Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency and Multiple Sclerosis

Assessment of cerebral venous return by a novel plethysmography method

“…Several reports [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] have shown that CCSVI might be frequently associated with MS. Although the relationship between these two conditions is not well understood, 23,24 our study seems to confirm abnormalities in cerebral venous outflow in a vast proportion of patients with MS. We also know that morphology and location of venous outflow restriction can be different from patient to patient and also the extent and the flow of substitute circles. 37 Consequently, venous drainage dynamics will tend to vary from patient to patient depending on the specific nature of the stenosis experienced.…”

Assessment of cerebral venous return by a novel plethysmography method

“…Several reports [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] have shown that CCSVI might be frequently associated with MS. Although the relationship between these two conditions is not well understood, 23,24 our study seems to confirm abnormalities in cerebral venous outflow in a vast proportion of patients with MS. We also know that morphology and location of venous outflow restriction can be different from patient to patient and also the extent and the flow of substitute circles. 37 Consequently, venous drainage dynamics will tend to vary from patient to patient depending on the specific nature of the stenosis experienced.…”

Comparison of the sagittal sinus cross-sectional area between patients with multiple sclerosis, hydrocephalus, intracranial hypertension and spontaneous intracranial hypotension: a surrogate marker of venous transmural pressure?

“…However, this would need to be due to an increase in venous pressure rather than a decrease in ICP. The notion that there is an elevation in venous pressure in MS has been extensively investigated, reviewed and disputed [18–20]. Therefore the cause for the dilatation is undefined and awaits further study.…”

Extracranial Venous Drainage Pattern in Multiple Sclerosis and Healthy Controls: Application of the 2011 Diagnostic Criteria for Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency

“…In the same study, none of the healthy controls fulfilled the criteria for CCSVI diagnosis [6] . However, different subsequent studies examining CCSVI prevalence in MS were unable to confirm Zamboni's 2009 findings [9,10] .…”

Assessment of cerebral venous return by a novel plethysmography method

“…Several reports [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] have shown that CCSVI might be frequently associated with MS. Although the relationship between these two conditions is not well understood, 23,24 our study seems to confirm abnormalities in cerebral venous outflow in a vast proportion of patients with MS. We also know that morphology and location of venous outflow restriction can be different from patient to patient and also the extent and the flow of substitute circles. 37 Consequently, venous drainage dynamics will tend to vary from patient to patient depending on the specific nature of the stenosis experienced.…”

Comparison of the sagittal sinus cross-sectional area between patients with multiple sclerosis, hydrocephalus, intracranial hypertension and spontaneous intracranial hypotension: a surrogate marker of venous transmural pressure?

“…However, this would need to be due to an increase in venous pressure rather than a decrease in ICP. The notion that there is an elevation in venous pressure in MS has been extensively investigated, reviewed and disputed [18–20]. Therefore the cause for the dilatation is undefined and awaits further study.…”

Extracranial Venous Drainage Pattern in Multiple Sclerosis and Healthy Controls: Application of the 2011 Diagnostic Criteria for Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency

“…In the same study, none of the healthy controls fulfilled the criteria for CCSVI diagnosis [6] . However, different subsequent studies examining CCSVI prevalence in MS were unable to confirm Zamboni's 2009 findings [9,10] .…”

Assessment of cerebral venous return by a novel plethysmography method

“…Several reports [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] have shown that CCSVI might be frequently associated with MS. Although the relationship between these two conditions is not well understood, 23,24 our study seems to confirm abnormalities in cerebral venous outflow in a vast proportion of patients with MS. We also know that morphology and location of venous outflow restriction can be different from patient to patient and also the extent and the flow of substitute circles. 37 Consequently, venous drainage dynamics will tend to vary from patient to patient depending on the specific nature of the stenosis experienced.…”

Comparison of the sagittal sinus cross-sectional area between patients with multiple sclerosis, hydrocephalus, intracranial hypertension and spontaneous intracranial hypotension: a surrogate marker of venous transmural pressure?

“…However, this would need to be due to an increase in venous pressure rather than a decrease in ICP. The notion that there is an elevation in venous pressure in MS has been extensively investigated, reviewed and disputed [18–20]. Therefore the cause for the dilatation is undefined and awaits further study.…”

Extracranial Venous Drainage Pattern in Multiple Sclerosis and Healthy Controls: Application of the 2011 Diagnostic Criteria for Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency

“…In the same study, none of the healthy controls fulfilled the criteria for CCSVI diagnosis [6] . However, different subsequent studies examining CCSVI prevalence in MS were unable to confirm Zamboni's 2009 findings [9,10] .…”