Chronic alcoholism and bone remodeling processes: Caveats and considerations for the forensic anthropologist

Michael, Amy R.; Bengtson, Jennifer

doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2015.11.022

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Histology is considered the most accurate method for dating fractures and the most precise in the early healing stages, when the gross examination of the outer bone surface does not give a complete picture of the biology of the tissue’s reaction 2 , 8 , 19 , 37 , 39 , 40 . Histology proved to be superior to both conventional radiology (CR) and CT scanning 10 but it is also a destructive method that requires specific training for interpretation 17 , 25 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of micro-CT for dating post-cranial fractures of known post-traumatic ages through 3D measurements of the trabecular inner morphology

Viero

Biehler‐Gomez

Messina

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Fracture dating is an issue at the forefront of forensic sciences. While dating fracture is crucial to understanding and verifying the chronology of events in cases of abuse and violent death, its application is the subject of considerable discussion in the scientific community, filled with limitations and difficulties. Current methods for fracture dating are mainly based on a qualitative assessment through macroscopy, microscopy, and imaging and subject to variations depending on the experience of the observer. In this paper, we investigated the potential of quantifiable micro-CT analysis for fracture dating. Five histomorphometric parameters commonly used for the study of the 3D bone trabecular microarchitecture with micro-CT were calculated based on nine fractures of known post-traumatic ages, including the degree of anisotropy, connectivity density, bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness, and trabecular separation. As a result, trends in the evolution of the microarchitecture of the bone relative to age of the callus could be identified, in particular concerning anisotropy, trabecular separation and connectivity density, consistent with the healing bone process. The findings obtained in this pilot study encourage further research in quantifiable parameters of the bone microarchitecture as they could represent useful features for the construction of objective models for fracture dating.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of micro-CT for dating post-cranial fractures of known post-traumatic ages through 3D measurements of the trabecular inner morphology

Viero

Biehler‐Gomez

Messina

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…While continuing to draw clinical interest, these two diseases are also regularly diagnosed and investigated in anthropological contexts using a combination of macroscopic and microscopic methodologies, including gross examination, radiology, and histomorphometry (Agarwal, 2012; Cho & Stout, 2003; Kesterke & Judd, 2019; Mays, 2010). In particular, bone turnover‐related porosity, including that of an aged or diseased state, is characteristic of bone health, which is greatly influenced by lifestyle, age, sex, and gender, and thus continues to generate interest within biological anthropology (Agarwal, 2021; Curate, 2014; Madimenos, 2015; Márquez‐Grant et al, 2022; Michael & Bengtson, 2016; Miszkiewicz & Cooke, 2019; van Spelde et al, 2021).…”

Section: Internal Turnover: the Frostian Definition Of Remodelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The various meanings and uses of bone “remodeling” in biological anthropology: A review

Wei

Cooper

2023

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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ObjectivesIn modern bone biology, the term “remodeling” generally refers to internal bone turnover that creates secondary osteons. However, it is also widely used by skeletal biologists, including biological anthropologists as a catch‐all term to refer to different skeletal changes. In this review, we investigated how “remodeling” is used across topics on skeletal biology in biological anthropology to demonstrate potential problems with such pervasive use of a generalized term.MethodsUsing PubMed and Google Scholar, we selected and reviewed 205 articles that use the term remodeling to describe skeletal processes and have anthropological implications. Nine edited volumes were also reviewed as examples of collaborative work by different experts to demonstrate the diverse and extensive use of the term remodeling.ResultsFour general meanings of bone “remodeling” were identified, namely, internal turnover, functional adaptation, fracture repair, and growth remodeling. Additionally, remodeling is also used to refer to a broad array of pathological skeletal changes.DiscussionAlthough we initially identified four general meanings of bone remodeling, they are not mutually exclusive and often occur in combination. The term “remodeling” has become an extensively used catch‐all term to refer to different processes and outcomes of skeletal changes, which inevitably lead to misunderstanding and a loss of information. Such ambiguity and confusion are potentially problematic as the field of biological anthropology becomes increasingly multidisciplinary. Therefore, we advocate for precise, context‐specific definitions and explanations of bone remodeling as it continues to be used across disciplines within and beyond biological anthropology.

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“…14 Chronic alcohol abuse can result in low bone density, [15][16][17][18] bone fragility and fractures. 15,[19][20][21] Data from animal studies show that alcohol abuse is associated with significantly reduced osteogenesis 22 and delayed implant osteointegration, 23 which is at least partially, due to the significantly reduced osteoblastogenesis. 24 Alcoholism can result in compromised osteoinduction, leading to compromised bone defect healing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>The Antagonist of Retinoic Acid Receptor α, ER-50891 Antagonizes the Inhibitive Effect of All-Trans Retinoic Acid and Rescues Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2-Induced Osteoblastogenic Differentiation</p>

Wang¹,

Bi²,

Liu³

et al. 2020

DDDT

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Background: Hypervitaminosis A, alcoholism or medical treatment for acute promyelocytic leukaemia may cause unphysiologically high accumulation of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), which could inhibit osteoblastogenesis, thereby triggering osteoporosis. We have shown that bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) can only partially antagonize the inhibitive effects of ATRA. In this study, we hypothesized that antagonists of retinoic acid receptors (RARs) could further antagonize the inhibitive effect of ATRA and rescue BMP2-induced osteoblastogenesis. Materials and Methods: We first screened the dose-dependent effects of the specific antagonists of RAR α, β and γ and transforming growth factor-beta receptor (ER-50891, LE-135, MM11253, and SB-43142, respectively) on ATRA-induced inhibition of the total cell metabolic activity and proliferation of preosteoblasts. We selected ER-50891 and tested its effects on osteoblastogenesis with the presence or absence of 1 μM ATRA and/or 200 ng/mL BMP-2. We measured the following parameters: Alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN) expression and extracellular matrix mineralization as well as the level of phosphorylated Smad1/5. Results: ER-50891 but not LE-135, MM11253, or SB-431542 significantly antagonized the inhibition of ATRA and enhanced the total cell metabolic activity and proliferation of preosteoblasts. Dose-dependent assays show ER-50891 could also rescue ATRA inhibited OCN expression and mineralization with or without the induction of BMP. ER-50891 also suppressed the ALP activity that was synergistically enhanced by BMP and ATRA. Neither ATRA, nor ER-50891 or their combination significantly affected the level of BMP-induced phosphorylated Smad1/5. Conclusion: The antagonist of RARα, ER-50891 could significantly attenuate ATRA's inhibitive effects on BMP 2-induced osteoblastogenesis.

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Chronic alcoholism and bone remodeling processes: Caveats and considerations for the forensic anthropologist

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Utility of micro-CT for dating post-cranial fractures of known post-traumatic ages through 3D measurements of the trabecular inner morphology

Utility of micro-CT for dating post-cranial fractures of known post-traumatic ages through 3D measurements of the trabecular inner morphology

The various meanings and uses of bone “remodeling” in biological anthropology: A review

<p>The Antagonist of Retinoic Acid Receptor α, ER-50891 Antagonizes the Inhibitive Effect of All-Trans Retinoic Acid and Rescues Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2-Induced Osteoblastogenic Differentiation</p>

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