Chromatin Damage Patterns Shift According to Eu/ Heterochromatin Replication

Tomaso, María Vittoria Di; Liddle, Pablo; Lafon-Hughes, Laura; Reyes-Ábalos, Ana Laura; Folle, Gustavo A.

doi:10.5772/51847

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 116 publications

(150 reference statements)

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“…The presence of two nucleoli (yellow arrows, Fig. 6b) indicating cell division (40), and the presence of nanoparticles inside the nucleus of the dividing cells (white arrows, Fig. 6e) provides support for this argument.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Encapsulation in Nanoparticles Improves Anti-cancer Efficacy of Carboplatin

Sadhukha

Prabha

2014

AAPS PharmSciTech

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Poor cellular uptake contributes to high dose requirement and limited therapeutic efficacy of the platinum-based anticancer drug carboplatin. Delivery systems that can improve the cellular accumulation of carboplatin will, therefore, likely improve its therapeutic potential. The objective of this study was to evaluate nanoparticles composed of the biodegradable polymer, poly(D, L-lactide-co-glycolide), for carboplatin delivery to tumor cells. Carboplatin-loaded nanoparticles were formulated by double emulsion-solvent evaporation technique. Nanoparticles demonstrated sustained release of carboplatin over 7 days. Cellular uptake of carboplatin encapsulated in nanoparticles was several fold higher than that with free carboplatin in A549 (lung) and MA148 (ovarian) tumor cells. In vitro cytotoxicity studies showed that encapsulation of carboplatin in nanoparticles resulted in a remarkable reduction in the IC50 of carboplatin in several cell lines (up to 280-fold in some cells). Confocal microscopic analysis revealed the presence of carboplatin nanoparticles in several cellular compartments including lysosomes, cytoplasm, and the nucleus. These results demonstrate an enhanced cellular uptake of carboplatin through encapsulation in PLGA nanoparticles and suggest that improved therapeutic efficacy and reduced toxicity may be achieved with this approach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Encapsulation in Nanoparticles Improves Anti-cancer Efficacy of Carboplatin

Sadhukha

Prabha

2014

AAPS PharmSciTech

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“…Dark G-Bands are heterochromatic, AT-rich regions are less frequently involved with transcription. In heterochromatic regions, most genes are inactivated tissue-specific genes, 22 which are rarely involved in transcription. Heterochromatin protects the genes while they are not in use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Effect of Different Doses of Ionizing Radiation on Genes and Disease

Lin

Lee

2019

Dose-Response

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Aim: The chromosomal aberrations induced by radiation appear about nonrandomly distributed across the whole genome. Previous studies have shown that chromosomes with high DNA content are less frequently involved in the formation of symmetrical translocations and dicentric chromosomes than expected, whereas smaller chromosomes are more frequently involved. We hypothesized that these translocation regions are linked to radiation sensitivity. Materials and methods: We investigated the frequencies of chromosome translocations induced by radiation exposure and adjusted the results according to chromosome length. We specifically analyzed whole blood samples from 3 participants. The samples were irradiated using 60 Co at doses of 0.5, 1, 2.5, and 5 Gy. Traditional Giemsa-trypsin-Wright band staining was performed to identify the translocations in the chromosomes, and results were compared with microarray data generated in our previous study. Results: Our analysis indicated that chromosomes 9q were the most sensitive to translocations after various doses of radiation, and such translocations occurred in the euchromatin region. Chromosomes 1, 9, 15, and 17 were more sensitive to radiation doses of 0.5 Gy. This observation could be useful when selecting sensitive reference chromosomes in the low-dose region. The results of expression profiling analysis for radiation-sensitive regions were similar to those of chromosome translocation analysis. Conclusion: This study shows that some chromosomes or genomic regions are more sensitive to alteration by radiation exposure.

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“…Interestingly, a strong nuclear foci pattern was detected in a subset of cells. These foci co-localized with the dark areas of the DAPI staining, which typically correspond to the presence of nucleoli (Di Tomaso et al , 2013). Therefore, we co-stained HS578T and MDA-MB-231 cells with an antibody specific for nucleolin (NCL), a well-known nucleolar protein (Jia et al , 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A subpopulation of Talin 1 resides in the nucleus and regulates gene expression

Silva

Hästbacka

Puustinen

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Talin 1 (TLN1) is best known for its role at focal adhesions, where it activates β-integrin receptors and transmits mechanical stimuli to the actin cytoskeleton. Interestingly, the localization of TLN1 is not restricted to the focal adhesions, but its function in other cellular compartments remains poorly understood. By utilizing both biochemical and confocal microscopy analyses, we show that TLN1 localizes to the nucleus and that it strongly interacts with the chromatin. Importantly, depletion of endogenous TLN1 results in extensive changes in the gene expression profile of human breast epithelial cells. To determine the impact of nuclear TLN1 on gene regulation, we expressed a TLN1 fusion protein containing a nuclear localization signal. Our results revealed that nuclear TLN1 regulates a specific subset of the TLN1-dependent genes. Taken together, we show that apart from localizing at the plasma membrane and cytoplasm, TLN1 also resides in the nucleus where it functions in the regulation of gene expression.

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Chromatin Damage Patterns Shift According to Eu/ Heterochromatin Replication

Cited by 4 publications

References 116 publications

Encapsulation in Nanoparticles Improves Anti-cancer Efficacy of Carboplatin

Encapsulation in Nanoparticles Improves Anti-cancer Efficacy of Carboplatin

The Potential Effect of Different Doses of Ionizing Radiation on Genes and Disease

A subpopulation of Talin 1 resides in the nucleus and regulates gene expression

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