Chromosome aberrations in chloralkali workers previously exposed to mercury vapor.

Hansteen, Inger-Lise; Ellingsen, Dag G.; Clausen, Kjell Oskar; Kjuus, Helge

doi:10.5271/sjweh.1459

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Although many studies have been performed on cytotoxic effects of metals on human immunocompetent cells, some inconsistencies have evolved, especially regarding the effects of low‐dose exposure in humans. Despite the well‐documented effects elicited by high and moderate doses, some studies demonstrated only negligible, if any, influences of low‐level exposure to Hg [46–52]. With regard to cytotoxic effects of Hg, our results are consistent with previous studies [53–56].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Immunomodulation by mercuric chloridein vitro: application of different cell activation pathways

Hemdan

Lehmann

Wichmann

et al. 2007

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SummaryEvidence is emerging that exposure to mercury (Hg) may elicit many pathological manifestations, including immunomodulation. We tested whether changing cellular activation pathways may affect the immunomodulation by Hg. Human cell cultures were set up where isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, activated by monoclonal antibodies (MoAb: anti-CD3/-CD28/-CD40) or heat-killed Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (hk-SE), exposed to mercuric chloride (HgCl2) for 24 h. Cell vitality was assessed by MTT assay, and modulation of cytokine profiles were monitored by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), intracellular cytokine staining and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results show that Hg doses above 15 ng/ml significantly reduced cell vitality (P < 0·05). Lower doses elicited distinct effects on T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 cytokine expression depending on cellular activation pathways. In MoAb-stimulated cells, interferon (IFN)-g, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-a and interleukin (IL)-6 production was reduced. Doses up to 0·150 and 0·5 mg/ml increased IL-10 and IL-4 production, respectively, resulting in significantly reduced Th1/Th2 ratios. Stimulation by hk-SE, however, elevated Th1/Th2 ratios due to induction of IFN-g versus IL-10 production. Taken together, we conclude that lowlevel exposure to Hg, in the absence of inflammation, polarizes the immune response toward Th2, but not in the case of Th1-polarized responses elicited by Salmonella antigens that can be promoted instead. This demonstrates differential in vitro effects of Hg on the Th1/Th2 balance produced by different stimuli, which may have important experimental and scientific implications.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Immunomodulation by mercuric chloridein vitro: application of different cell activation pathways

Hemdan

Lehmann

Wichmann

et al. 2007

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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“…Dentists and dental workers have lower UHg (range, 2.0-45 µg/g creatinine) Cianciola et al 1997;Naleway et al 1985Naleway et al , 1991Ritchie et al 1995;Steinberg et al 1995;Woods et al 1993) than workers in chloralkali or other factories that use mercury (range, 50-116 µg/g creatinine) Buchet et al 1980;Ellingsen et al 2000Ellingsen et al , 2001Hansteen et al 1993;Lauwerys and Buchet 1973;Roels et al 1985). Occupational studies that include unexposed employees as controls have found UHg similar to ours (range, 0.9-1.4 µg/g creatinine) Buchet et al 1980;Ellingsen et al 2000;Hansteen et al 1993;Lauwerys and Buchet 1973;Roels et al 1985). In a healthy male military population with an average age of 53 years, UHg was also comparable (1.8 µg/g creatinine) (Kingman et al 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury derived from dental amalgams and neuropsychologic function.

Factor-Litvak

Hasselgren

Jacobs

et al. 2003

Environ Health Perspect

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There is widespread concern regarding the safety of silver-mercury amalgam dental restorations, yet little evidence to support their harm or safety. We examined whether mercury dental amalgams are adversely associated with cognitive functioning in a cross-sectional sample of healthy working adults. We studied 550 adults, 30-49 years of age, who were not occupationally exposed to mercury. Participants were representative of employees at a major urban medical center. Each participant underwent a neuropsychologic test battery, a structured questionnaire, a modified dental examination, and collection of blood and urine samples. Mercury exposure was assessed using a) urinary mercury concentration (UHg); b) the total number of amalgam surfaces; and c) the number of occlusal amalgam surfaces. Linear regression analysis was used to estimate associations between each marker of mercury exposure and each neuropsychologic test, adjusting for potential confounding variables. Exposure levels were relatively low. The mean UHg was 1.7 µg/g creatinine (range, 0.09-17.8); the mean total number of amalgam surfaces was 10.6 (range, 0-46) and the mean number of occlusal amalgam surfaces was 6.1 (range, 0-19). No measure of exposure was significantly associated with the scores on any neuropsychologic test in analyses that adjusted for the sampling design and other covariates. In a sample of healthy working adults, mercury exposure derived from dental amalgam restorations was not associated with any detectable deficits in cognitive or fine motor functioning.

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“…75 The study of chromosomal aberrations in the peripheral lymphocytes of male chloralkali workers exposed to Hg vapour revealed a slight increase in the chromosome and dicentric breaks in groups with a maximum level of Hg exposure or high cumulation of Hg. 76,77 Exposure to of Hg appeared to increase the level of total testosterone, presumably due to increased levels of the steroid-binding globulin (SHBG). However, for prolactin, cortisol and TSH, such a relationship was not detected.…”

Section: Chloralkali Workersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury exposure and its effects on fertility and pregnancy outcome

Bjørklund

Chirumbolo

Dadar

et al. 2019

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

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Mercury (Hg), a highly toxic environmental pollutant, shows harmfulness which still represents a big concern for human health, including hazards to fertility and pregnancy outcome. Research has shown that Hg could induce impairments in the reproductive function, cellular deformation of the Leydig cells and the seminiferous tubules, and testicular degeneration as well as abnormal menstrual cycles. Some studies investigated spontaneous abortion and complicated fertility outcome due to occupational Hg exposure. Moreover, there is a relation between inhaled Hg vapour and reproductive outcome. This MiniReview evaluates the hypothesis that exposure to Hg may increase the risk of reduced fertility, spontaneous abortion and congenital deficits or abnormalities.

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Chromosome aberrations in chloralkali workers previously exposed to mercury vapor.

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

Immunomodulation by mercuric chloridein vitro: application of different cell activation pathways

Immunomodulation by mercuric chloridein vitro: application of different cell activation pathways

Mercury derived from dental amalgams and neuropsychologic function.

Mercury exposure and its effects on fertility and pregnancy outcome

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