Chromosomal Damage and Apoptosis in Exfoliated Buccal Cells from Individuals with Oral Cancer

Dórea, Lavínia Tércia Magalhães; Meireles, José Roberto Cardoso; Lessa, Júlia Paula Ramos; Oliveira, Márcio Campos; Pereira, Carlos Alberto de Bragança; Campos, Adriano Polpo de; Cerqueira, Eneida de Moraes Macílio

doi:10.1155/2012/457054

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…These observations indicate genetic damage [32], which correlates with cancer of the oral cavity [33]. Our findings were in accordance with several recent case-control studies; they revealed that spontaneous genetic damage in exfoliated buccal cell MN frequencies of patients was significantly higher than that of controls and thus genetic instability appeared to exist in exfoliated buccal cell MN frequencies of HNC patients [34–38]. Another study of HNC patients undergoing radiotherapy observed increased genomic instability in somatic cells (exfoliated buccal epithelia) in comparison to healthy control subjects [39–41].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Cytogenetic Abnormality in Exfoliated Cells of Buccal Mucosa in Head and Neck Cancer Patients in the Tunisian Population: Impact of Different Exposure Sources

Khlifi

Trabelsi-Ksibi

Chakroun

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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Chromosome/DNA instability could be one of the primary causes of malignant cell transformation. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the spontaneous genetic damages in exfoliated cells of buccal mucosa of head and neck cancer (HNC) by counting micronucleus (MN) and binucleated (BN) cells frequencies. MN and BN frequencies were significantly increased in HNC patients compared with controls (5.53 ± 3.09/1000 cells, 5.63 ± 2.99/1000 cells versus 2.36 ± 2.11/1000 cells, 3.09 ± 1.82/1000 cells, P < 0.001). Regarding the gender and the age, the frequencies of the MN and BN were significantly higher than those of controls (P < 0.01). The evaluation of the MN and BN frequencies revealed a significant increase (P < 0.001) in the cases in relation to the control group after controlling the risk factors (tobacco smoking and chewing and occupational exposure) of HNC. Moreover, MN and BN frequencies were significantly increased in smokers and chewers compared with nonsmokers and nonchewers among patients (P < 0.05). MN frequency was significantly (P = 0.014) different between patients occupationally exposed (6.99 ± 3.40/1000 cells) and nonexposed (4.70 ± 2.48/1000 cells) among HNC group. The logistic regression model illustrated that HNC was significantly associated with frequencies of MN (OR = 8.63, P < 0.0001) and BN (OR = 5.62, P = 0.001). Our results suggest that increased chromosome/DNA instabilities may be associated with HNC.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Cytogenetic Abnormality in Exfoliated Cells of Buccal Mucosa in Head and Neck Cancer Patients in the Tunisian Population: Impact of Different Exposure Sources

Khlifi

Trabelsi-Ksibi

Chakroun

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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“…We included laryngeal subjects in this analysis because alcohol has been shown to be a significant risk factor for laryngeal cancer even though drinking does not normally expose the larynx to alcohol. Evidence from case-control studies indicates that alcohol consumption is a significant risk factor for laryngeal cancer [18,31]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal disease and mouthwash use are risk factors for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Eliot

Michaud

Langevin

et al. 2013

Cancer Causes Control

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine associations between oral hygiene, including history of periodontal disease and mouthwash use, and risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Methods We measured history of oral hygiene and dental care on 513 HNSCC cases and 567 controls from a population-based study of HNSCC. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results Periodontal disease was associated with a slightly elevated risk of HNSCC (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.16). Using any type of mouthwash at least once per day was associated with increased risk compared to never using mouthwash (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.20). HNSCC was associated with frequent use of nonalcoholic mouthwash compared to using any kind of mouthwash rarely or never (OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.47). Conclusions Our results support an association between periodontal disease and HNSCC. Our data suggest that mouthwash use is associated with HNSCC, but we noted no difference between the effects of alcohol-containing and nonalcoholic mouthwashes.

