Chromosomal Evolution in Chiroptera

Sotero-Caio, Cibele G.; Baker, Robert J.; Volleth, Marianne

doi:10.3390/genes8100272

Cited by 36 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…Bats are, after rodents, the second largest order of mammals with >1,200 different species ( Wilson and Reeder 2007 ). Most species are either frugivores, nectarivores or insectivores, but some species also prey on small animals or use blood as their primary diet (( Findley 1993 ) for review see ( Sotero-Caio et al. 2017 )).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Gene Loss of Visual and Olfactory Guanylyl Cyclase Genes Following the Two Rounds of Vertebrate-Specific Whole-Genome Duplications

Gesemann

2020

Genome Biology and Evolution

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Photoreceptors convey visual information and come in two flavours; dim-light and bright-light dedicated rod and cones. Both cell types feature highly specialized phototransduction cascades that convert photonic energy into intracellular signals. While a substantial amount of phototransduction gene ohnologs are expressed either in rods or cones, visual guanylyl cyclases (GCs) involved in the calcium (Ca2+) dependent feedback regulation of phototransduction are neither rod nor cone specific. The co-existence of visual GCs in both photoreceptor types suggests that specialization of these ohnologs occurred despite their overlapping expression. Here, we analyse gene retention and inactivation patterns of vertebrate visual and closely related olfactory GCs following two rounds (2R) of vertebrate specific whole genome duplication events (2R WGD). While eutherians generally use two visual and one olfactory GCs, independent inactivation occurred in some lineages. Sauropsids (birds, lizards, snakes, turtles and crocodiles) generally have only one visual GC (GC-E). Additionally turtles (testodes) also lost the olfactory GC (GC-D). Pseudogenization in mammals occurred in specific species/families likely according to functional needs (i.e. many species with reduced vision only have GC-E). Likewise, some species not relying on scent marks lack GC-D, the olfactory GC enzyme. Interestingly, in the case of fish, no species can be found with fewer than three (two visual and one olfactory) genes and the teleost specific 3R WGD can increase this number to up to five. This suggests that vision in fish now requires at least two visual GCs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Gene Loss of Visual and Olfactory Guanylyl Cyclase Genes Following the Two Rounds of Vertebrate-Specific Whole-Genome Duplications

Gesemann

2020

Genome Biology and Evolution

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“…Our chromosomal mapping data of Micronycterinae together with data from the literature [37, 38, 56] enabled us to deduce a new ancestral karyotype for Phyllostomidae (AKP) based on our inference of chromosomal signatures and whole-chromosome syntenies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Karyotype, evolution and phylogenetic reconstruction in Micronycterinae bats with implications for the ancestral karyotype of Phyllostomidae

et al. 2019

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Background The Micronycterinae form a subfamily of leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomidae) that contains the genera Lampronycteris Sanborn, 1949, and Micronycteris Gray, 1866 ( stricto sensu), and is characterized by marked karyotypic variability and discrepancies in the phylogenetic relationships suggested by the molecular versus morphological data. In the present study, we investigated the chromosomal evolution of the Micronycterinae using classical cytogenetics and multidirectional chromosome painting with whole-chromosomes probes of Phyllostomus hastatus and Carollia brevicauda . Our goal was to perform comparative chromosome mapping between the genera of this subfamily and explore the potential for using chromosomal rearrangements as phylogenetic markers. Results The Micronycterinae exhibit great inter- and intraspecific karyotype diversity, with large blocks of telomere-like sequences inserted within or adjacent to constitutive heterochromatin regions. The phylogenetic results generated from our chromosomal data revealed that the Micronycterinae hold a basal position in the phylogenetic tree of the Phyllostomidae. Molecular cytogenetic data confirmed that there is a low degree of karyotype similarity between Lampronycteris and Micronycteris specimens analyzed, indicating an absence of synapomorphic associations in Micronycterinae. Conclusions We herein confirm that karyotypic variability is present in subfamily Micronycterinae. We further report intraspecific variation and describe a new cytotype in M. megalotis . The cytogenetic data show that this group typically has large blocks of interstitial telomeric sequences that do not appear to be correlated with chromosomal rearrangement events. Phylogenetic analysis using chromosome data recovered the basal position for Micronycterinae, but did not demonstrate that it is a monophyletic lineage, due to the absence of common chromosomal synapomorphy between the genera. These findings may be related to an increase in the rate of chromosomal evolution during the time period that separates Lampronycteris from Micronycteris . Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12862-019-1421-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…In morphologically indistinguishable species, the so-called cryptic species, morphological similarity exists alongside significant differences in genetic markers, such as chromosome structures or specific genes. There seem to be no radical changes in the development of morphological traits, but reproductive isolation appears, which makes such species a good prospective model for studying evolution [10,11,12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome Translocations as a Driver of Diversification in Mole Voles Ellobius (Rodentia, Mammalia)

Romanenko

Lyapunova

Saidov

et al. 2019

IJMS

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The involvement of chromosome changes in the initial steps of speciation is controversial. Here we examine diversification trends within the mole voles Ellobius, a group of subterranean rodents. The first description of their chromosome variability was published almost 40 years ago. Studying the G-band structure of chromosomes in numerous individuals revealed subsequent homologous, step-by-step, Robertsonian translocations, which changed diploid numbers from 54 to 30. Here we used a molecular cytogenetic strategy which demonstrates that chromosomal translocations are not always homologous; consequently, karyotypes with the same diploid number can carry different combinations of metacentrics. We further showed that at least three chromosomal forms with 2n = 34 and distinct metacentrics inhabit the Pamir-Alay mountains. Each of these forms independently hybridized with E. tancrei, 2n = 54, forming separate hybrid zones. The chromosomal variations correlate slightly with geographic barriers. Additionally, we confirmed that the emergence of partial or monobrachial homology appeared to be a strong barrier for hybridization in nature, in contradistinction to experiments which we reported earlier. We discuss the possibility of whole arm reciprocal translocations for mole voles. Our findings suggest that chromosomal translocations lead to diversification and speciation.

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Chromosomal Evolution in Chiroptera

Cited by 36 publications

References 127 publications

Selective Gene Loss of Visual and Olfactory Guanylyl Cyclase Genes Following the Two Rounds of Vertebrate-Specific Whole-Genome Duplications

Selective Gene Loss of Visual and Olfactory Guanylyl Cyclase Genes Following the Two Rounds of Vertebrate-Specific Whole-Genome Duplications

Karyotype, evolution and phylogenetic reconstruction in Micronycterinae bats with implications for the ancestral karyotype of Phyllostomidae

Chromosome Translocations as a Driver of Diversification in Mole Voles Ellobius (Rodentia, Mammalia)

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