Chrominance watermark for mobile applications

Reed, Alastair; Rogers, Eliot; James, Daniel F. V.

doi:10.1117/12.839134

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Chrominance watermarking facilitates imperceptible watermarking of images at lower spatial frequencies in comparison to luminance watermarking [3]. This makes it ideal for smart phone applications of watermarking.…”

Section: Chrominance Watermarking For Printmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Reed et al [3] introduced chrominance watermarking for mobile applications. The relatively low resolution and noise levels of typical mobile phone cameras impose severe constraints on the visibility and watermark robustness trade-off.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the relatively low sensitivity of human visual system to chrominance changes, a low resolution chrominance watermark results in high image fidelity while providing good robustness for mobile applications. The chrominance watermark consists of two components -a spread spectrum message signal and a synchronization signal comprised of spikes of frequencies [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of camera phone distortion and implications for watermarking

2011

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The paper presents a watermark robustness model based on the mobile phone camera's spatial frequency response and watermark embedding parameters such as density and strength. A new watermark robustness metric based on spatial frequency response is defined. The robustness metric is computed by measuring the area under the spatial frequency response for the range of frequencies covered by the watermark synchronization signal while excluding the interference due to aliasing. By measuring the distortion introduced by a particular camera, the impact on watermark detection can be understood and quantified without having to conduct large-scale experiments. This in turn can provide feedback on adjusting the watermark embedding parameters and finding the right trade-off between watermark visibility and robustness to distortion. In addition, new devices can be quickly qualified for their use in smart image applications. The iPhone 3G, iPhone 3GS, and iPhone 4 camera phones are used as examples in this paper to verify the behavior of the watermark robustness model.

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Section: Chrominance Watermarking For Printmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of camera phone distortion and implications for watermarking

2011

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“…For this application, a chrominance watermark is used which allows a low visibility watermark to be used and is detectable by a cell phone camera with inherently low resolution and high noise levels 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chrominance watermark embed using a full-color visibility model

Bradley

Reed

Stach

2012

Imaging and Printing in a Web 2.0 World III

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A watermark embed scheme has been developed to insert a watermark with the maximum signal strength for a user selectable visibility constraint. By altering the watermark strength and direction to meet a visibility constraint, the maximum watermark signal for a particular image is inserted. The method consists of iterative embed software and a full color human visibility model plus a watermark signal strength metric.The iterative approach is based on the intersections between hyper-planes, which represent visibility and signal models, and the edges of a hyper-volume, which represent output device visibility and gamut constraints. The signal metric is based on the specific watermark modulation and detection methods and can be adapted to other modulation approaches. The visibility model takes into account the different contrast sensitivity functions of the human eye to L, a and b, and masking due to image content.

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“…This does not come as surprise; it is commonly known that the contrast sensitivity of the HVS is higher for the luminance channel than for the red-green or blue-yellow opponent-color channels. [28][29][30][31] In this work, we use the YC b C r opponent-color space as error minimization space for the CDBS algorithm. Using this color space resulted in finest halftone textures when compared to the CIELAB and Y y C x C z opponent-color spaces.…”

Section: Data Embedding Using Orientation Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orientation Modulation for Data Hiding in Chrominance Channels of Direct Binary Search Halftone Prints

Kitanovski¹,

Pedersen²

2016

cic

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Abstract. In this article, we propose a joint halftoning and data hiding technique for color images. To ensure high quality of the printed image, the color direct binary search (CDBS) iterative halftoning algorithm is used. The proposed approach uses the commonly available cyan, magenta and yellow colorants to hide data in the chrominance channels. Orientation modulation is used for data embedding during the iterative CDBS halftoning stage. The detector is using PCA-learned components to extract the embedded data from the scanned image. Experimental results show that this proposed CDBS-based data hiding method offers both higher data hiding capacity and higher robustness to the print-and-scan channel when compared to the state-of-the-art grayscale counterpart method. The relatively high correct detection rate make this approach suitable for applications which require exact extraction of embedded data in prints.

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Chrominance watermark for mobile applications

Cited by 7 publications

References 3 publications

Assessment of camera phone distortion and implications for watermarking

Assessment of camera phone distortion and implications for watermarking

Chrominance watermark embed using a full-color visibility model

Orientation Modulation for Data Hiding in Chrominance Channels of Direct Binary Search Halftone Prints

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