Chromium in Environment, Its Toxic Effect from Chromite-Mining and Ferrochrome Industries, and Its Possible Bioremediation

Coetzee, Johan J.; Bansal, Neetu; Chirwa, Evans M.N.

doi:10.1007/s12403-018-0284-z

Cited by 243 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Due to its high corrosion resistance, it is often used in alloys, mainly for the production of stainless steel [2]. Further industrial applications include leather-tanning and pigmentation [3]. The dominant naturally occurring form of chromium is the trivalent state (Cr (III)), while hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) compounds are only found in small quantities [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dominant naturally occurring form of chromium is the trivalent state (Cr (III)), while hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) compounds are only found in small quantities [1]. Anthropogenic sources, such as effluent discharges of chromium-working industries, make up the largest part of Cr (VI) occurrence in the environment [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oxidation state and complexation of chromium is determined by the redox potential, the pH, and the total chromium concentration of the medium [7]. Cr (III) occurs at wide ranges of both the pH (5 to 14) and the redox potential (-0.4 to 0.8 V), resulting in the species Cr(OH) 2+ , Cr(OH) 2 + , Cr(OH) 3 , and Cr(OH) 4 - [3,7]. Under oxidizing conditions, the hexavalent soluble species hydrogen chromate, chromate, and dichromate are formed depending on the pH and chromium concentration [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While Cr (III) is an essential nutrient for humans that is, e.g., responsible for reducing blood glucose levels [8], Cr (VI) is highly toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic [9]. The major sources of chromium exposure for humans are food and drinking water and, in the case of chrome-production workers, the inhalation of chromium-polluted air [3]. In 2013, the German Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt -UBA) commissioned a report to assess the toxicity of Cr (VI).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stabilization of Chromium (VI) in the Presence of Iron (II): Method Development and Validation

Mahringer¹,

Polenz²,

El-Athman³

2020

Water

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The presence of Cr (VI) in drinking water is mainly caused by leaching of chromium-containing aquifer material into groundwater. In contrast to Cr (III), it has been classified as highly toxic. For this reason, the WHO recommends the implementation of separate guideline values, instead of the so far used limit value of total chromium. The separate evaluation of Cr (VI) in raw water and during removal processes requires the Cr (VI) concentration to remain stable after sampling. In the presence of Fe (II), a stabilization of the samples is necessary to inhibit further reduction of Cr (VI) by Fe (II). In this study, two methods of Cr (VI) stabilization in Fe-(II)-containing water samples are investigated: Fe (II) oxidation by oxygen at high pH values in the presence of buffers and Fe (II) complexation by chelating agents. When adding hydrogen carbonate buffer, Cr (VI) recovery reached 100% at pH values of 10 to 12 in the presence of up to 3 mg L–1 Fe (II). Using hydrogen phosphate buffer, Cr (VI) recovery reached 100% only at pH 12 but for a Fe (II) concentration up to 6 mg L–1. Ammonium buffer was found to be less suitable for Cr (VI) stabilization. The addition of EDTA and citrate resulted in low recovery of Cr (VI), whereas citrate was found to accelerate the Cr (VI) reduction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Stabilization of Chromium (VI) in the Presence of Iron (II): Method Development and Validation

Mahringer¹,

Polenz²,

El-Athman³

2020

Water

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“…Chronic toxicity of Pb is manifested as liver toxicity, nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity, which can cause growth delay, neuronal defects and anemia in children 31,32 . Cr has been shown to be related to certain diseases such as nasal septum defect, liver and kidney damage, dermatitis, internal haemorrhage, and respiratory 33,34 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical composition and potentially toxic elements in the Kyrgyzstan portion of the transboundary Chu-Talas river basin, Central Asia

