Chromosome 9 of Ellobius lutescens is the X chromosome

Vogel, Walther; Steinbach, Peter; Djalali, Mahmoud; Mehnert, Karl; Ali, Sher; Epplen, Jörg T.

doi:10.1007/bf00331043

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Finally, in 1986 Ali et al reported on initial successful efforts to differentiate human genomes using (GATA) 4 and ( GACA) 4 as well as other sequentially related simple quadruplet repeat (sqr) oligonucleotides. Additional probes harboring basic repeat motifs of two to six nucleotides were subsequently synthesized and hybridized to DNAs from a variety of sources (Arnemann et al, 1989;Beyermann et al, in press;Buitkamp et al, 1990Epplen, 1988;Epplen et al, 1988Epplen et al, , 1989Nanda et al, 1988Nanda et al, , 1990aNanda et al, , 1988bVogel et al, 1988;Weising et al, 1989Weising et al, , 1990 (Fig. 1)).…”

Section: Ougonucleotides Specific For Simple Repeat Motifs Are Informmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oligonucleotide Fingerprinting Using Simple Repeat Motifs: A Convenient, Ubiquitously Applicable Method to Detect Hypervariability for Multiple Purposes

Epplen¹,

Ammer²,

Epplen³

et al. 1991

Experientia Supplementum

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A panel of simple repetitive oligonucleotide probes has been designed and tested for multilocus DNA fingerprinting in some 200 fungal, plant and animal species as well as man. To date at least one of the probes has been found to be informative in each species. The human genome, however, has been the major target of many fingerprintins studies. Using the probe (CAC) 5 or (GTG) 5 , individualization of all humans is possible except for monozygotic twins. Paternity analyses are now perfonned on a routine basis by the use of multilocus fingerprints, inctuding also cases of deficiency, i.e. where one of the parents is not available for analysis. In forensie science stain analysis is feasible in all tissue remains containing nuc)eated cells. Depending on the degree of DNA degradation a variety of oligonucleotides are informative, and they have been proven useful in actual case work. Advantages in comparison to other methods including enzymatic DNA amplification techniques (PCR) are evident. Fingerprint patterns of tumors may be changed due to the gain or loss of chromosomes and/or intrachromosomal deletion and amplification events. Locus-specific probes were isolated from the human (CAC) 5 /(GTG) 5 fingerprint with a varying degree of informativeness (monomorphic versus truly hypervariable markers). The feasibility of three different approaches. for the isolation of hypervariable mono-locus probes was evaluated. Finally, one particular mixed simple (gt)n(ga)m repeat locus in the second intron of the HLA-DRB genes has been scrutinized to allow comparison of the extent of exon-encoded (protein-) polymorphisms versus intronie bypervariability of simple repeats: adjacent to a single gene sequence (e.g. HLAMDRBl•0401) many different length alleles were found. Group-specific structures of basic repeats were identified within the evolutionarily related DRB alleles. As a further application it is suggested here that due to the ubiquitous interspersion of their targets, short probes for simple repeat sequences are especially useful tools for ordering genomic cosmid, yeast artificial chromosome and phage banks.

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Section: Ougonucleotides Specific For Simple Repeat Motifs Are Informmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oligonucleotide Fingerprinting Using Simple Repeat Motifs: A Convenient, Ubiquitously Applicable Method to Detect Hypervariability for Multiple Purposes

Epplen¹,

Ammer²,

Epplen³

et al. 1991

Experientia Supplementum

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“…The unique chromosome was shown to be indeed the X chromosome by thioguanine selection of cell hybrids which retained the G6pd locus of Ellobius together with the unique chromosome (Vogel et al, 1988). AgNO 3 -staining of synaptonemal complexes in male pachytene cells excluded any pairing of the X chromosome (Vogel et al, 1988) and did not give any indication where to look for the Y chromosome equivalent.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…AgNO 3 -staining of synaptonemal complexes in male pachytene cells excluded any pairing of the X chromosome (Vogel et al, 1988) and did not give any indication where to look for the Y chromosome equivalent. Thus, the mystery remained unresolved.…”

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confidence: 99%

Sex determination in <i>Ellobius lutescens:</i> The story of an enigma

Vogel

Jainta

Rau

et al. 1998

Cytogenet Genome Res

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The unusual karyotype of Ellobius lutescens (2n = 17,X in males and females) has attracted permanent interest and prompted a series of hypotheses on sex determination in this species since its first description by Matthey (1953). The developing knowledge about the sex chromosomes and sex determination as well as the availability of new cytogenetic and molecular genetic techniques prompted studies to test the compatibility between current hypotheses and new findings and rendered modifications of the hypotheses necessary. After a long period dominated by the question what the sex chromosome constitution of this species might be and where the testis determining factor could be located, the presence of Sry had been eventually excluded and sex determination attributed to a hypothetical mutated gene acting downstream of Sry. An X-chromosomal or autosomal location of this gene can be assessed by cosegregation of sex with X-chromosome markers. Some preliminary results concerning X-chromosome dinucleotide repeat markers are reported. However, these markers were homomorphic in Ellobius lutescens. We now report evidence that Zfy is also missing in Ellobius lutescens and E. tancrei (males and females XX), a finding from which we conclude that the entire Y chromosome has been lost from these species. Perspectives concerning future studies are discussed.

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“…The odd chromosome 9 represents the single X chromosome in the "weird" species Ellobius lutescens. This conclusion was drawn from the analysis of somatic cell hybrids after fusion of Ellobius lutescens cells with Hprt-deficient RAG mouse cells (Vogel et al, 1988). Only the hybrid clones with Ellobius chromosome 9 were able to survive under selection conditions in cell culture.…”

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confidence: 99%

The sex determination in <i>Ellobius lutescens</i> remains bizarre

Just¹,

Baumstark²,

Hameister³

et al. 2002

Cytogenet Genome Res

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Mammalian sex determination and gonad differentiation are the result of a complex interaction of fine-tuned spatial and temporal gene expression with threshold levels of individual genes. The male pathway is initiated by SRY. Some exceptional mammals determine male sex without the SRY gene and even without a Y chromosome. Ellobius lutescens in this report is one example of this “weird” species. We provide key data on the genomic level that there are no coarse differences in the genomes of male and female animals by comparative genomic hybridization. On the gene level we studied the gene Nr5a1 for the orphan nuclear receptor, steroidogenic factor SF-1, a central constituent for gonad differentiation and adrenal gland development. The Ellobius lutescens Nr5a1 gene was mapped to the proximal short arm of chromosome 2 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. In addition, we provide evidence by linkage analysis in two E. lutescens pedigrees that Nr5a1 is not the key male sex-determining gene in Ellobius lutescens.

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Chromosome 9 of Ellobius lutescens is the X chromosome

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Oligonucleotide Fingerprinting Using Simple Repeat Motifs: A Convenient, Ubiquitously Applicable Method to Detect Hypervariability for Multiple Purposes

Oligonucleotide Fingerprinting Using Simple Repeat Motifs: A Convenient, Ubiquitously Applicable Method to Detect Hypervariability for Multiple Purposes

Sex determination in <i>Ellobius lutescens:</i> The story of an enigma

The sex determination in <i>Ellobius lutescens</i> remains bizarre

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