Chronic Cannabis Abuse, Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and Thyroid Function

Bonnet, Udo

doi:10.1055/s-0032-1316342

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…In a cross-sectional, case-control study, chronic cannabis use was associated with visceral adiposity and adipose tissue insulin resistance, but it was not associated with hepatic steatosis, insulin insensitivity, impaired pancreatic -cell function, or glucose intolerance [108]. Chronic cannabis use had no relevant influence on thyroid function (TSH, total T3, and free T4) in humans [109].…”

Section: Iii76 Metabolic Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Acute and Long-Term Effects of Cannabis Use: A Review

Karila¹,

Roux²,

Rolland³

et al. 2014

CPD

231

142

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Cannabis remains the most commonly used and trafficked illicit drug in the world. Its use is largely concentrated among young people (15- to 34-year-olds). There is a variety of cannabis use patterns, ranging from experimental use to dependent use. Men are more likely than women to report both early initiation and frequent use of cannabis. Due to the high prevalence of cannabis use, the impact of cannabis on public health may be significant. A range of acute and chronic health problems associated with cannabis use has been identified. Cannabis can frequently have negative effects in its users, which may be amplified by certain demographic and/or psychosocial factors. Acute adverse effects include hyperemesis syndrome, impaired coordination and performance, anxiety, suicidal ideations/tendencies, and psychotic symptoms. Acute cannabis consumption is also associated with an increased risk of motor vehicle crashes, especially fatal collisions. Evidence indicates that frequent and prolonged use of cannabis can be detrimental to both mental and physical health. Chronic effects of cannabis use include mood disorders, exacerbation of psychotic disorders in vulnerable people, cannabis use disorders, withdrawal syndrome, neurocognitive impairments, cardiovascular and respiratory and other diseases.

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Section: Iii76 Metabolic Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Acute and Long-Term Effects of Cannabis Use: A Review

Karila¹,

Roux²,

Rolland³

et al. 2014

CPD

231

142

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“…Chronic use of cannabis has not been shown to effect thyroid function (100). Acute pancreatitis linked to cannabis use has been reported in a 22-year old male who presented with epigastric pain, nausea, and emesis (101).…”

Section: Medical Adverse Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marijuana: Current Concepts†

Greydanus¹,

Hawver²,

Greydanus³

et al. 2013

Front. Public Health

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Marijuana (cannabis) remains a controversial drug in the twenty-first century. This paper considers current research on use of Cannabis sativa and its constituents such as the cannabinoids. Topics reviewed include prevalence of cannabis (pot) use, other drugs consumed with pot, the endocannabinoid system, use of medicinal marijuana, medical adverse effects of cannabis, and psychiatric adverse effects of cannabis use. Treatment of cannabis withdrawal and dependence is difficult and remains mainly based on psychological therapy; current research on pharmacologic management of problems related to cannabis consumption is also considered. The potential role of specific cannabinoids for medical benefit will be revealed as the twenty-first century matures. However, potential dangerous adverse effects from smoking marijuana are well known and should be clearly taught to a public that is often confused by a media-driven, though false message and promise of benign pot consumption.

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“…Associations between depression and level of TSH compared to healthy controls have been found in previous studies [ 8 , 10 ]. In studies on cannabis users reduced levels of TSH have been reported [ 19 , 20 ]. There was no significant association between FT4 and any of the diagnostic groups in our cohort.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FT4 and TSH, relation to diagnoses in an unselected psychiatric acute-ward population, and change during acute psychiatric admission

2018

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BackgroundAlteration in thyroid activity is a well-known cause of symptoms mimicking psychiatric disorders. There are reports on altered levels of thyroid hormones in patients with certain psychiatric disorders compared to healthy controls; still, the magnitude and importance of the phenomenon is not known. We wanted to explore the level of thyroid hormones in different diagnostic groups in an acute-psychiatric population. We also wanted to follow any change during their stay.MethodsPatients aged 18 years and older admitted to a closed, psychiatric inpatient ward were eligible if giving informed consent. For 539 patients representing all main psychiatric diagnostic groups and with equal gender distribution, data for FT4 were available for 539 patients, and data for TSH were available from 538 patients at admittance. For 239 patients, data for FT4 were available at both admittance and discharge, and the corresponding number for TSH was 236 patients.ResultsA significantly higher share of patients had higher levels of FT4 and TSH at admittance than expected for healthy individuals. No significant effect of gender or most diagnostic groups was seen.For female patients with substance-use disorder (SUD), the level of TSH was significantly lower than that for all other diagnostic groups. No other difference in the levels of FT4 and TSH was seen between the main diagnostic groups, and the effect in SUD was not seen in males.For the population with available markers at both admittance and discharge, in total, there was a significant reduction of FT4 from admittance to discharge, not followed by any change in TSH.ConclusionsIn acutely admitted psychiatric patients there seems to be an increased FT4 and TSH. FT4 is normalized during the inpatient stay independently of TSH. This indicates somatic effects of psychiatric stress that may be of clinical importance and the phenomenon should be further explored. Mainly different diagnostic groups did not differ in level of FT4 and TSH. Thus future studies on thyroid activity in psychiatric patients should focus on function and level of stress and suffering rather than diagnostic groups.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12888-018-1819-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Chronic Cannabis Abuse, Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and Thyroid Function

Cited by 16 publications

References 5 publications

Acute and Long-Term Effects of Cannabis Use: A Review

Acute and Long-Term Effects of Cannabis Use: A Review

Marijuana: Current Concepts†

FT4 and TSH, relation to diagnoses in an unselected psychiatric acute-ward population, and change during acute psychiatric admission

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