Abuduwaili

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Water chemistry and the assessment of health risks of potentially toxic elements have important research significance for water resource utilization and human health. However, not enough attention has been paid to the study of surface water environments in many parts of Central Asia. Sixty water samples were collected from the transboundary river basin of Chu-Talas during periods of high and low river flow, and the hydrochemical composition, including major ions and potentially toxic elements (Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, and As), was used to determine the status of irrigation suitability and risks to human health. The results suggest that major ions in river water throughout the entire basin are mainly affected by water–rock interactions, resulting in the dissolution and weathering of carbonate and silicate rocks. The concentrations of major ions change to some extent with different hydrological periods; however, the hydrochemical type of calcium carbonate remains unchanged. Based on the water-quality assessment, river water in the basin is classified as excellent/good for irrigation. The relationship between potentially toxic elements (Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, and As) and major ions is basically the same between periods of high and low river flow. There are significant differences between the sources of potentially toxic elements (Zn, Pb, Cu, and As) and major ions; however, Cr may share the same rock source as major ions. The risk assessment revealed low non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks for human health; however, the maximum carcinogenic risk for As exceeded the allowable value, which requires further consideration. These results provide a scientific basis for the management of agricultural irrigation uses and also infill existing gaps regarding the hydrochemical composition in the Chu-Talas river basin, Central Asia.

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Selective Detection of Chromate and Permanganate Ions Using Gallic Acid Capped CaF₂:Tb³⁺ Nanocrystals

Madhukar,

Adusumalli,

Koppisetti

et al. 2024

Chemistry An Asian Journal

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In this study, we have developed ligand‐sensitized Ln3+‐doped nanocrystals (NCs) for the selective sensing of Cr2O72− and MnO4− ions in nanomolar concentrations. This is accomplished with the gallic acid capped‐CaF2:Tb3+ NCs. These NCs display bright green emission through an efficient energy transfer from surface functionalized gallic acid molecules to Tb3+ ions upon UV light excitation. The luminescence emissions from Tb3+ ions are selectively quenched by the addition of Cr2O72− and MnO4− anions. The reduction in the luminescence intensity is found to be quite selective, as the addition of other strong oxidizing species (I−, F−, Br−, Cl−, PO32−, SO42−, VO3−, WO42−, IO3−, ClO4−,) had minimal impact on the luminescence intensity of Tb3+ ions. The calculated limit of detection from the experimental results (for the 3/slope criterion) is 77 nM and 55 nM for K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4, respectively. The findings show that tuning the resonance energy transfer (RET) between analytes and Tb3+ inside the NCs serves as a tool for the detection of dichromate and permanganate ions selectively.

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Chromium in Environment, Its Toxic Effect from Chromite-Mining and Ferrochrome Industries, and Its Possible Bioremediation

Abstract: Chromium has long been recognized as a toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic metal. It is toxic to microorganism, plants, animals and humans. Chromium

Cited by 243 publications

References 91 publications

Stabilization of Chromium (VI) in the Presence of Iron (II): Method Development and Validation

Stabilization of Chromium (VI) in the Presence of Iron (II): Method Development and Validation

Hydrochemical composition and potentially toxic elements in the Kyrgyzstan portion of the transboundary Chu-Talas river basin, Central Asia

Selective Detection of Chromate and Permanganate Ions Using Gallic Acid Capped CaF₂:Tb³⁺ Nanocrystals

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Chromium in Environment, Its Toxic Effect from Chromite-Mining and Ferrochrome Industries, and Its Possible Bioremediation

Abstract: Chromium has long been recognized as a toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic metal. It is toxic to microorganism, plants, animals and humans. Chromium

Cited by 243 publications

References 91 publications

Stabilization of Chromium (VI) in the Presence of Iron (II): Method Development and Validation

Stabilization of Chromium (VI) in the Presence of Iron (II): Method Development and Validation

Hydrochemical composition and potentially toxic elements in the Kyrgyzstan portion of the transboundary Chu-Talas river basin, Central Asia

Selective Detection of Chromate and Permanganate Ions Using Gallic Acid Capped CaF2:Tb3+ Nanocrystals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Selective Detection of Chromate and Permanganate Ions Using Gallic Acid Capped CaF₂:Tb³⁺ Nanocrystals