Chromatographic studies in Potentilla argentea L

Fröst

2009

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The Potentilla collina complex is intermediate between P. argentea and P. tabernaemontani and is thought to have arisen through hybridization between these or closely related species.As most taxa within the parental species and their close relatives are apomictic, as well as the Collinae, cytogenetic investigations have not so far given any clear evidence on the origin of P. collina.In the present study, the material comprised 38 apomictic biotypes belonging to the species P. argentea, collina, tabernaemontani and crantzii. The distribution of phenolic compounds in leaves was studied by means of two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography. Among the approximately 100 spots observed in the chromatograms, the blue fluorescent spots had a somewhat chance distribution, while the non-blue spots seemed t o be of greater taxonomic significance.Comparisons between chromatograms indicated a close relationship between P. collina and tabernaemontani, and also clear affinities between the collina biotypes and the heterogeneous argentea material. P. crantzii displayed similarities only to P. tabernaemontani and did not seem to be involved in the origin of P. collina.

“…Profound biochemical differences were observed between young and mature plants in our preceding study on Potentilla phenolics (ASKER and FROST, 1970).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Same As Preceding Aposporousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Same As Preceding Aposporousmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The “Potentilla collina problem”- a chemotaxonomic approach

Fröst

2009

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Chromatographic studies of phenolic compounds in apomictic Potentilla L.

Fröst

2009

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Phenolic compounds from leaves of 19 apomictic Potentilla biotypes, belonging to seven different species, were studied by means of thin‐layer chromatography, together with material of Fragaria vesca. Leaves were collected for analysis from both young and mature plants within each biotype. More than 100 different spots were observed in the chromatograms of the total material. Obvious differences were found between species, and, to a smaller extent, between apomictic biotypes within the same species. However, pronounced differences were also observed between chromatograms from young and mature plants. The experimental results point to the necessity of careful choice of plant material for chemotaxonomic comparisons. The usefulness of chemotaxonomic methods in the study of apomictic form groups is discussed.

Apomixis and sexuality in the Potentilla argentea complex III. Euploid and aneuploid derivatives (including trisomics) of some apomictic biotypes

2009

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Three apomictic biotypes belonging to the Potentilla argentea complex formed the basis of this investigation, one of them diploid, one tetraploid and one hexaploid. The effects of chromosome doubling and other changes in chromosome number were studied. Hybrids between the same biotypes were discussed in a previous paper. The diploid was a facultative apomict, but autotetraploids produced by colchicine treatment were totally sexual. This was also true of autotriploids, probably also of trisomics and other aneuploids. Five out of seven possible primary trisomics were obtained; they were morphologically well separated from each other and from the diploid. As shown by the result of test‐crosses, facultative apomixis was restored in “recombined diploids” in progenies from triploids and trisomics. This indicates that apomixis is partly dependent on homozygosity for recessive genes, but that also the degree of ploidy as well as chromosomal and genic balance directly influence the mode of reproduction. — In the more strictly apomictic tetraploid (2n= 28) biotype, unreduced egg cells were fertilized in exceptional cases, whereas the chromosome‐doubled plants formed some aberrants by fertilization of reduced egg cells. However, an “autotriploid” (2n= 42) formed half of its offspring by fertilization of unreduced and reduced egg cells. Aberrants with 2n= 35 and 2n= 63 were obligate apomicts. — The hexaploid was obligately apomictic, whereas the poorly fertile plants resulting from chromosome doubling gave rise to one plant with further increased chromosome number; thus, even here apomixis was interfered with to some extent. — The concluding discussion also deals with problems of mitotic and meiotic instability, crossing barriers in pseudogamous taxa, and viewpoints on the mechanisms and regulation of apomixis.