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“…In addition to the potential for metastasis, cancer is characterized by the loss of the ability of cells to evolve to death when genetic damage occurs (apoptosis). 17,18 Therefore, MNCs are identified as a potential biomarker and a sensitive onco-indicator in Cytogenetics and micronucleus test (MNT) has been accepted as an ideal in vivo cytogenetic screening procedure for the detection of induced structural chromosome aberrations in general and early detection of oral cancer, in particular. 19 The MNT, developed by Heddle 20 & Schmid, 21 is an in vivo and in vitro short-term screening method which has been widely used to detect genotoxic effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abbreviations: MNCs, micronucleated cells; MNi, micronu-clei; N/C ratios, nuclear-cytoplasmic ratios; MN/PN ratios, ratio between area of micronucleus (MN) to the parent nucleus (PN) IntroductionMicronucleus (MN) is a microscopically visible, small, round or oval, non-refractive extra-nuclear cytoplasmic chromatin mass which consists of eccentric chromosomes or chromosomal fragments, originated either from aberrant mitosis or due to genotoxicity and completely detached from the parent nucleus (PN) of the respective somatic cell. MN is small, incomplete and originates either from the laggard chromosome or its fragment due to partial impairment of the spindle apparatus during anaphase. In the course of telophase, such chromatin material might be included into one or the other daughter cell, where it can either fuse with the main nucleus or form one or several secondary nuclei.1 The formation of MN in dividing cells is the result of chromosome breakage due to unrepaired or mis-repaired DNA lesions, or chromosome malsegregation due to mitotic malfunction. These events may be induced by oxidative stress, exposure to clastogens or aneugens, genetic defects in cell cycle checkpoint and/or DNA repair genes, as well as deficiencies in nutrients required as cofactors in DNA metabolism and chromosome segregation machinery. MN is surrounded by double membranes, and contains chromosomes or fragments of chromosomes which have not been incorporated into one of the daughter nuclei during cell division. 3,4Conflicting opinions related to the size of micronuclei (MNi) still exist in literature. The relative sizes of the MN are reported to be approximately 1/5 th to 1/3 rd area of the PN.The cell bearing one or multiple number of micronuclei (MNi) is known as micronucleated cell (MNC). Appearance of MNCs due to potential carcinogens and environmental mutagens has been shown to be a reliable and sensitive biomarker for cytogenetic damage.5 Among a number of tests, the micronucleus test (MNT) has been implicated both for in vivo and in vitro cytogenetic analysis to indicate chromosomal aberrations.6,7 Application of the MNT in exfoliated buccal cells is an innovative genotoxicity technique, which holds promise for the study of epithelial carcinogens. Micronuclei are suitable internal dosimeters for revealing tissue-specific genotoxic damage in individuals exposed to carcinogenic mixtures. [8][9][10] Almost all the papers published so far are based on either mutagenicity or carcinogenicity of MNCs and none of these was reported on its pathogenicity. Therefore, the objectives of the present study are to evaluate the frequency and pathogenicity of such oral MNCs with respect to age, sex and site through cytodiagnostic approach and to bring about a comprehensive conflict resolution on size of the MNi in oral MNCs through morphometric analysis. MethodologyThe subjects AbstractObjective: Micronucleated cells (MNCs) are a special type of cytological atypia observed in the exfoliated cytosmears of control and oral neoplasm cases. Conflicti...

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Chromosomal Damage and Apoptosis in Exfoliated Buccal Cells from Individuals with Oral Cancer

Cited by 24 publications

References 28 publications

Cytogenetic Abnormality in Exfoliated Cells of Buccal Mucosa in Head and Neck Cancer Patients in the Tunisian Population: Impact of Different Exposure Sources

Cytogenetic Abnormality in Exfoliated Cells of Buccal Mucosa in Head and Neck Cancer Patients in the Tunisian Population: Impact of Different Exposure Sources

Periodontal disease and mouthwash use are risk factors for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

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