Chromosome numbers in species ofMentha

Sobti, S. N.

doi:10.1007/bf03051087

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…However, fertile hybrids are known, e.g., between the two diploid species M. longifolia L. (L.) (2 n = 24) and M. suaveolens Ehrh. (2 n = 24; Sobti, 1965; Harley and Brighton, 1977; Chambers and Hummer, 1994). In southwestern Europe, where these two taxa are sympatric, and in cultivation, they hybridize spontaneously to form the partly fertile hybrid complex M. ×rotundifolia L.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Figure 1A; Harley and Brighton, 1977). In addition, the widely cultivated M. spicata L. (spearmint; Singh and Pandey, 2018; Vining et al, 2020) is often interpreted as an allopolyploid (2 n = 48) formed from hybridization between M. longifolia and M. suaveolens (Figure 1A; Sobti, 1965; Harley and Brighton, 1977; Tucker et al, 1980; Chambers and Hummer, 1994; Gobert et al, 2002; Tucker and Naczi, 2007). Mentha spicata , in turn, is known to hybridize with its presumed parental species and with several other species of the genus (Figure 1B, C).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gene flow between ploidal levels has been described in other plant systems (e.g., Wang et al, 2020;Schmickl and Yant, 2021;Cao et al, 2023) and thus might be possible for mints as well. However, chromosome counts range between 36 and 72 for M. spicata (Sobti, 1965;Ahmad et al, 1992;Chambers and Hummer, 1994), and although diploid (2n = 24) counts dominate, there are also reports of polyploid (2n = 36/48) M. longifolia (Sobti, 1965;Harley and Brighton, 1977;Chambers and Hummer, 1994). Hence, it is possible that the observed genetic admixture between M. longifolia and part of the M. spicata complex is driven by interfertility between subpopulations of the two taxa with the same ploidy levels.…”

Section: Gene Flow Between Ploidy Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, we cannot make any firm conclusions about ploidy, but much evidence points to them being an allopolyploid. For example, although there is some variation in published chromosome counts, most studies indicate that M. spicata usually has twice as many chromosomes compared to M. longifolia and M. suaveolens (Sobti, 1965;Harley and Brighton, 1977;Ahmad et al, 1992;Chambers and Hummer, 1994). In contrast to M. ×rotundifolia, M. spicata has plastomes with low genetic diversity, and all but one sample clustered in a monophyletic clade with specimens of M. longifolia (Figure 3; Appendix S4, Figure S5).…”

Section: Origins and Genomic Histories Of Hybrids And Allopolyploidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and genetic evidence suggest gene flow among native and naturalized mint species

Olofsson,

Tyler,

Dunning

et al. 2024

American J of Botany

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PremiseCultivation and naturalization of plants beyond their natural range can bring previously geographically isolated taxa together, increasing the opportunity for hybridization, the outcomes of which are not predictable. Here, we explored the phenotypic and genomic effects of interspecific gene flow following the widespread cultivation of Mentha spicata (spearmint), M. longifolia, and M. suaveolens.MethodsWe morphologically evaluated 155 herbarium specimens of three Mentha species and sequenced the genomes of a subset of 93 specimens. We analyzed the whole genomes in a population and the phylogenetic framework and associated genomic classifications in conjunction with the morphological assessments.ResultsThe allopolyploid M. spicata, which likely evolved in cultivation, had altered trichome characters, that is possibly a product of human selection for a more palatable plant or a byproduct of selection for essential oils. There were signs of genetic admixture between mints, including allopolyploids, indicating that the reproductive barriers between Mentha species with differences in ploidy are likely incomplete. Still, despite gene flow between species, we found that genetic variants associated with the cultivated trichome morphology continue to segregate.ConclusionsAlthough hybridization, allopolyploidization, and human selection during cultivation can increase species richness (e.g., by forming hybrid taxa), we showed that unless reproductive barriers are strong, these processes can also result in mixing of genes between species and the potential loss of natural biodiversity.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gene Flow Between Ploidy Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Origins and Genomic Histories Of Hybrids And Allopolyploidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and genetic evidence suggest gene flow among native and naturalized mint species

Olofsson,

Tyler,

Dunning

et al. 2024

American J of Botany

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“…The cultivated natural M. spicata (Spearmint) is a sterile triploid known for its characteristic scent produced by carvone ( Croteau et al, 2005 ; Vining et al, 2020 ). M. arvensis (cornmint) also comes in a variety of ploidies but is primarily grown for its extremely high menthol concentration ( Sobti, 1965 ). The sterility of the various mints hinders conventional breeding techniques for improving agronomic traits but other genetic mutation and recombination techniques have been undertaken to tackle this.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Manipulation of Biosynthetic Pathways in Mint

et al. 2022

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In recent years, the study of aromatic plants has seen an increase, with great interest from industrial, academic, and pharmaceutical industries. Among plants attracting increased attention are the Mentha spp. (mint), members of the Lamiaceae family. Mint essential oils comprise a diverse class of molecules known as terpenoids/isoprenoids, organic chemicals that are among the most diverse class of naturally plant derived compounds. The terpenoid profile of several Mentha spp. is dominated by menthol, a cyclic monoterpene with some remarkable biological properties that make it useful in the pharmaceutical, medical, cosmetic, and cleaning product industries. As the global market for Mentha essential oils increases, the desire to improve oil composition and yield follows. The monoterpenoid biosynthesis pathway is well characterised so metabolic engineering attempts have been made to facilitate this improvement. This review focuses on the Mentha spp. and attempts at altering the carbon flux through the biosynthetic pathways to increase the yield and enhance the composition of the essential oil. This includes manipulation of endogenous and heterologous biosynthetic enzymes through overexpression and RNAi suppression. Genes involved in the MEP pathway, the menthol and carvone biosynthetic pathways and transcription factors known to affect secondary metabolism will be discussed along with non-metabolic engineering approaches including environmental factors and the use of plant growth regulators.

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Cytomixis-Associated Meiotic Anomalies in Diploid Mentha longifolia (L.) L. and their Impact on Pollen Viability and Size

Devi

Sharma

2021

Natl. Acad. Sci. Lett.

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Chromosome numbers in species ofMentha

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

Morphological and genetic evidence suggest gene flow among native and naturalized mint species

Morphological and genetic evidence suggest gene flow among native and naturalized mint species

Genetic Manipulation of Biosynthetic Pathways in Mint

Cytomixis-Associated Meiotic Anomalies in Diploid Mentha longifolia (L.) L. and their Impact on Pollen Viability and Size

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