Chromic oxide and acid‐insoluble ash as markers in digestibility studies with growing pigs and sows

Brestenský, M.; Nitrayová, S.; Heger, J.; Patráš, P.

doi:10.1111/jpn.12503

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Equivalently, Wang et al (2017) found that in pigs all three markers TiO 2 , Cr 2 O 3 , and AIA gave similar results for energy and nitrogen digestibility, while TFC led to different digestibility estimates. Other studies with pigs reported similar ATTD determined by the AIA and Cr 2 O 3 markers (Favero et al, 2014;Brestenský et al, 2017). This is encouraging because AIA may have beneficial applications for animals that cannot be fed prepared diets with added external markers.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

223 Comparison of four digestibility markers to estimate fecal output of dogs

Alvarenga

Aldrich

2017

Journal of Animal Science

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Twelve adult beagle dogs (10.6 ± 1.4 kg) were fed extruded dog diets in which the starch sources were whole sorghum, sorghum flour, sorghum mill-feed, or an equal combination of rice, corn, and wheat. The experiment was conducted as a replicated Latin square design digestibility study. Estimates of fecal organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), and gross energy (GE) outputs were determined by four methods: total fecal collection (TFC), chromic oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ), titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), and acid insoluble ash (AIA). The correlation among the fecal output estimates by the four methods by partial correlation coefficients from the Error SSCP Matrix (Pearson) were considered significant at P < 0.05. The external markers, Cr 2 O 3 and TiO 2 , had a higher (P < 0.05) OM fecal output Pearson correlation to TFC than the intrinsic marker AIA (R = 0.931 for Cr 2 O 3 vs. TiO 2 ; R = 0.559 for TFC vs. Cr 2 O 3 ; R = 0.592 for TFC vs. TiO 2 ; R = 0.291 for AIA vs. TFC). Interestingly, TiO 2 highly correlated (P < 0.05) to Cr 2 O 3 (R = 0.93 for OM), and was also correlated highly to TFC and AIA. The study suggests that TiO 2 may be a preferred marker to estimate fecal output in dogs vs. Cr 2 O 3 . The use of AIA represents a potential option for determining digestibility for diets in which external markers are impractical.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

223 Comparison of four digestibility markers to estimate fecal output of dogs

Alvarenga

Aldrich

2017

Journal of Animal Science

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“…(2020) compared AID of SBM determined using exogenous Cr 2 O 3 , TiO 2 and AIA and found that the former 2 markers gave higher estimates of AID of most amino acids than AIA when pigs were fed a simple diet. Also, Brestensky et al. (2017) found that AIA and Cr 2 O 3 provided similar estimates of AID of amino acids and N and ATTD of N in cereal-based diets containing 20% of SBM or SBM plus rapeseed meal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Acid-insoluble ash is a better indigestible marker than chromic oxide to measure apparent total tract digestibility in pigs

Prawirodigdo

Gannon²,

Leury

et al. 2021

Animal Nutrition

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The aim of this study was to determine the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients in cottonseed meal (CSM) and soybean meal (SBM) in simple carbohydrate and more complex wheat-based diets using 2 indigestible markers and total faecal collection. Twenty-five Large White × Landrace boars (57.8 kg) were randomly allocated to either a pure wheat diet, 40% CSM or SBM in either a sugar-starch- (1:1) or wheat-based diet for 18 d. Acid-insoluble ash (AIA) and chromic oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ) were included in all diets as indigestible markers. Diets were offered (1,800 g/d per pig) in 3 meals/d from d 1 to 11 and 8 meals/d from d 12 to 17. On d 9, the pigs were moved to individual metabolism cages to allow total faecal collection. On d 18, the pigs were fed hourly for 8 h. After the 8th meal, pigs were anaesthetized and digesta sampled from the terminal ileum and rectum before lethal injection. There were no differences between ATTD of nitrogen (N) determined using AIA as a marker and measured by total faecal collection. On the other hand, the ATTD of N of diets containing CSM in sugar-starch- or wheat-based diets and the pure wheat diet determined using Cr 2 O 3 as a marker was less (−3.11%, −4.46% and −6.59%; P < 0.001) than that measured by total faecal collection. The ATTD of N determined using AIA as a marker was highly correlated with that measured using total faecal collection ( P < 0.001; R 2 = 0.95). Similarly, the ATTD of N determined using Cr 2 O 3 as a marker was correlated with that measured using total faecal collection, although the correlation was not quite as strong as using AIA ( P < 0.001; R 2 = 0.87). Also, the slope of the regression line and the intercept were closer to unity and zero for the relationship when the ATTD of N was determined using AIA compared to Cr 2 O 3 as an indigestible marker. The ATTD of organic and dry matter behaved similarly. These data demonstrate that the basal diet and choice of indigestible marker can substantially influence the ATTD and that the use of AIA as an indigestible marker is more suitable than Cr 2 O 3 in digestibility studies in pigs.

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“…where Ni represents the concentration of the nutrient (Ca or P) in the feces, Md represents the dietary concentration of the marker (chromic oxide), Nd represents the dietary concentration of the nutrient (Ca or P), and Mi represents the concentration of the marker in the feces (all values expressed in g/kg DM) [19]. Ca and P intake was calculated using the daily FI multiplied by the dietary Ca and P levels for each treatment and growth period (grower, finisher).…”

Section: Sampling and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Phytase Supplementation at Increasing Doses from 0 to 1500 FTU/kg on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Bone Status in Grower–Finisher Pigs Fed Phosphorus-Deficient Diets

Grela

Muszyński

Czech

et al. 2020

Animals

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The objective of the current study is to assess the effects of the inclusion of 6-n phytase to a phosphorous-deficient diet on the growth performance (feed intake, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio), apparent digestibility of calcium and phosphorus, and bone characteristics of grower–finisher pigs. The experimental diets included a phosphorus-deficient diet containing 0 (negative control), 250, 500, 1000, or 1500 FTU/kg of 6-phytase, and a diet formulated to meet the phosphorus nutrient requirements of pigs (positive control). Pigs were fed the experimental diets from the time they were ~35 kg body weight until they reached slaughter weight of ~110 kg. Bone status of the metacarpal (ash, mineral content) and femur (mineralization, geometry, and mechanical strength) bones were assessed. There was no effect of dietary treatment on feed intake. Feed conversion ratio was improved following inclusion of phytase at a dose of 500 FTU/kg or higher. Phytase inclusion at a dose of 1000 FTU/kg increased the average daily weight gain of grower–finisher pigs. Phytase inclusion at a dose of 500 FTU/kg was sufficient to increase metacarpal phosphorus content. Femur mid-diaphysis ash percentage was significantly increased even after the inclusion of the lowest dose of phytase. Analysis of structural parameters of femur mechanical strength (Young’s modulus, yield stress, yield strain, ultimate stress, ultimate strain) showed that the inclusion of a phytase dose of 500 FTU/kg in growing/finishing diets was sufficient to significantly improve bone status of grower–finisher pigs at slaughter.

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Chromic oxide and acid‐insoluble ash as markers in digestibility studies with growing pigs and sows

Cited by 19 publications

References 14 publications

223 Comparison of four digestibility markers to estimate fecal output of dogs

223 Comparison of four digestibility markers to estimate fecal output of dogs

Acid-insoluble ash is a better indigestible marker than chromic oxide to measure apparent total tract digestibility in pigs

Influence of Phytase Supplementation at Increasing Doses from 0 to 1500 FTU/kg on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Bone Status in Grower–Finisher Pigs Fed Phosphorus-Deficient Diets

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