Chronic administration of a Ginkgo biloba leaf extract facilitates acquisition but not performance of a working memory task

Satvat, Elham; Mallet, Paul E.

doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1223-7

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…, 2009) and a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (Stackman et al. , 2003) as well as to improve acquisition of working memory in rats (Satvat and Mallet, 2009). However, the precise neurochemical correlates of these behavioural effects of G. biloba are not known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In animal experiments, G. biloba extracts were shown to improve spatial memory deficits in aged rats (Wang et al, 2006;Blecharz-Klin et al, 2009) and a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (Stackman et al, 2003) as well as to improve acquisition of working memory in rats (Satvat and Mallet, 2009). However, the precise neurochemical correlates of these behavioural effects of G. biloba are not known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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TheGinkgo bilobaextract EGb 761^®and its main constituent flavonoids and ginkgolides increase extracellular dopamine levels in the rat prefrontal cortex

Yoshitake

Kehr

2010

British J Pharmacology

118

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Background and purpose:Experimental and clinical data suggest that extracts of Ginkgo biloba improve cognitive function. However, the neurochemical correlates of these effects are not yet fully clarified. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of acute and repeated oral administration of the standardized extract EGb 761 ® on extracellular levels of dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin (5-HT), and the dopamine metabolites 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and striatum of conscious rats. ) had no effect on monoamine levels. However, following chronic (100 mg·kg -1 /14 days/once daily) treatment, the same dose significantly increased extracellular dopamine and noradrenaline levels, while 5-HT levels were unaffected. Chronic treatment with EGb 761 showed dose-dependent increases in frontocortical dopamine levels and, to a lesser extent, in the striatum. The extracellular levels of HVA and DOPAC were not affected by either acute or repeated doses. Treatment with the main constituents of EGb 761 revealed that the increase in dopamine levels was mostly caused by the flavonol glycosides and ginkgolide fractions, whereas bilobalide treatment was without effect. Conclusions and implications:The present results demonstrate that chronic but not acute treatment with EGb 761 increased dopaminergic transmission in the PFC. This finding may be one of the mechanisms underlying the reported effects of G. biloba in improving cognitive function. Pharmacology (2010) 159, 659-668; doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00580.x; published online 25 January 2010 British Journal ofKeywords: Ginkgo biloba; microdialysis; monoamines; dopamine; noradrenaline; serotonin; prefrontal cortex; cognitive function Abbreviations: CMC, carboxymethylcellulose; DOPAC, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography; HVA, homovanillic acid; MAO, monoamine oxidase; PFC, prefrontal cortex IntroductionExtracts of Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761 ® ) have been shown to exert beneficial effects as cognitive enhancers in ageing, anti-stress agents and in therapy of age-related neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (see DeFeudis and Drieu, 2000;DeFeudis, 2003;DeKosky and Furberg, 2008). A number of clinical studies have demonstrated that extracts of G. biloba, and particularly the standardized extract EGb 761, could ameliorate cognitive defects associated with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (Andrieu et al., 2003;Kanowski and Hoerr, 2003;Mazza et al., 2006;Napryeyenko et al., 2007;Scripnikov et al., 2007;Dodge et al., 2008). However, a recent Cochrane review on published randomized, double-blind, clinical trials has found that the use of G. biloba extracts was safe but the evidence for a significant benefit in people with dementia or cognitive impairment was inconsistent and unconvincing (Birks and Grimley Evans, 2007). In addition, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study on 3069 volunteers aged 75 years or older receiving EGb 761 a...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TheGinkgo bilobaextract EGb 761^®and its main constituent flavonoids and ginkgolides increase extracellular dopamine levels in the rat prefrontal cortex

Yoshitake

Kehr

2010

British J Pharmacology

118

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“…Experiments were conducted using male Sprague Dawley rats, weights ranging from 250 to 350g. Rats were trained to perform alternative run to get food reward [5] .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Ensemble Coding during Working Memory Task in Rat Prefrontal Cortex

Bai

Tian

2011

KEM

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Working memory is one of important cognitive functions and recent studies demonstrate that prefrontal cortex plays an important role in working memory. But the issue that how neural activity encodes during working memory task is still a question that lies at the heart of cognitive neuroscience. The aim of this study is to investigate neural ensemble coding mechanism via average firing rate during working memory task. Neural population activity was measured simultaneously from multiple electrodes placed in prefrontal cortex while rats were performing a working memory task in Y-maze. Then the original data was filtered by a high-pass filtering, spike detection and spike sorting, spatio-temporal trains of neural population were ultimately obtained. Then, the average firing rates were computed in a selected window (500ms) with a moving step (125ms). The results showed that the average firing rate were higher during workinig memory task, along with obvious ensemble activity. Conclusion: The results indicate that the working memory information is encoded with neural ensemble activity.

