Chromosome numbers of Carex section Siderostictae from Korea populations (Cyperaceae)

Chung, Kyong‐Sook; Yang, Jong Cheol; Lee, You-Mi

doi:10.11110/kjpt.2013.43.1.22

Cited by 8 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Among early diverging lineages in East and Southeast Asia, none of the species has been studied (Starr et al 2015, Ford et al 2017). In addition, only 15 species among 157 species native to Korea have chromosome numbers reported (Kim 2006, Oh 2007, Lee and Kim 2008, Chung et al 2013, 2016, 2017. Previous chromosome investigations of Korean species show polyploidy in Carex sect.…”

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Chromosome Counts of Six Korean <i>Carex</i> Species (Cyperaceae)

et al. 2018

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The meiotic chromosome numbers of six Carex species in three sections are counted; C. miyabei Franch. (n=42 II ) in sect. Carex, C. breviculmis R. Br. (n=31 II , 32 II , 33 II ), C. polyschoena H. Lév. & Vaniot (n=36 II , 37 II ), C. sabynensis Less. ex Kunth (n=27 II , 28 II ) in sect. Mitratae Kük., and C. heterolepis Bunge (n=37 II , 38 II , 40 II ) and C. forficula Franch. & Sav. (n=25 II , 27 II ) in sect. Phacocystis Dumort. The chromosome counts for C. miyabei, C. heterolepis, and C. forficula from Korean populations are verified for the first time.Considered with previous reports, all the species exhibit variations in chromosome number from n=4 to n=36. Contiguous variation in chromosome numbers and non-constricted meiotic chromosomes with holocentromeric nature suggest that aneuploidy and/or agmatoploidy and/or symploidy should have played an important role in the sections.

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“…Siderostictae Franch. ex Ohwi and also continuous variation in chromosome numbers within and among species in most sections (Chung et al 2013, 2016, 2017, Yano et al 2014).…”

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Chromosome Counts of Six Korean <i>Carex</i> Species (Cyperaceae)

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“…However, inflorescence structure varies considerably in the expanded Siderostictae clade. Section Siderostictae is characterized by terminal staminate or androgynous spikes and lateral androgynous spikes; that is, the main florescence terminates in a spike of male flowers, in some cases with proximal perigynia, and co‐florescences arising from the culm nodes are usually androgynous with proximal perigynia and distal male flowers (Chung et al ., ). Each paracladium comprises a subtending sheathing bract varying from spathe‐like to foliaceous, a cladoprophyll and an androgynous spike.…”

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confidence: 97%

“…Each female flower is enclosed by a perigynium from which the trifid style emerges, and both male flowers and perigynia are subtended by scale‐like glumes. All species in this clade have low chromosome numbers ( n = 6 or 12), and some species exhibit euploidy, in contrast with the aneuploid series that characterizes Carex (Escudero et al ., ; Chung, Yang & Lee, ; Yano et al ., ). However, inflorescence structure varies considerably in the expanded Siderostictae clade.…”

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confidence: 99%

MakingCarexmonophyletic (Cyperaceae, tribe Cariceae): a new broader circumscription

et al. 2015

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Carex (Cyperaceae), with an estimated 2000 species, nearly cosmopolitan distribution and broad range of habitats, is one of the largest angiosperm genera and the largest in the temperate zone. In this article, we provide argument and evidence for a broader circumscription of Carex to add all species currently classified in Cymophyllus (monotypic), Kobresia (c. 60 species), Schoenoxiphium (c. 15 species) and Uncinia (c. 70 species) to those currently classified as Carex. Carex and these genera comprise tribe Cariceae (subfamily Cyperoideae, Cyperaceae) and form a well‐supported monophyletic group in all molecular phylogenetic studies to date. Carex as defined here in the broad sense currently comprises at least four clades. Three are strongly supported (Siderostictae, core Vignea and core Carex), whereas the caricoid clade, which includes all the segregate genera, receives only weak to moderate support. The caricoid clade is most commonly split into two clades, one including a monophyletic Schoenoxiphium and two small clades of species of Carex s.s., and the other comprising Kobresia, Uncinia and mostly unispicate species of Carex s.s. Morphological variation is high in all but the Vignea clade, making it extremely difficult to define consistent synapomorphies for most clades. However, Carex s.l. as newly circumscribed here is clearly differentiated from the sister groups in tribe Scirpeae by the transition from bisexual flowers with a bristle perianth in the sister group to unisexual flowers without a perianth in Carex. The naked female flowers of Carex s.l. are at least partially enclosed in a flask‐shaped prophyll, termed a perigynium. Carex s.s. is not only by far the largest genus in the group, but also the earliest published name. As a result, only 72 new combinations and 58 replacement names are required to treat all of tribe Cariceae as a single genus Carex. We present the required transfers here, with synonymy, and we argue that this broader monophyletic circumscription of Carex reflects the close evolutionary relationships in the group and serves the goal of nomenclatural stability better than other possible treatments. © 2015 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015, 179, 1–42.

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“…Although chromosome number information is critical to understand Carex diversity, chromosome investigations on Korean Carex taxa have not been actively conducted. Among about 180 Korean native Carex, only 18 taxa have chromosome numbers reported (Kim, 2006;Lee and Kim, 2008;Chung et al, 2013;Chung et al, 2016Chung et al, , 2017Chung et al, 2018). The studies demonstrate polyploidy in Carex section Siderostictae Franch.…”

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Meiotic chromosome numbers of five Carex taxa in Korea (Cyperaceae)

Chung

2018

Korean J. Pl. Taxon

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Carex L. (Cyperaceae) is the largest angiosperm genus in the temperate zones with more than 2,000 species worldwide. Unusual chromosome structures, called holocentric chromosomes, have been postulated to contribute to species diversity in the genus. In Korea, this genus has the greatest number of species, but chromosome information as it pertains to the taxa is mostly unknown. Here, we report meiotic chromosome numbers of five Carex taxa in Korea. The following observations are made: Carex jaluensis Kom. (n = 27 I I). Except for C. planiculmis, all of the species exhibit variations in chromosome numbers within individuals and/or taxa. The findings with regard to chromosome number diversity in Carex suggest that chromosome number variation (aneuploidy, agmatoploidy and/or symploidy) plays an important role in the richness of the species in the genus. Further cytological investigations are needed for a better understanding of sedge diversity in Korean flora.

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Chromosome numbers of Carex section Siderostictae from Korea populations (Cyperaceae)

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Chromosome Counts of Six Korean <i>Carex</i> Species (Cyperaceae)

Chromosome Counts of Six Korean <i>Carex</i> Species (Cyperaceae)

MakingCarexmonophyletic (Cyperaceae, tribe Cariceae): a new broader circumscription

Meiotic chromosome numbers of five Carex taxa in Korea (Cyperaceae)

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