Chromosomal Variability in the Genus Nycticebus

Warter, S.; Rumpler, Y.

doi:10.1159/000021642

Cited by 46 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…We observed heteromorphisms in respect to chromosome length and centromere position between homologues, possibly due to the amplification of repetitive sequences (NCO 6) and a pericentric inversion (NCO 15). Similar chromosomal variability was reported in the genus Nycticebus (de Boer, 1973c;Stanyon et al, 1987;Warter and Rumpler, 1998). No hybridization signals were obtained on the short arms of six chromosomes ( NCO 5,8,12,14,15,and 23) and the short arm terminus of NCO 1, indicating these regions contain repetitive sequences or C-banded negative heterochromatin (Warter and Rumpler, 1998).…”

Section: Characterization Of Galago Flow Karyotypesupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Similar chromosomal variability was reported in the genus Nycticebus (de Boer, 1973c;Stanyon et al, 1987;Warter and Rumpler, 1998). No hybridization signals were obtained on the short arms of six chromosomes ( NCO 5,8,12,14,15,and 23) and the short arm terminus of NCO 1, indicating these regions contain repetitive sequences or C-banded negative heterochromatin (Warter and Rumpler, 1998). The application of both HSA and GMO probes onto NCO chromosomes had two positive results.…”

Section: Characterization Of Galago Flow Karyotypesupporting

confidence: 75%

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Chromosome painting between human and lorisiform prosimians: Evidence for the HSA 7/16 synteny in the primate ancestral karyotype

Nie

O’Brien

et al. 2005

American J Phys Anthropol

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Multidirectional chromosome painting with probes derived from flow-sorted chromosomes of humans (Homo sapiens, HSA, 2n = 46) and galagos (Galago moholi, GMO, 2n = 38) allowed us to map evolutionarily conserved chromosomal segments among humans, galagos, and slow lorises (Nycticebus coucang, NCO, 2n = 50). In total, the 22 human autosomal painting probes detected 40 homologous chromosomal segments in the slow loris genome. The genome of the slow loris contains 16 sytenic associations of human homologues. The ancient syntenic associations of human chromosomes such as HSA 3/21, 7/16, 12/22 (twice), and 14/15, reported in most mammalian species, were also present in the slow loris genome. Six associations (HSA 1a/19a, 2a/12a, 6a/14b, 7a/12c, 9/15b, and 10a/19b) were shared by the slow loris and galago. Five associations (HSA 1b/6b, 4a/5a, 11b/15a, 12b/19b, and 15b/16b) were unique to the slow loris. In contrast, 30 homologous chromosome segments were identified in the slow loris genome when using galago chromosome painting probes. The data showed that the karyotypic differences between these two species were mainly due to Robertsonian translocations. Reverse painting, using galago painting probes onto human chromosomes, confirmed most of the chromosome homologies between humans and galagos established previously, and documented the HSA 7/16 association in galagos, which was not reported previously. The presence of the HSA 7/16 association in the slow loris and galago suggests that the 7/16 association is an ancestral synteny for primates. Based on our results and the published homology maps between humans and other primate species, we propose an ancestral karyotype (2n = 60) for lorisiform primates.

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Section: Characterization Of Galago Flow Karyotypesupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Characterization Of Galago Flow Karyotypesupporting

confidence: 75%

Chromosome painting between human and lorisiform prosimians: Evidence for the HSA 7/16 synteny in the primate ancestral karyotype

Nie

O’Brien

et al. 2005

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…Chromosome 1 showed a structural polymorphism of deletion at part of the short arm ( figs. 2 , 3 ), which was also reported at chromosome 2 in N. coucang in a similar situation [Warter and Rumpler, 1998]. The details will be described in company with NOR variability below.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

“…1 , 2 ). The results suggest that N. bengalensis experienced a higher genomic dispersion of rDNA in its evolutionary history than N. coucang , N. pygmaeus, or N. intermedius [Stanyon et al, 1987;Cheng et al, 1993;Warter and Rumpler, 1998]. Multiple manifestations of rDNA loci, in turn, suggest a mechanism of ectopic recombination through association of rDNA and other chromosomal segments during cell division ( fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Though the Indochinese forms were long classified as a single taxon (N. coucang) [Hill, 1952], 3 species have recently been identified (N. coucang , N. pygmaeus , and N. bengalensis) by variations in their skull characteristics [Groves, 1998[Groves, , 2001. Chromosome analyses of N. coucang , N. pygmaeus, and N. intermedius (included in N. pygmaeus ) [Brandon-Jones et al, 2004] have revealed a largely standard karyotype (2n = 50); however, the number of nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) were found to be variable through silver nitrate staining (Ag-NOR stain-ing), which revealed 6 or 10 loci among the 3 species [Stanyon et al, 1987;Chen et al, 1993;Warter and Rumpler, 1998]. However, the precise number and chromosomal localizations of the NORs remain unclear, because Ag-NORs techniques show wide variance in stainability.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Hypervariability of Nucleolus Organizer Regions in Bengal Slow Lorises, <b><i>Nycticebus bengalensis</i></b> (Primates, Lorisidae)

Baicharoen

Hirai²,

Srikulnath³

et al. 2016

Cytogenet Genome Res

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Slow lorises are a cryptic species complex, and thus genetic markers are needed to identify distinct evolutionary lineages or species. We examined the nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) of Bengal slow lorises (Nycticebus bengalensis) using FISH with 18S rDNA (rDNA-FISH) and silver nitrate staining (Ag-NOR stain). Ten individuals of the putatively single species N. bengalensis showed higher variability in localization than 3 other congeners, though their overall karyotypes were similar. The rDNA-FISH analysis detected a total of 18 loci, in contrast to previous studies of other slow loris species that revealed far fewer (6-10) loci. Eight of the 18 loci detected in the present analysis were found to be semi-stable localizations at 4 different chromosomes, while 10 were found to be unstable localizations at 5 other chromosomes. The semi-stable locations showed occasional presence/absence of variations for rDNA-FISH, and unstable locations were polymorphic among individuals, contributing to the higher variability of NORs in this taxon. We hypothesize that the larger numbers of rDNA loci found in N. bengalensis were introduced by genomic dispersion through ectopic recombination in association with terminal regions including rDNA. Such differences are potentially very powerful chromosomal markers to be used in species identification and conservation.

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Chromosomes and blood groups

Ankel-Simons

2024

Primate Anatomy

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Chromosomal Variability in the Genus Nycticebus

Cited by 46 publications

References 6 publications

Chromosome painting between human and lorisiform prosimians: Evidence for the HSA 7/16 synteny in the primate ancestral karyotype

Chromosome painting between human and lorisiform prosimians: Evidence for the HSA 7/16 synteny in the primate ancestral karyotype

Hypervariability of Nucleolus Organizer Regions in Bengal Slow Lorises, <b><i>Nycticebus bengalensis</i></b> (Primates, Lorisidae)

Chromosomes and blood groups

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