Chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes exposed to the anticholinesterase pesticide isofenphos with mechanisms of leukemogenesis

Williams, R. D.; Boros, László G.; Kolanko, Christopher J.; Jackman, Shawna M; Eggers, Thomas R

doi:10.1016/j.leukres.2003.12.014

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Noteworthy, low cholinesterase levels in serum and lymphocytes have been found in a considerably large number of patients with cancer, where low serum cholinesterase levels correlates with the extent of malignancy and histological classification3132. Many identified risk factors for cancer initiation, development, and metastasis are also high-risk factors for cholinesterases30323334353637. On the other hand, cholinesterase activity can be injured by many physical and chemical agents such as radiations38, pesticides, nerve gas agents, pharmaceuticals3940 and natural compounds41.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinesterase-like organocatalysis by imidazole and imidazole-bearing molecules

Nieri

Carpi

Fogli

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Organocatalysis, which is mostly explored for its new potential industrial applications, also represents a chemical event involved in endogenous processes. In the present study, we provide the first evidence that imidazole and imidazole derivatives have cholinesterase-like properties since they can accelerate the hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine and propionylthiocholine in a concentration-dependent manner. The natural imidazole-containing molecules as L-histidine and histamine show a catalytic activity, comparable to that of imidazole itself, whereas synthetic molecules, as cimetidine and clonidine, were less active. In the experimental conditions used, the reaction progress curves were sigmoidal and the rational of such unexpected behavior as well as the mechanism of catalysis is discussed. Although indirectly, findings of the present study suggests that imidazolic compounds may interfere with the homeostasis of the cholinergic system in vivo.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinesterase-like organocatalysis by imidazole and imidazole-bearing molecules

Nieri

Carpi

Fogli

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…There is limited toxicological evidence of a leukemogenic effect from exposure to specific types of agricultural pesticides such as organophosphates (Perry and Soreq, 2004; Williams et al, 2004). Previous toxicological studies observed a leukemogenic effect from exposure to isofenphos, an organophosphate insecticide (Boros and Williams, 2001; Williams et al, 2004). By design, organophosphates and other anti-cholinesterase compounds inhibit the ability of the enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) to regulate acetylcholine, leading to an over-accumulation of this neurotransmitter (Krieger, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential proximity to agricultural pesticide applications and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Rull

Gunier

Behren

et al. 2009

Environmental Research

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Ambient exposure from residential proximity to applications of agricultural pesticides may contribute to the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Using residential histories collected from the families of 213 ALL cases and 268 matched controls enrolled in the Northern California Childhood Leukemia Study, the authors assessed residential proximity within a half-mile (804.5 meters) of pesticide applications by linking address histories with reports of agricultural pesticide use. Proximity was ascertained during different time windows of exposure, including the first year of life and the child's lifetime through the date of diagnosis for cases or reference for controls. Agricultural pesticides were categorized a priori into groups based on similarities in toxicological effects, physicochemical properties, and target pests or uses. The effects of moderate and high exposure for each group of pesticides were estimated using conditional logistic regression. Elevated ALL risk was associated with lifetime moderate exposure, but not high exposure, to certain physicochemical categories of pesticides, including organophosphates, cholorinated phenols, and triazines, and with pesticides classified as insecticides or fumigants. A similar pattern was also observed for several toxicological groups of pesticides. These findings suggest future directions for the identification of specific pesticides that may play a role in the etiology of childhood leukemia.

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“…This combination is often used in both in vitro and in vivo studies. In in vitro studies, it has been useful to demonstrate the genotoxicity of pesticides in human lymphocytes (Williams et al 2004) and in several model compounds in a metabolically competent lymphoblastoid cell line (Martin et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of excision repaired DNA damage in the comet assay by using Ara-C and hydroxyurea in three different cell types

2007

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Because of its characteristics, the comet assay has been used to evaluate the ability of virtually any type of eukaryotic cell to repair different kinds of DNA damage, including double and single strand breaks and base damage. The ability to detect excision repair sites using the alkaline version can be enhanced by the inclusion of repair inhibitors, DNA synthesis inhibitors, or chain terminators. In this sense, we evaluated the ability of hydroxyurea (HU) and cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C), for detecting lesions produced by the alkylating agents ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) in three different cell systems. Two hundred cells for experimental point were analyzed in the alkaline version of the comet assay, and the results are evidences of the utility of the assay to detect alkylation of bases in the cells lines MRC-5 and TK-6, as the treatment with HU +Ara-C significantly increases both the basal and induced frequency of DNA damage. The use of whole blood, although it detected the effects of MMS, with and without repair inhibitors, failed to detect the effect of the selected dose of EMS and does not permit detection increases in the background level.

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Chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes exposed to the anticholinesterase pesticide isofenphos with mechanisms of leukemogenesis

Cited by 21 publications

References 56 publications

Cholinesterase-like organocatalysis by imidazole and imidazole-bearing molecules

Cholinesterase-like organocatalysis by imidazole and imidazole-bearing molecules

Residential proximity to agricultural pesticide applications and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Detection of excision repaired DNA damage in the comet assay by using Ara-C and hydroxyurea in three different cell types

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