Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) In Rainwater, Southeastern North Carolina, USA

Kieber, Robert J.; Whitehead, Robert F.; Reid, Seth N.; Willey, Joan D.; Seaton, Pamela J.

doi:10.1007/s10874-005-9008-4

Cited by 120 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…However, the cause of the high C2 signature for the North Pacific Subtropical Mode Water has not been previously reported. We hypothesize that it could be related to intense rainfall south of the Kuroshio extension where these water mass is formed 24 , since it is known that rainwater is particularly enriched in these fluorescent compounds 25,26 and this WT is very shallow (archetypal depth ¼ 277±84 m; Table 1), which means that rainwater would dilute in a few tenths of metres during formation of that warm water mass. Indeed, ligninderived phenols, highly modified by photo-oxidation, have been found in dissolved and submicron particles suspended in the North Pacific Subtropical Mode Water, suggesting an aerosol source for these fluorescent materials 27 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turnover time of fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the dark global ocean

et al. 2015

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Marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) is one of the largest reservoirs of reduced carbon on Earth. In the dark ocean (4200 m), most of this carbon is refractory DOM. This refractory DOM, largely produced during microbial mineralization of organic matter, includes humic-like substances generated in situ and detectable by fluorescence spectroscopy. Here we show two ubiquitous humic-like fluorophores with turnover times of 435 ± 41 and 610 ± 55 years, which persist significantly longer than the B350 years that the dark global ocean takes to renew. In parallel, decay of a tyrosine-like fluorophore with a turnover time of 379 ± 103 years is also detected. We propose the use of DOM fluorescence to study the cycling of resistant DOM that is preserved at centennial timescales and could represent a mechanism of carbon sequestration (humic-like fraction) and the decaying DOM injected into the dark global ocean, where it decreases at centennial timescales (tyrosine-like fraction).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turnover time of fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the dark global ocean

et al. 2015

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“…The annual C VWM of POC (1.3 mg L À1 ) was higher than the levels obtained from forestry and semi-rural regions in the United States, i.e., 0.20 mg L À1 in Hubbard Brook of New York (Likens et al, 1983) and 0.73 mg L À1 in Wilmington of North Carolina (Kieber et al, 2006). Similarly, the annual C VWM of DOC (1.4 mg L À1 ) in the present study was lower than other measurements conducted in urban and forest regions in North America and Asia, i.e., 1.9 mg L À1 in Ithaca of New York (Likens et al, 1983), 3.0 mg L À1 in North China (Pan et al, 2010), 3.6 mg L À1 in Guangzhou (Xu et al, 2008), 6.7 mg L À1 in Los Angeles (Kawamura et al, 2001), and 6.8 and 2.1 mg L À1 (spring and summer) in Xi'an of China (Tian et al, 2011), but higher than those in coastal areas in north America (1.1 mg L À1 ) (Likens et al, 1983).…”

Section: Occurrence and Spatial Distribution Of Particulate Matter Tmentioning

confidence: 58%

Significance of wet deposition to removal of atmospheric particulate matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: A case study in Guangzhou, China

Guo

Bao

She

et al. 2014

Atmospheric Environment

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“…Higher absorbance was measured at UV wavelengths (200-400 nm), which could be caused by dissolved light absorbing organic matter present in precipitation. Kieber et al (2006) also reported higher absorbance in the UV spectrum by dissolved organic matter in rainwater. The absorbance of BC in precipitation samples decreased in the visible spectrum (400-750 nm) from 0.006 to 0.004 absorbance units.…”

Section: Uv/vis Spectrophotometermentioning

confidence: 89%

Measuring Organic Carbon and Black Carbon in Rainwater: Evaluation of Methods

Torres

Bond

Lehmann

et al. 2014

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Measuring wet deposition of organic carbon (OC) and black carbon (BC) is crucial for the complete understanding of the global circulation, lifetime, and radiative forcing of these aerosols. There is currently no accepted standard analytical method for measuring OC and BC concentration in precipitation. Different analytical methods have been employed for this purpose, but their feasibility has yet to be assessed. This manuscript evaluates the use of thermaloptical analysis (TOA), single-particle soot photometry (SP2), and ultraviolet-visible (UV/VIS) spectrophotometry for measuring BC in precipitation. In addition, total organic carbon (TOC) analysis was evaluated for the measurement of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in precipitation. Potential interferences and sources of bias were assessed for each method. Precipitation samples and reference materials containing carbon particles generated from wood combustion and a natural gas diffusion flame were used in this study. The UV/VIS spectrophotometer, despite showing linearity with BC concentration, had inadequate sensitivity (±18 μg/L) to measure the low concentrations expected in precipitation. The SP2 analysis was adequate to measure refractory BC in precipitation in terms of precision and detection limit; however, systematic loss was estimated to be 34% (±3%). Sample filtration followed by TOA was inefficient for measuring particulate carbon in rainwater, as the quartz fiber filter captured less than 38% of the BC mass. Filtration was improved by adding salts and acids into the water samples, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, (NH 4 )H 2 PO 4 , was determined to be the best additive by increasing the collection efficiency of quartz fiber filters up to 95% (±5%). The TOC analyzer proved to be precise in the expected concentration range (200-5000 μg-C/L) for measuring DOC and total carbon (TC), including particulate OC and 94% (±2%) of the refractory BC in solution.

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Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) In Rainwater, Southeastern North Carolina, USA

Cited by 120 publications

References 49 publications

Turnover time of fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the dark global ocean

Turnover time of fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the dark global ocean

Significance of wet deposition to removal of atmospheric particulate matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: A case study in Guangzhou, China

Measuring Organic Carbon and Black Carbon in Rainwater: Evaluation of Methods

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