Chromosomal and Flowering Characteristics in Dwarf Mistletoes (Arceuthobium)

Wiens, Delbert

doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1968.tb07384.x

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The chromosomes of African or Madagascan species of Arceuthobium and Korthalsella aIso possess the same basic features as those from other continents. Illustrations of the chromosomes of Arceuthobium, Korthulsella and Viscum are found in Wiens (1968), Barlow (1963), and Wiens & Barlow (1971), respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome numbers in African and Madagascan Loranthaceae and Viscaceae

Wiens

1975

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Eighty‐five chromosome numbers representing about 63 species and 23 genera are reported for African and Madagascan Loranthaceae. The base chromosome number of all genera studied is χ= 9. This chromosome number also typifies all other Old World genera of the tribe Lorantheae, and thus supports the previously suggested thesis that the Asian and African Loranthaceae are relatively closely related. Seventy‐six chromosome numbers, representing three genera (Arceuthobium, Korthalsella, Viscum) and 40 species are reported for African and Madagascan Viscaceae. Most of the data are for Viscum. The number χ= 14 is suggested as the base chromosome number for both Viscum and the family as a whole. The Madagascan Visca, however, have a modal chromosome number of χ= 13. Aneuploid chromosome numbers of χ= 12, 11 and 10 occur in Viscum at the north‐south distributional extremes in southern Africa and Europe and, with the addition χ= 13, in all the species with eastward distributions in Madagascar, Asia and Australia. Polyploidy is rare in African and Madagascan members of both families, as is generally also true for other parts of the world where they have been studied. Translocation heterozygosity is reported for a number of species in Viscum.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome numbers in African and Madagascan Loranthaceae and Viscaceae

Wiens

1975

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Pistillate flowers are the same color as the green shoots, and = 1.5 mm long by 1.2 mm diameter (Hawksworth and Wiens 1972). Arceuthobium douglasii is an indirect flowering species, undergoing staminate meiosis the fall prior to spring anthesis (Wiens 1968).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollination and Wind Dispersal of Pollen in Arceuthobium

Player¹

1979

Ecological Monographs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mode of pollination was studied in 2 dwarf mistletoes, Arceuthobium douglasii and A. strictum, from Utah and northern Mexico. Insect visitations to the staminate flowers of A. strictum were common. Visits were found to be rare, however, to the pistillate flowers and to either sex of A. douglasii. Pollen was found to be consistently liberated by the wind from the well—exposed anthers. Air—borne pollen concentration decreased rapidly with distance from the source. No inferences, however, could be made from the data as to dispersal distance. The paucity of insect visitations, the abundance of air—borne pollen, and the moderate to high seed set combined with the absence of apomixis (in A. douglasii) were considered evidence for an anemophilous pollination syndrome. The genus as a whole appears to be anemophilous based on the uniformity of the reproductive morphology. The floral characteristics of Arceuthobium were reevaluated with respect to their suggested role in wind pollination.

show abstract

“…3 Current address: Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL 66064. that develop from extensive systemic host infections called witches' brooms. The dwarf mistletoes of Section Campylopoda form nonsystemic infections on their host trees, have larger aerial shoots, and flower in the summer or fall (Wiens, 1968). This group is especially speciose in the western United States where an apparent adaptive radiation resulted in parasites specific to Abies, Larix, Picea, Pinus, and Tsuga.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A molecular phylogeny of Arceuthobium (Viscaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences

Nickrent

Schuette

Starr

1994

American J of Botany

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 5.8S rDNA sequences were obtained from 22 species of dwarfmistletoes (Arceuthobium -Viscaceae) to test phylogenetic relationships. Interspecific distances ranged from 0 to 21.4% between New World species, values two to five times higher than those measures for the ITS region in other plants. One Old World species (A. oxycedri) and one New World species (A. abietis-religiosae) were remarkably similar to each other but exhibited up to 41% sequence divergence from the remaining species. Minimum length trees support the concept of a verticillately branched subgenus Arceuthobium; however, interspecific distances indicate this group is extremely heterogeneous. Subgenus Vaginata, Section Vaginata, is centered in Mexico and encompasses all the taxa previously placed in this group but is expanded to include several species previously classified in Section Campy/opoda (e.g., A. divaricatum, A. rubrum, and A. strictum). The sister group relationship between A. divaricatum and A. douglasii, first seen following isozyme analysis, is supported by ITS sequence data. Section Campy/opoda s. s. is now composed of 13 mainly U.S. species that show a high degree of morphological and genetic similarity. The eastern dwarf mistletoe, A. pusillum, is not closely related to A. doug/asii but rather with A. bicarinatum from Hispaniola, which suggests that these taxa represent highly modified relicts that shared an ancestor in the early Tertiary. Two endemic species from Mexico and Central America (A. guatemalense and A. pendens) formed a sister group and have been placed in a new Section (penda). Rapid molecular evolution in Arceuthobium may be associated with the adaptive radiation of this genus on numerous conifer hosts.

show abstract

Chromosomal and Flowering Characteristics in Dwarf Mistletoes (Arceuthobium)

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Chromosome numbers in African and Madagascan Loranthaceae and Viscaceae

Chromosome numbers in African and Madagascan Loranthaceae and Viscaceae

Pollination and Wind Dispersal of Pollen in Arceuthobium

A molecular phylogeny of Arceuthobium (Viscaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About