Chromatogram profiles of andrographolide in A23187-induced New Zealand rabbit's urine and faeces

Abstract

Andrographolide is the main bioactive component of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F.) Nees) which has been traditionally used as pain reducer in Indonesia. Our previous study showed that boiled water of Andrographis paniculata herbs, calculated as andrographolide, administered in healthy rabbits, was fastly absorbed from the stomach (tmax 1 hour), distributed in the circulation system (tmax 1.5 hours) and metabolized in the liver (tmax 2 hours), in subsequent process. In this work, we investigated the chromatogram profile of andrographolide in A23187 induced-New Zealand rabbits' urine and faeces. Prior to be treated, the animals were given orally 40 mg of andrographolide. Urine and faeces were collected during 2 x 24 hours then were extracted using a mixture of ethyl acetate-water (1:1). The water extract was further analyzed using reversed-phase HPLC with methanolwater (55:45) as mobile phase, flow rate 1 mL/minute for faeces and 0.5 mL/minute for urine. Detection was set at λ = 227 nm. HPLC chromatogram showed that andrographolide was not detected in the urine while compounds with higher polarity were observed at 3.0 to 6.0 minutes of elution. Andrographolide was still detected in faeces along with a more nonpolar compound. It could be concluded that andrographolide show ed a good bioavailability in rabbit. This compound was metabolized and excreted in the form of more polar compounds in urine and a more nonpolar compound in faeces.

Chromatogram profile of andrographolide-glucuronate and andrographolide glycine in rabbit feces extract

“…In fact, carrying out a pharmacokinetic study is not as easy as expected, due to various metabolic processes and enzymatic hydrolysis that are encountered by the bioactive compound of the extracts in the body. Andrographolide, a major diterpenoid compound of Andrographis paniculata, has been extensively explored for its pharmacology activities and pharmacokinetics [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Oral administration of a non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug together with andrographolide in rabbits has improved the ADME of this diterpenoid compound [4].…”