Chromium-induced toxic hepatitis

Lança, Sara; Alves, Amanda; Vieira, Ana Isabel; Barata, José Diogo; Freitas, João; Carvalho, Ana

doi:10.1016/s0953-6205(02)00164-4

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Among ACE ingredients, chromium is also reported. Trivalent chromium compounds are used to enhance weight loss due to purported effects of decreasing body fat and increasing basal rate (Anderson 1998); however, there have been reports of chromium hepatotoxicity, due to dietary supplements (Cerulli et al 1998;Lança et al 2002). In conclusion, which is the exact hepatotoxic agent in Saba Appetite Control and Energy (ACE) and whether a possible contamination with DMAA played a role in liver toxicity remain unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatotoxicity of green tea: an update

2015

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Green tea (GT), obtained from the leaves of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze (Fam. Theaceae), is largely used for its potential health benefits such as reduction in risk of cardiovascular diseases and weight loss. Nevertheless, it is suspected to induce liver damage. Present work reviews the hepatic adverse reactions associated with GT-based herbal supplements, published by the end of 2008 to March 2015. A systematic research was carried out on PubMed, MedlinePlus, Scopus and Google Scholar databases, without any language restriction. Moreover, some accessible databases on pharmacovigilance or phytovigilance were consulted. The causality assessment was performed using the CIOMS/RUCAM score. Nineteen cases of hepatotoxicity related to the consumption of herbal products containing GT were identified. The hepatic reactions involved mostly women (16/19); the kind of liver damage was generally classified as hepatocellular (16/19). The causality assessment between consumption of herbal preparation and hepatic reaction resulted as probable in eight cases and as possible in eleven cases. In seven cases, patients used preparations containing only GT, while twelve reactions involved patients who took multicomponent preparations (MC). The reactions induced by GT had a generally long latency (179.1 ± 58.95 days), and the outcome was always resolution, with recovery time of 64.6 ± 17.78 days. On the contrary, liver injury associated with MC had a shorter latency (44.7 ± 13.85 days) and was more serious in four cases that required liver transplantation and, when resolution occurred, the recovery time was longer (118.9 ± 38.79). MC preparations contained numerous other components, many of which are suspected to induce liver damage, so it is difficult to ascribe the toxicity to one specific component, e.g., GT. Present data confirm a certain safety concern with GT, even if the number of hepatic reactions reported is low considering the great extent of use of this supplement. The mechanism of GT hepatotoxicity remains unclear, but factors related to the patient are becoming predominant. A major safety concern exists when GT is associated with other ingredients that can interact between them and with GT, enhancing the risk of liver damage. Patients should be discouraged from using herbal or dietary supplements containing complex mixtures and should be encouraged to use herbal and dietary supplement possibly under supervision of healthcare professionals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatotoxicity of green tea: an update

2015

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“…Chromium polynicotinate which is found in Hydroxycut®, was reported to cause acute hepatocellular liver injury in a patient who also took various plant extracts including Garcinia cambogia (26) There is even concern for supplement products in general that liver injury may come not from the listed ingredients, but from contaminants such as lead, mercury or arsenic (27-29). There are indeed reports of several other herbals and/or weight loss products purchased via the Internet that are known to have caused liver injury (30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatotoxicity Due to Hydroxycut: A Case Series

Fong

Klontz

Cañas-Coto

et al. 2010

American Journal of Gastroenterology

130

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Background Muscletech Hydroxycut® (Iovate Health Sciences Research, Oakville, Ontario) was a popular weight loss supplement that was recalled by the manufacturer in May 2009 based on reports of hepatotoxicity associated with this supplement. Objective To characterize the clinical presentation of Hydroxycut®-associated liver injury and to adjudicate these cases for causal association with Hydroxycut®. Design Case series. Setting Academic tertiary care hospitals and FDA databases. Measurements Assessment of causality and grading of severity of liver injury using methodology developed by the Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network (DILIN) study. Results Eight patients who developed liver injury after taking Hydroxycut treated at different medical centers were identified. All were hospitalized and 3 of 8 patients required liver transplantation. Nine other cases with adequate clinical information were obtained from the FDA MedWatch database including one fatal case of acute liver failure. Usual symptoms were jaundice, fatigue, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. Most patients exhibited a hepatocellular pattern of injury. Adjudication for causality revealed 8 cases as definite, 5 highly likely, 2 probable and 2 were considered as possible. Conclusions Hydroxycut® has been clearly implicated as a cause for severe liver injury that may lead to acute liver failure and death. Weight loss supplements represent a class of dietary supplements that should be regarded as capable of causing severe hepatic toxicity when the usual causes of identified liver injury cannot be otherwise elucidated.

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“…Naturally, in the case of multi-component products, the presence of these confounding variables makes it difficult to ascribe potentially adverse reactions to a single ingredient. For example, in the case of Hydroxycut, chromium piccolinate may have been the likely ingredient responsible for the observed hepatotoxicity [52].…”

Section: Liver Toxicity Of Green Tea Extractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse effects of concentrated green tea extracts

Schönthal

2011

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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A myriad of health claims are being made in favor of the consumption of green tea. However, mostly due to the easy availability and greater than ever popularity of highly concentrated green tea extracts, sometimes combined with an attitude of more-is-better, certain health risks of green tea consumption have begun to emerge. Among such risks are the possibility of liver damage, the potential to interact with prescription drugs to alter their therapeutic efficacy, and the chance to cause harm when combined with other highly popular herbal remedies. This review will summarize documented examples of adverse effects of green tea in humans, and will discuss risks of copious consumption of highly concentrated green tea extracts as indicated by studies in animals. While there is no intention to minimize any of the scientifically established benefits of the use of green tea, the purpose of this review is to focus primarily on the potential for adverse effects and raise awareness of the rare, yet under-appreciated risks.

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Chromium-induced toxic hepatitis

Cited by 22 publications

References 3 publications

Hepatotoxicity of green tea: an update

Hepatotoxicity of green tea: an update

Hepatotoxicity Due to Hydroxycut: A Case Series

Adverse effects of concentrated green tea extracts

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