in the current pharmacological therapies will be addressed effectively.…”