Chromosome pairing in the o�gonial cells of Drosophila melanogaster

Grell, Rhoda F.; Day, John W.

doi:10.1007/bf00285834

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…A possible case in point is Grell's (1964) genetic finding that nonhomologous chromosome pairing is dependent upon chromosome length. Cytologically, this is confirmed by Grell and Day (1970) in female Drosophila melanogaster oocytes. They find that the frequency of nonhomologous pairing ranges between 27 and 47 percent and shows a positive correlation with size similarities between the homologues.…”

Section: Predicted Effectssupporting

confidence: 48%

Interphase chromosome order: A proposal

Pussell

1984

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A model for the arrangement of chromosomes in interphase nuclei is proposed. The model assumes that interphase chromosomes have a Rabl orientation (a relic telophase arrangement). During interphase and prophase telomeres are attached to the nuclear envelope often in pairs. The association of telomeres, homologous or nonhomologous, is based on similarity of arm lengths and occurs at the time the nuclear envelope reforms. At this stage arm lengths will vary to some extent due to the amount of uncoiling etc. The sequence of chromosomes resulting from telomere-telomere pairing may vary among cells, but the number of arrangements will be restricted by arm length similarities.The ramifications of this model on meiotic pairing, the constant attachment of chromosomes to some structure throughout the cell cycle, the distribution of genes within nuclei, and chromosome evolution are raised.

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Section: Predicted Effectssupporting

confidence: 48%

Interphase chromosome order: A proposal

Pussell

1984

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“…Meiotic pairing is thus viewed as an extension of a pre-existing somatic pairing. Live-imaging provided strong support for this hypothesis in males, and in females, it is known that homologous chromosomes are already paired when cysts enter region 2 [8]–[12]. Recently, an additional organization of meiotic chromosomes was described in Drosophila females, whereby centromeres of all chromosomes aggregate into one or two clusters [13]–[14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Synaptonemal Complex Components Promote Centromere Pairing in Pre-meiotic Germ Cells

2013

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Mitosis and meiosis are two distinct cell division programs. During mitosis, sister chromatids separate, whereas during the first meiotic division, homologous chromosomes pair and then segregate from each other. In most organisms, germ cells do both programs sequentially, as they first amplify through mitosis, before switching to meiosis to produce haploid gametes. Here, we show that autosomal chromosomes are unpaired at their centromeres in Drosophila germline stem cells, and become paired during the following four mitosis of the differentiating daughter cell. Surprisingly, we further demonstrate that components of the central region of the synaptonemal complex are already expressed in the mitotic region of the ovaries, localize close to centromeres, and promote de novo association of centromeres. Our results thus show that meiotic proteins and meiotic organization of centromeres, which are key features to ensure reductional segregation, are laid out in amplifying germ cells, before meiosis has started.

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“…studies have suggested that chromosomes are homologously paired prior to meiosis in the female germline Because homolog pairing appeared normal in translocation heterozygotes, we propose that the reduction in (Grell and Day 1970), but these studies were based on the analysis of spread metaphase chromosomes. Our meiotic recombination is due to defects in chromosome structure or organization ( Figure 5).…”

Section: Mechanism Of Sc Formation In Drosophilamentioning

confidence: 96%

Meiotic Recombination in Drosophila Females Depends on Chromosome Continuity Between Genetically Defined Boundaries

et al. 2005

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In the pairing-site model, specialized regions on each chromosome function to establish meiotic homolog pairing. Analysis of these sites could provide insights into the mechanism used by Drosophila females to form a synaptonemal complex (SC) in the absence of meiotic recombination. These specialized sites were first established on the X chromosome by noting that there were barriers to crossover suppression caused by translocation heterozygotes. These sites were genetically mapped and proposed to be pairing sites. By comparing the cytological breakpoints of third chromosome translocations to their patterns of crossover suppression, we have mapped two sites on chromosome 3R. We have performed experiments to determine if these sites have a role in meiotic homolog pairing and the initiation of recombination. Translocation heterozygotes exhibit reduced gene conversion within the crossover-suppressed region, consistent with an effect on the initiation of meiotic recombination. To determine if homolog pairing is disrupted in translocation heterozygotes, we used fluorescent in situ hybridization to measure the extent of homolog pairing. In wild-type oocytes, homologs are paired along their entire lengths prior to accumulation of the SC protein C(3)G. Surprisingly, translocation heterozygotes exhibited homolog pairing similar to wild type within the crossover-suppressed regions. This result contrasted with our observations of c(3)G mutant females, which were found to be defective in pairing. We propose that each Drosophila chromosome is divided into several domains by specialized sites. These sites are not required for homolog pairing. Instead, the initiation of meiotic recombination requires continuity of the meiotic chromosome structure within each of these domains. M EIOTIC recombination usually occurs between sophila have supported the view that SC formation ocsimilar or identical sequences on homologous curs prior to DSB formation (Jang et al. 2003). chromosomes. In most organisms, at least part of the The presence of single-strand tails at DSB sites promeiotic recombination pathway occurs within the convides a mechanism for homology searching and chromotext of the synaptonemal complex (SC), which holds some alignment (Roeder 1997). In organisms like Droaligned homologous chromosomes together along their sophila and C. elegans, however, another mechanism entire lengths (von Wettstein et al. 1984). Surprisaside from recombination must exist to precisely align ingly, organisms can be classified into at least two types homolgous chromosomes during meiosis. Indeed, DSBon the basis of the relationship of double-strand-break independent mechanisms for aligning meiotic chromo-(DSB) formation to the SC. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, somes appear to be widespread. Similar to Drosophila DSB formation occurs prior to, and is required for, SC and C. elegans, homolog pairing in fission yeast involves a formation (Padmore et al. 1991). A similar course of DSB-independent component (Ding et al. 2004). While events occurs in...

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Chromosome pairing in the o�gonial cells of Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 18 publications

References 27 publications

Interphase chromosome order: A proposal

Interphase chromosome order: A proposal

Synaptonemal Complex Components Promote Centromere Pairing in Pre-meiotic Germ Cells

Meiotic Recombination in Drosophila Females Depends on Chromosome Continuity Between Genetically Defined Boundaries

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