Chromium exposure assessment of outdoor workers in Hudson County, NJ

Bukowski, John A.; Goldstein, Michael; Korn, Leo R.; Rudakewych, Mary; Shepperly, David; Gates, Donald; McLinden, Michael

doi:10.1016/0048-9697(92)90047-v

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This conclusion was also reached in two recent urinary chromium studies in New Jersey (Bukowski et al, 1991(Bukowski et al, , 1992. However, if the data do suggest that a relationship exists between urinary chromium concentrations and exposure to chromite-ore processing residue, the panel concluded it will be necessary to quantify, at least to some degree, the exposure level of this group of "exposed persons."…”

Section: Linking Urinary Chromium Levels To Environmental Exposurementioning

confidence: 71%

“…Total chromium concentrations in the soil at the test site were as much as 760 times greater than those found at the control sites. Total chromium air concentrations at the test location ranged from 0.1 /¿g/m 3 to 0.33 /¿g/m 3 (mean of 0.18 /ig/m 3 ), while air concentrations at the control sites were below the method limit of detection (0.06-0.08 /¿g/m 3 ) (Bukowski et al, 1992). Urinary chromium concentrations averaged 0.60 ßg Cr/g creatinine for employees of the Hudson County state park and 0.63 ßg Cr/g creatinine for the employees of the control parks.…”

Section: Previous Biomonitoring Studies Of People Exposed To Chromiummentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Other Studies of Environmental Exposure In addition to the Whitney Young, Jr., School assessment, a study that attempted to use urinary chromium as an index of environmental exposure was recently conducted (Bukowski et al, 1991(Bukowski et al, , 1992. In their work, the authors found no difference in chromium levels in blood or urine between a group of subjects who worked at a Hudson County, N.J., state park that contained chromite-ore processing residues, and employees in one of two state parks outside Hudson County (but not in proximity to chromite-ore processing residues).…”

Section: Previous Biomonitoring Studies Of People Exposed To Chromiummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors indicate that "these results call into question the utility of chromium biomonitoring under environmental exposure conditions" even when soils contain relatively high concentrations, since "factors such as diet, exercise, etc. may affect urinary levels more than environmental exposures" (Bukowski et al, 1992).…”

Section: Previous Biomonitoring Studies Of People Exposed To Chromiummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study assessing urinary chromium levels of a group of individuals employed at a state park in Hudson County, N.J., spot samples collected from the control group of 35 male and female employees of two New Jersey state parks with no known chromite-ore processing residues averaged 0.63 /¿g/g creatinine, or approximately 0.82 /ig/L, assuming a creatinine concentration of 1.3 g/L (Bukowski et al, 1992). IARC (1990) reported the mean background urinary chromium concentrations observed in 7 studies to range from 0.24 to 1.8 ßg/L However, these values were measured in a number of different countries and using a number of different analytical methods, such that the effect of regional differences in diet, occupational exposure, etc.…”

Section: Background Concentrations Of Chromium In Human Urinementioning

confidence: 99%

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Designing a biological monitoring program to assess community exposure to chromium: Conclusions of an expert panel

Anderson¹,

Colton²,

Doull³

et al. 1993

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health

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The possible benefits of biological monitoring of large groups of people potentially exposed to environmental contaminants has become an area of much interest in recent years. Because chromite-ore processing residue has been found in some soils in northern New Jersey, urinary chromium monitoring of people in the community was evaluated as a potentially useful tool. In an attempt to identify those who could be exposed and to quantify the magnitude of exposure to the chromium in these soils, the New Jersey Department of Health (NJDOH) initiated a public health screening project. In 1992, the NJDOH proposed to evaluate over 4000 people who lived or worked near these sites. Volunteers were administered a questionnaire and were given a limited physical examination, and a single spot urine sample was collected. Because of the difficulties in using urinary chromium to assess low-level exposure and the potential implications of any regulatory decisions that could be based on the results of this project, a panel of experts was convened to evaluate the protocol. The panel consisted of five scientists and physicians with expertise in toxicology, dermatology, epidemiology, biological monitoring, and analytical chemistry. Like a World Health Organization group, the panel concluded that although urine biomonitoring can be useful in evaluating high levels of exposure to chromium, it is not reliable for assessing low-level exposure similar to that which may have occurred in northern New Jersey. The panel also noted that when urinary biomonitoring is to be used to assess the public's possible exposure, a large number of precautions must be taken to ensure the accuracy and usefulness of the results. The single most important recommendation was to collect a second, and perhaps a third, spot urine (or 24-h urine) sample before concluding that a person may be routinely overexposed. These suggestions are applicable to designing a biomonitoring program for nearly any environmental contaminant to which a community may be exposed. A review of scientific literature associated with biological monitoring of chromium is provided.

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Section: Linking Urinary Chromium Levels To Environmental Exposurementioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Previous Biomonitoring Studies Of People Exposed To Chromiummentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Previous Biomonitoring Studies Of People Exposed To Chromiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Previous Biomonitoring Studies Of People Exposed To Chromiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background Concentrations Of Chromium In Human Urinementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Designing a biological monitoring program to assess community exposure to chromium: Conclusions of an expert panel

Anderson¹,

Colton²,

Doull³

et al. 1993

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Community Exposure and Medical Screening near Chromium Waste Sites in New Jersey

Fagliano

Savrin

Udasin

et al. 1997

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology

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Urinary Chromium as a Biological Marker of Environmental Exposure: What Are the Limitations?

Paustenbach

Panko²,

Fredrick³

et al. 1997

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology

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Chromium exposure assessment of outdoor workers in Hudson County, NJ

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Designing a biological monitoring program to assess community exposure to chromium: Conclusions of an expert panel

Designing a biological monitoring program to assess community exposure to chromium: Conclusions of an expert panel

Community Exposure and Medical Screening near Chromium Waste Sites in New Jersey

Urinary Chromium as a Biological Marker of Environmental Exposure: What Are the Limitations?

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