Chromosome analysis of lymphocytes from radiation workers in tritium-applying industry

Joksić, Gordana; Spasojević-Tišma, Vera

doi:10.1007/s004200050272

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Nevertheless, some scientists argue that the AR does not appear to be a relevant mechanism for radiation protection because the worst outcome for the cell (cell death) is probably the best outcome for the organism as a whole since the low (conditioning) dose could also generate a risk of cellular transformation (Hofseth, 2004;de Saint-Georges, 2004). Indeed, there is abundant experimental evidence that chronic lowdose occupational exposure to ionizing radiation could result in adverse health effects (Lin and Mao, 2004) and increased DNA damage (Joksic and Spasojevic-Tisma, 1998;Cardoso et al, 2001;Maffei et al, 2002;Sari-Minodier et al, 2002;Hadjidekova et al, 2003;Zakeri and Assaei, 2004;Güerci et al, 2006;Sari-Minodier et al, 2007). Similarly, increased levels of DNA damage have been obtained for chromium platers (Benova et al, 2002), offset printing workers (Aksoy et al, 2005), welders (Iarmarcovai et al, 2005;2007), pathologists/anatomists exposed to formaldehyde (Iarmarcovai et al, 2007), and patients taking certain phytopharmaceuticals (Lazutka and Mierauskiene, 2001) or after long-term low-dose antimicrobial prophylaxis (Slapyte et al, 2002).…”

Section: Relevance Of the Adaptive Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive response: some underlying mechanisms and open questions

2008

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Organisms are affected by different DNA damaging agents naturally present in the environment or released as a result of human activity. Many defense mechanisms have evolved in organisms to minimize genotoxic damage. One of them is induced radioresistance or adaptive response. The adaptive response could be considered as a nonspecific phenomenon in which exposure to minimal stress could result in increased resistance to higher levels of the same or to other types of stress some hours later. A better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the adaptive response may lead to an improvement of cancer treatment, risk assessment and risk management strategies, radiation protection, e.g. of astronauts during long-term space flights. In this mini-review we discuss some open questions and the probable underlying mechanisms involved in adaptive response: the transcription of many genes and the activation of numerous signaling pathways that trigger cell defenses -DNA repair systems, induction of proteins synthesis, enhanced detoxification of free radicals and antioxidant production.

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Section: Relevance Of the Adaptive Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive response: some underlying mechanisms and open questions

2008

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“…Another study reports in vivo measurements of both dicentrics and micronuclei in two groups of 12 workers occupationally exposed to organically bounded tritium, either through the use of luminous paints or in the weapons industry (Joksić and Spasojević-Tisma 1998). The concentration of tritium in urine ranged between 1.35 and 9.43 MBq L −1 in the first group, and tritium was not detected in urine of the second group.…”

Section: Exposure To Tritium ( 3 H)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Eurados review of retrospective dosimetry techniques for internal exposures to ionising radiation and their applications

Giussani

López

Romm

et al. 2020

Radiat Environ Biophys

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This work presents an overview of the applications of retrospective dosimetry techniques in case of incorporation of radionuclides. The fact that internal exposures are characterized by a spatially inhomogeneous irradiation of the body, which is potentially prolonged over large periods and variable over time, is particularly problematic for biological and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) dosimetry methods when compared with external exposures. The paper gives initially specific information about internal dosimetry methods, the most common cytogenetic techniques used in biological dosimetry and EPR dosimetry applied to tooth enamel. Based on real-case scenarios, dose estimates obtained from bioassay data as well as with biological and/or EPR dosimetry are compared and critically discussed. In most of the scenarios presented, concomitant external exposures were responsible for the greater portion of the received dose. As no assay is available which can discriminate between radiation of different types and different LETs on the basis of the type of damage induced, it is not possible to infer from these studies specific conclusions valid for incorporated radionuclides alone. The biological dosimetry assays and EPR techniques proved to be most applicable in cases when the radionuclides are almost homogeneously distributed in the body. No compelling evidence was obtained in other cases of extremely inhomogeneous distribution. Retrospective dosimetry needs to be optimized and further developed in order to be able to deal with real exposure cases, where a mixture of both external and internal exposures will be encountered most of the times.

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“…For example, specific types of chromosomal aberrations that appear to predict cancer risk on a group basis can be used as the outcome variables in a dose‐response analysis, as in the case of ionizing radiation exposure. 13…”

Section: Dose Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Using Molecular Epidemiology in Assessing Exposure for Risk Assessment

Schulte

Waters

1999

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Quantitative estimation of health risks depends on exposure characterization, the nature of the dose response relationships, and the toxicity of the agents involved. The greatest uncertainties in risk assessment almost always arise from sparse or inadequate exposure data, inadequate understanding of exposure mechanisms, and insufficient understanding of the exposure-dose-response pathway. Additional sources of uncertainty arise when mixed or multiple exposures are implicated in the disease pathway, and as a result of variability in both exposures and responses within and between individuals. Here we consider the role of exposure assessment in the risk assessment process, the use of biological markers or molecular epidemiology to contribute to improvements in exposure assessment for risk assessment, and uncertainties associated with the use of biological markers.

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Chromosome analysis of lymphocytes from radiation workers in tritium-applying industry

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Adaptive response: some underlying mechanisms and open questions

Adaptive response: some underlying mechanisms and open questions

Eurados review of retrospective dosimetry techniques for internal exposures to ionising radiation and their applications

Using Molecular Epidemiology in Assessing Exposure for Risk Assessment

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