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“…Chronic administration of GBE reduced the progressive memory decline and neural circuits loss that are associated with aging and improved working memory and executive processing in both healthy individuals and rats [47,48]. GBE increased the oxidation resisting capacity of the hippocampus so preventing the hippocampus neurons from lipid peroxidation damage [49].…”

Section: Fig 2 a Photomicrograph Of The Hippocampus Of An Adult Albino Rat Showing Ca1 Area A) The Control Group: The Stratum Pyramidale mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ginkgo Biloba Extract and Troxerutin on the Hippocampus of Adult Albino Rats after Induction of Diabetes Mellitus

Ismail

Mahdy

Attia

et al. 2020

JAMMR

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This study aimed to assess the effects of Ginkgo Biloba Extract and Troxerutin on the hippocampus of induced diabetes mellitus in adult albino rats using histological methods.50 adult male albino rats were divided into three groups; Group I (Control); Group II (diabetic): subdivided into Subgroup IIa (T1DM)), Subgroup IIb (T1DM+GBE), Subgroup IIc (T1DM+ troxerutin); Group III: subdivided into Subgroup IIIa (GBE) and Subgroup IIIb (troxerutin). The brain was removed and the cerebral hemisphere was coronally cut at the hippocampal level and used for light microscopic study (H&E staining and PCNA immunostaining). There was a statistically insignificant improvement in animal weights in subgroup IIb and subgroup IIc. Subgroup IIb showed a statistically significant reduction of blood glucose levels while the subgroup IIc showed insignificant reduction of blood glucose levels. Diabetes disturbed the light microscopic structure of the hippocampus. In subgroup IIb and subgroup IIc the hippocampus retained an apparently normal appearance and the stratum pyramidale exhibited the pyramidal cells with rounded vesicular nuclei and acidophilic cytoplasm. Diabetic hippocampal sections revealed negative PCNA immunoreactivity in all layers of DG. In subgroup IIb and subgroup IIc, hippocampal sections showed positive immunoreactivity.

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Chronic administration of a Ginkgo biloba leaf extract facilitates acquisition but not performance of a working memory task

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

TheGinkgo bilobaextract EGb 761^®and its main constituent flavonoids and ginkgolides increase extracellular dopamine levels in the rat prefrontal cortex

TheGinkgo bilobaextract EGb 761^®and its main constituent flavonoids and ginkgolides increase extracellular dopamine levels in the rat prefrontal cortex

Neural Ensemble Coding during Working Memory Task in Rat Prefrontal Cortex

Effects of Ginkgo Biloba Extract and Troxerutin on the Hippocampus of Adult Albino Rats after Induction of Diabetes Mellitus

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Chronic administration of a Ginkgo biloba leaf extract facilitates acquisition but not performance of a working memory task

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

TheGinkgo bilobaextract EGb 761®and its main constituent flavonoids and ginkgolides increase extracellular dopamine levels in the rat prefrontal cortex

TheGinkgo bilobaextract EGb 761®and its main constituent flavonoids and ginkgolides increase extracellular dopamine levels in the rat prefrontal cortex

Neural Ensemble Coding during Working Memory Task in Rat Prefrontal Cortex

Effects of Ginkgo Biloba Extract and Troxerutin on the Hippocampus of Adult Albino Rats after Induction of Diabetes Mellitus

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Product

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TheGinkgo bilobaextract EGb 761^®and its main constituent flavonoids and ginkgolides increase extracellular dopamine levels in the rat prefrontal cortex

TheGinkgo bilobaextract EGb 761^®and its main constituent flavonoids and ginkgolides increase extracellular dopamine levels in the rat prefrontal cortex