Chromatic Pupilloperimetry Measures Correlate With Visual Acuity and Visual Field Defects in Retinitis Pigmentosa Patients

Abstract

To evaluate the ability of chromatic pupilloperimetry to identify visual field (VF) defects in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and to test the correlation between pupilloperimetry impairment and retinal structural and functional measures. Methods: The pupil responses of 10 patients with RP (mean age, 41.3 ± 16.2 years) and 32 healthy age-similar controls (mean age, 50.7 ± 15.5 years) for 54 focal blue and red stimuli presented in a 24-2 VF were recorded. The pupilloperimetry measures were correlated with Humphrey VF mean deviation, best-corrected visual acuity, and ellipsoid zone area. Results: Substantially lower percentage of pupil contraction and maximal pupil contraction velocity (MCV) were recorded in patients with RP throughout the VF in response to blue and red stimuli. The mean absolute deviation (MADEV) in the latency of MCV (LMCV) was significantly larger in patients compared with controls for blue and red stimuli (P = 1.0 × 10 −7 and P = 1.0 × 10 −6 , respectively). The LMCV MADEV differentiated between patients and controls with high specificity and sensitivity (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.987 and 0.973 for blue and red, respectively). The MADEV of LMCV for blue stimuli correlated with best-corrected visual acuity (ρ = 0.938, P = 5.9 × 10 −5) and ellipsoid zone area (ρ = −0.857; P = 0.002). The MADEV of LMCV for red stimuli correlated with Humphrey VF mean deviation (ρ = −0.709; P = 0.022). Minimizing the test to 15 targets maintained a diagnosis of retinal damage in patients with RP with high sensitivity and specificity (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.927). Conclusions: The chromatic pupilloperimetry measures significantly correlated with retinal function and structure in patients with RP at various disease stages. Translational Relevance: Chromatic pupilloperimetry may enable objective assessment of visual field defects and visual acuity in RP.

Machine learning for comprehensive prediction of high risk for Alzheimer’s disease based on chromatic pupilloperimetry

“…The only latency-related parameter that had AUC-ROC < 0.7 for both eyes was the latency of maximal velocity (LMCV). Several studies indicated that the LMCV parameter differentiates with high specificity and sensitivity between healthy controls and patients with photoreceptor degeneration 36 , 38 . SD-OCT imaging for all participants included in the current study did not indicate any sign of photoreceptor degeneration.…”

“…Chromatic pupilloperimetry testing was performed as previously described 35 – 38 . Briefly, the device is comprised of a Ganzfeld dome apparatus with 76 LEDs (2 mm 2 diameter), an infrared camera and a fixation light.…”

“…Chromatic pupilloperimetry measures the PLR for 54 small (0.43°) dim and bright red and blue light stimuli presented at a 30° visual field, thereby allowing examination of the rod-, cone- and melanopsin mediated-PLR at various retinal locations. Previous studies indicated the feasibility of detecting focal changes in retinal function in patients with retinal and macular degeneration by utilizing chromatic pupilloperimetry with high sensitivity and specificity 35 – 38 . Those studies indicated that the transient PLR obtained in response to short (1 s) focal low intensity (dim) blue light stimuli is mainly mediated by rod photoreceptors, and cone photoreceptors significantly contribute to the PLR for focal red light stimuli 35 – 39 .…”

Machine learning for comprehensive prediction of high risk for Alzheimer’s Disease based on chromatic pupilloperimetry

“…The only latency-related parameter that had AUC-ROC <0.7 for both eyes was the latency of maximal velocity (LMCV). Several studies indicated that the LMCV parameter differentiates with high speci city and sensitivity between healthy controls and patients with photoreceptor degeneration 35,37 . SD-OCT imaging for all participants included in the current study did not indicate any sign of photoreceptor degeneration.…”

“…Chromatic pupilloperimetry testing was performed as previously described 37 . Brie y, the device is comprised of a Ganzfeld dome apparatus with 76 LEDs (2 mm 2 diameter), an infrared camera and a xation light.…”