Chromium Homeostasis in Patients with Type II (NIDDM) Diabetes

Morris, B W; MacNeil, Sheila; Hardisty, C. A.; Heller, Simon; Burgin, Christine; Gray, T A

doi:10.1016/s0946-672x(99)80024-8

Cited by 104 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In addition, Feng et al (19) also reported that mean levels of blood Cr were higher in insulin-dependent diabetic rats compared with normal rats. In contrast, significantly lower plasma Cr levels were observed in diabetic human patients compared with non-diabetic healthy controls (1,6,16,28,29). One possible explanation for these discrepancies in the plasma Cr level is that hyperglycemia in the diabetic state recruits intracellular Cr storage to the plasma low-molecular-weight chromium-binding substance form.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Elevated Urinary Cr Loss Induces a Reduction in Renal Cr Concentration and the Negative Cr Balance in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Mita

Ishihara

Ishiguro

et al. 2008

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Summary Chromium (Cr) is an essential trace element and is important for normal carbohydrate metabolism, and its deficiency in animals can cause a diabetic-like state. Human and experimental animal studies suggest that urinary Cr excretion is increased in diabetic populations. To investigate whether hyperglycemia-induced elevation of urinary Cr excretion reduces tissue Cr storage conditions, we assessed total Cr balance and Cr distribution in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Male C57BL mice were randomly assigned to STZ or control groups and their urine was collected 7, 14, 21 and 28 d after STZ injection. An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry instrument equipped with a dynamic reaction cell was used for determination of Cr in urine, plasma and tissues samples. The urinary excretions of Cr were 15.4 Ϯ 3.0 and 356 Ϯ 62 ng/d, and the renal Cr concentrations were 0.85 Ϯ 0.12 and 0.17 Ϯ 0.03 ng/mg for the control and diabetes groups, respectively ( p Ͻ 0.01), after 28 d. The Cr balance in STZ-treated mice was distinctly negative due to the increase in urinary Cr loss ( p Ͻ 0.01). These results suggest that in mice, STZ induces a reduction in renal Cr concentration and total negative Cr balance caused by an increase in urinary Cr output.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Morris et al (4)(5)(6) have reported that urine Cr concentrations of adult-onset diabetics are approximately twice as high as those of healthy subjects. Our previous study ( 3 ) suggested that urinary Cr excretion is increased in type 2 diabetic mice compared with normal mice.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated Urinary Cr Loss Induces a Reduction in Renal Cr Concentration and the Negative Cr Balance in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Mita

Ishihara

Ishiguro

et al. 2008

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…We can say that lower level of insulin can be more effective in chromium workers, which means high insulin sensitivity. Morris et al [29] defined an inverse relationship between plasma chromium and insulin levels in healthy individuals after a 75-g oral glucose load during hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamping. This study also supports our results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can long‐term exposure to chromium improve insulin sensitivity in chromium mine workers?

Tuzcu

Bahçeci

Dursun

et al. 2004

J Trace Elements Exper Med

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The purpose of this work was to evaluate insulin sensitivity in chromium mine workers exposed to chromium chronically. Body mass index, waist circumference, fat mass and percent, lipid levels, serum glucose, insulin, leptin and chromium levels, HOMA (%S), and HOMA (%B) values were measured in 93 male workers and 94 age-and body mass index-matched healthy controls. Fat mass and fat percent of workers were higher than control subjects (P < 0.01 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Mean insulin level of the workers was lower than control subjects (6.2 ± 4.9 lU/mL and 9.38 ± 5, respectively, P < 0.0001). Mean serum leptin levels was also lower than the control group (8.47 ± 6.5 ng/mL and 19.0 ± 10.8, respectively, P < 0.0001). Serum chromium was higher than the control subjects (407.7 ± 224.2 nmol/L and 4.45 ± 3.9, respectively, P < 0.00001). Mean HOMA (%S) index of workers was higher than control subjects (114.4 ± 55.6 and 55.7 ± 40.6, P < 0.001). Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels of the workers were significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.02). In conclusion, long-term exposure to chromium may improve insulin sensitivity and b-cell function. This improvement appears to be a result of low body fat mass and fat percent in body composition. In addition, chromium usage may have useful effects in the insulin sensitivity and therefore in development of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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“…Improvements in glucose tolerance (117)(118)(119)(120)(121)(122)(123)(124)(125)(126)(127)(128) , plasma TG, total and HDL-cholesterol (128)(129)(130)(131) after Cr supplementation is well documented in humans and in animals. In Type 2 diabetic patients, Cr supplementation resulted in an improvement in insulin sensitivity (132)(133)(134) and other metabolic parameters (135,136) . Studies involving patients on total-parenteral-nutrition (TPN) led to conclusive documentation of the essential role of Cr in human nutrition (117,123,124) .…”

Section: Dietary Factors Physical Activity and Insulin Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-Infection: The Role of Insulin Resistance and Alternative Treatments

Aghdassi¹

2011

HIV Infection in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment and Some of Its Associated Complications

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Chromium Homeostasis in Patients with Type II (NIDDM) Diabetes

Cited by 104 publications

References 14 publications

Elevated Urinary Cr Loss Induces a Reduction in Renal Cr Concentration and the Negative Cr Balance in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Elevated Urinary Cr Loss Induces a Reduction in Renal Cr Concentration and the Negative Cr Balance in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Can long‐term exposure to chromium improve insulin sensitivity in chromium mine workers?

HIV-Infection: The Role of Insulin Resistance and Alternative Treatments

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