Chromosomal localisation of fitness modifiers of diazinon resistance genotypes of Lucilia cuprina

McKenzie, John A.; Purvis, Alison

doi:10.1038/hdy.1984.120

Cited by 33 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…There could be much variation in disadvantageous effects among resistance factors, and indeed, there are variations in fitness costs among resistance factors for organophosphate insecticides in the mosquito Culex pipiens L., from no effect to severe levels (Chevillon et al, 1997;Guillemaud et al, 1998;Berticat et al, 2002). Furthermore, the existence of fitness modifiers of resistant genotypes for an organophosphate, diazinon was demonstrated in the Australian sheep blowfly, Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann) (McKenzie et al, 1982;McKenzie and Purvis, 1984;McKenzie and Game, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The comparison of intrinsic rates of increase among chromosome-substituted lines resistant and susceptible to organophosphate insecticides in Drosophila melanogaster.

2003

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To investigate the genetic basis of the seasonal fluctuations in resistance to three organophosphates, observed within a natural population of Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen), we compared the intrinsic rate of increase, generation time and net reproduction rate among chromosome substitution lines derived from a resistant and a susceptible line, obtained from this natural population. There was significant variation among substituted lines; lines possessing the third chromosome from the resistant line, which confers resistance to the three organophosphates, generally showed lower mean values of these fitness measures. Chromosomal analyses also indicated significant negative contributions of the third chromosome from the resistant line. However, significant positive contributions of the interactions among chromosomes from the resistant line to these fitness measures were also detected. We further conducted a local stability analysis, in which each chromosome-substituted line was assumed to be introduced at a low frequency into the initial susceptible population. It was demonstrated that the resistance factor(s) on the third chromosome tend to decrease in their frequency under both density-independent and juvenile density-regulated conditions. Based on these results, a possible explanation for the seasonal fluctuations in resistance to the three organophosphates observed in the natural population was proposed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The comparison of intrinsic rates of increase among chromosome-substituted lines resistant and susceptible to organophosphate insecticides in Drosophila melanogaster.

2003

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“…Resistant genotypes usually have lower fitness than susceptible genotypes under no insecticide conditions (Crow, 1957;McKenzie and Purvis, 1984). The insecticide application continued after development of the resistance in the population might cause the increased relative fitness of resistant genotypes even in insecticide-free environments (McKenzie and Purvis, 1984;Clarke and McKenzie, 1987).…”

Section: Maintenance Of Genetic Variation In Susceptibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal fluctuation in susceptibility to insecticides within natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster. Empirical observations of fitness costs of insecticide resistance.

2000

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To investigate genetic variation and seasonal fluctuation in susceptibility to insecticides, natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster were collected from Katsunuma in mid summer and late fall for two consecutive years. After isofemale lines of each population collected in each season had been established in a laboratory, the susceptibility of each line to five insecticides, including permethrin, malathion, prothiophos, fenitrothion, and DDT, was examined. Lines of each population exhibited the broad ranges of variation in susceptibility to all chemicals. Comparison between populations in different seasons indicated that genetic variation in susceptibility to organophosphates fluctuated in consistency with the population size, in which the susceptibility increased in fall. In addition, highly significant correlations were observed among responses to organophosphates, and the correlations also fluctuated with seasons. On the other hand, genetic variation in susceptibility to permethrin and DDT was less fluctuated. These results suggest that not only a common resistance factor for organophosphate resistance but also different resistance factor(s) for each insecticide could be involved within a natural population, and that the fluctuation observed in the susceptibility to organophosphates could be associated with fitness costs of organophosphate resistance factor(s).

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“…The effect of genetic background on the fitness of genotypes at a given locus has been demonstrated in many instances (see for example Polivanov, 1964;Jones & Yamazaki, 1974;McKenzie et al, 1982;McKenzie & Purvis, 1984). Thus, this effect has been observed for morphological mutants, allozyme loci and others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Measuring selective effects of modifier gene polymorphisms on the Bare locus of Drosophila subobscura

Álvarez

1996

Heredity

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An attempt to quantify the effects of modifier gene polymorphisms on the operation of natural selection on a major locus has been carried out. The modifier system we have investigated is constituted by a set of polygenic modifier loci affecting the morphological expression of the Bare (Ba) bristle mutant of Drosophila subobscura. Ba is a dominant mutant that is lethal in homozygous condition and both the polygenic modifiers and Ba are located on the 0 chromosome of this species. Experimental populations were founded with Ba! + individuals and two different types of populations were started according to their modifier genetic background: populations with wild 0 chromosomes of either high or low modifier effect (cages H and L, respectively). Fitness estimates (total fitness, viability and fertility) for genotypes of the Ba locus were obtained under the two different modifier backgrounds. In the populations with high modifier background the total fitness of the Ba! + heterozygote was very similar to that of the +/+ homozygote (fitness equal to 1). However, in cages with low modifier background a strong selection against the Ba! + heterozygote was detected (average of total fitnesses over generations was 0.66±0.10), and fertility appears to be the fitness component responsible for this effect (mean fertility was 0.55 0.08). These findings demonstrate that modifier gene polymorphisms affecting the expression of the Ba mutant may be associated with large selective effects on the major locus.

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Chromosomal localisation of fitness modifiers of diazinon resistance genotypes of Lucilia cuprina

Cited by 33 publications

References 25 publications

The comparison of intrinsic rates of increase among chromosome-substituted lines resistant and susceptible to organophosphate insecticides in Drosophila melanogaster.

The comparison of intrinsic rates of increase among chromosome-substituted lines resistant and susceptible to organophosphate insecticides in Drosophila melanogaster.

Seasonal fluctuation in susceptibility to insecticides within natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster. Empirical observations of fitness costs of insecticide resistance.

Measuring selective effects of modifier gene polymorphisms on the Bare locus of Drosophila subobscura

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